Natasha Olivia Tumewu REFERENCES
Acuti, D. et al. (2018) ‘An instagram content analysis for city branding in London and Florence’, Journal of Global Fashion Marketing. Routledge, 9(3), pp. 185–204. doi:
10.1080/20932685.2018.1463859.
Adiakurnia, M. I. (2018) Tahun Depan, Generasi Milenial akan Mendominasi Pasar
Wisata, Kompas.com. Available at:
https://travel.kompas.com/read/2018/10/18/180644227/tahun-depan-generasi- milenial-akan-mendominasi-pasar-wisata (Accessed: 18 March 2019).
Adinaya, G. B. (2018) Membanggakan, Inilah Prestasi Pariwisata Indonesia di Kancah Dunia - Halaman 2 - Nationalgeographic.grid.id, National Geographic. Available at:
https://nationalgeographic.grid.id/read/13936310/membanggakan-inilah-prestasi- pariwisata-indonesia-di-kancah-dunia?page=2 (Accessed: 18 March 2019).
Agmasari, S. (2019) Bandara Silangit Danau Toba Akan Diperluas, Kompas.com.
Available at: https://travel.kompas.com/read/2019/02/11/131100527/bandara-silangit- danau-toba-akan-diperluas (Accessed: 7 May 2019).
Ainiyah, N., Deliar, A. and Virtriana, R. (2016) ‘The classical assumption test to driving factors of land cover change in the development region of northern part of west Java’, International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences - ISPRS Archives, 41(July), pp. 205–210. doi: 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B6- 205-2016.
Araujo, C. S. et al. (2014) ‘It is Not Just a Picture: Revealing Some User Practices in Instagram’, in 2014 9th Latin American Web Congress. IEEE, pp. 19–23. doi:
10.1109/LAWeb.2014.12.
Arnold, A. (2018) Here’s How Much Instagram Likes Influence Millennials’ Choice Of
Travel Destinations. Available at:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewarnold/2018/01/24/heres-how-much-instagram- likes-influence-millennials-choice-of-travel-destinations/#996eefb4eba0 (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Ayeh, J. K., Au, N. and Law, R. (2013) ‘Predicting the intention to use consumer- generated media for travel planning’, Tourism Management. Elsevier Ltd, 35, pp. 132–
143. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.06.010.
Balouchi, M. et al. (2017) ‘Explaining and predicting online tourists’ behavioural intention in accepting consumer generated contents’, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 8(2), pp. 168–189. doi: 10.1108/JHTT-09-2016-0059.
Barton, C. et al. (2013) Traveling with Millennials.
Beerli, A. and Martín, J. D. (2004) ‘Factors influencing destination image’, Annals of Tourism Research. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2004.01.010.
Natasha Olivia Tumewu Benckendorff, P., Moscardo, G. and Pendergast, D. (Donna L. (2010) Tourism and
generation Y. CAB International. Available at:
https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Tourism_and_Generation_Y.html?id=LuKm8 Tugg1UC&redir_esc=y (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Bernkopf, D. and Nixon, L. (2018) ‘The Impact of Visual Social Media on the Projected Image of a Destination: The Case of Mexico City on Instagram: Proceedings of the International Conference in Nicosia, Cyprus, January 30–February 1, 2019’, in Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2018. Springer International Publishing, pp. 145–157. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-72923-7.
Berthon, P. R. et al. (2012) ‘Marketing meets Web 2.0, social media, and creative consumers: Implications for international marketing strategy’, Business Horizons, 55, pp. 261–271. doi: 10.1016/j.bushor.2012.01.007.
Burgess, S. et al. (2011) ‘Trust perceptions of online travel information by different content creators: Some social and legal implications’, Information Systems Frontiers, 13(2), pp. 221–235. doi: 10.1007/s10796-009-9192-x.
Caers, R. et al. (2013) ‘Facebook: A literature review’, New Media and Society, 15(6), pp. 982–1002. doi: 10.1177/1461444813488061.
Cahyanto, I. et al. (2016) ‘The Effects of Social Media Usage on Travel Information Searching and Travel Experience Sharing’, Tourism Travel and Research Association:
Advancing Tourism Research Globally, 42.
Casaló, L. V., Flavián, C. and Guinalíu, M. (2011) ‘Understanding the intention to follow the advice obtained in an online travel community’, Computers in Human Behavior, 27(2), pp. 622–633. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2010.04.013.
Cavagnaro, E., Staffieri, S. and Postma, A. (2018) ‘Understanding millennials’ tourism experience: values and meaning to travel as a key for identifying target clusters for youth (sustainable) tourism’, Journal of Tourism Futures, 4(1), pp. 31–42. doi:
10.1108/JTF-12-2017-0058.
Choi, S., Lehto, X. Y. and Morrison, A. M. (2007) ‘Destination image representation on the web: Content analysis of Macau travel related websites’, Tourism Management, 28(1), pp. 118–129. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2006.03.002.
Cholik, M. A. (2017) ‘THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA : CURRENT PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES’, European Journal of Research and Reflection in Management Sciences, pp. 49–59.
Chung, N. and Koo, C. (2015) ‘The use of social media in travel information search’, Telematics and Informatics. Elsevier Ltd, 32(2), pp. 215–229. doi:
10.1016/j.tele.2014.08.005.
CNN Indonesia (2018) Wonderful Indonesia Kian Populer di Mancanegara, CNN Indonesia. Available at: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20181124180105- 269-348964/wonderful-indonesia-kian-populer-di-mancanegara (Accessed: 18 March 2019).
Natasha Olivia Tumewu CNN Indonesia and ANTARA News (2019) Vietnam, Pesaing Baru Pariwisata Asia Tenggara, CNN Indonesia. Available at: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya- hidup/20190114134718-269-360643/vietnam-pesaing-baru-pariwisata-asia-tenggara (Accessed: 18 March 2019).
Cook, R. D. and Weisberg, S. (1983) ‘Diagnostics for heteroscedasticity in regression’, Biometrika, 70(1), pp. 1–10. doi: doi:10.1093/biomet/70.1.1.
Cooper, D. R. and Schindler, P. S. (2014) Business Research Methods. New York:
McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Cox, C. et al. (2009) ‘The role of user-generated content in tourists’ travel planning behavior’, Journal of Hospitality and Leisure Marketing, 18(8), pp. 743–764. doi:
10.1080/19368620903235753.
Creswell, J. W. (1994) Research design: Qualitative & quantitative approaches., Research design: Qualitative & quantitative approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA, US:
Sage Publications, Inc.
Davis, F. D. (1989) ‘Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology’, MIS Quarterly, 13(3), p. 319. doi: 10.2307/249008.
Deny, S. (2018) Vietnam Jadi Pesaing RI di Sektor Pariwisata Tahun Ini - Bisnis
Liputan6.com, Liputan6.com. Available at:
https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/3243207/vietnam-jadi-pesaing-ri-di-sektor- pariwisata-tahun-ini (Accessed: 13 March 2019).
Dimyat, V. (2019) ‘Menanti Danau Toba Jadi Destinasi Wisata Geopark Dunia’, inews.id. Available at: https://www.inews.id/travel/destinasi/menanti-danau-toba-jadi- destinasi-wisata-geopark-dunia/470881.
Dudovskiy, J. (2018) The Ultimate Guide to Writing a Dissertation in Business Studies:
A Step-by-Step Assistance by John Dudovskiy. Available at:
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/35123990-the-ultimate-guide-to-writing-a- dissertation-in-business-studies (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Dulock, H. L. (1993) ‘Research Design: Descriptive Research’, Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing, 10(4), pp. 154–157. doi: 10.1177/104345429301000406.
Dwityas, N. A. and Briandana, R. (2017) ‘Social Media in Travel Decision Making Process’, International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 7(7), pp. 291–292.
Earl, J. and Kimport, K. (2011) Digitally Enabled Social Change: Activism in the
Internet Age. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. doi:
10.7551/mitpress/9780262015103.001.0001.
Engel, J. F., Blackwell, R. D. and Miniard, P. W. (1990) Consumer behavior. 6th edn.
Chicago: Dryden Press.
Farahani, B. M., Mohamed, B. and Som, A. P. M. (2011) ‘Photograph, information search and tourism marketing’, Asian Social Science, 7(7), pp. 94–101. doi:
10.5539/ass.v7n7p94.
Natasha Olivia Tumewu Fatanti, M. N. and Suyadnya, I. W. (2015) ‘Beyond User Gaze: How Instagram Creates Tourism Destination Brand?’, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. doi:
10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.145.
Field, A. P. (2013) Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. Thousand Oaks:
SAGE Publications Inc. Available at:
https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Discovering_Statistics_Using_IBM_SPSS_St.
html?id=srb0a9fmMEoC&redir_esc=y (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Fodness, D. and Murray, B. (1997) ‘Tourist information search’, Annals of Tourism Research, 24(3), pp. 503–523. doi: 10.1016/s0160-7383(97)00009-1.
Fokkema, M. and Svensson, J. (2016) City branding on Instagram: DMOs and their usage of affordances. Uppsala Universitet.
Fotis, J., Buhalis, D. and Rossides, N. (2011) ‘Social Media Impact on Holiday Travel Planning’, International Journal of Online Marketing, 1(4), pp. 1–19. doi:
10.4018/ijom.2011100101.
Gay, L. R. and Airasian, P. W. (2000) Educational research : competencies for analysis and application. 6th edn. Merrill. Available at:
https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Educational_Research.html?id=QLJhQgAAC AAJ&redir_esc=y (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Ghozali, I. (2011) Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan menggunakan SPSS, Gramedia.
Glover, P. (2010) ‘Generation Y’s future tourism demand: some opportunities and challenges.’, in Tourism and Generation Y, pp. 155–163. doi:
10.1079/9781845936013.0155.
Gogtay, N. J., Deshpande, S. P. and Thatte, U. M. (2016) ‘Normal distribution, “p”
value and confidence intervals’, Journal of Association of Physicians of India, 64(AUGUST), pp. 74–76.
Govers, R., Go, F. M. and Kumar, K. (2007) ‘Promoting tourism destination image’, Journal of Travel Research, 46(1), pp. 15–23. doi: 10.1177/0047287507302374.
Gretzel, U., Kang, M. and Lee, W. (2008) ‘Differences in consumer-generated media adoption and use: A cross-national perspective’, Journal of Hospitality and Leisure Marketing, 17, pp. 99–120. doi: 10.1080/10507050801978240.
Gujarati, D. N. (2004) ‘Chapter 11: Heteroskedasticity: What happens if the Error Variance is nonconstant’, in Basic Econometrics. 4th edn. The McGraw−Hill Companies, pp. 387–440.
Haines, G. (2018) A third of millennials say posting pictures on social media is as
important as the holiday itself. Available at:
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/news/millennials-social-media-holidays/
(Accessed: 15 February 2019).
Hair, J. F. et al. (2014) Multivariate Data Analysis. 7th edn. Essex: Pearson Education
Natasha Olivia Tumewu Limited. doi: 10.1038/259433b0.
Hair, J. F. J. ; et al. (2003) Essentials of Business Research Methods. Wiley.
Hanan, H. and Putit, N. (2014) ‘Express marketing of tourism destinations using Instagram in social media networking’, in Hospitality and Tourism. CRC Press, pp.
471–474. doi: 10.1201/b16064-93.
Hansen, K., Nowlan, G. and Winter, C. (2016) ‘Pinterest as a Tool: Applications in Academic Libraries and Higher Education’, Partnership: The Canadian Journal of Library and Information Practice and Research, 7(2). doi:
10.21083/partnership.v7i2.2011.
Harryanto, Muchran, M. and Ahmar, A. S. (2018) ‘Application of TAM model to the use of information technology’, International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(January), pp. 37–40.
Heale, R. and Twycross, A. (2015) ‘Validity and reliability in quantitative studies’, Evidence Based Nursing, 18(3), pp. 66–67. doi: 10.1136/eb-2015-102129.
Heap, L. (2018) From sharing to searching: the rise of Instagram as a search engine.
Available at: https://www.edelman.co.uk/magazine/posts/from-sharing-to-searching- the-rise-of-instagram-as-a-search-engine/ (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Hopkins, W. G. (2000) ‘Quantitative Research Design’, Sportscience, 4(1). Available at: https://sportsci.org/jour/0001/wghdesign.html (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Horwath HTL (HHTL) and Jurong, S. (2017) Lake Toba, Market Analysis and Demand Assessment.
Hox, J. J. and Boeije, H. R. (2005) ‘Data Collection, Primary vs. Secondary’, in Encyclopedia of Social Measurement, pp. 593–599. doi: 10.1016/B0-12-369398- 5/00041-4.
Hua, L. Y. et al. (2017) ‘Social Media as a Tool to Help Select Tourism Destinations:
The Case of Malaysia’, Information Systems Management. Taylor & Francis, 34(3), pp.
265–279. doi: 10.1080/10580530.2017.1330004.
Huang, Y. C. and Petrick, J. F. (2010) ‘Generation Y’s travel behaviours: a comparison with baby boomers and Generation X.’, in Tourism and Generation Y. Wallingford:
CABI, pp. 27–37. doi: 10.1079/9781845936013.0027.
Huey, L. S. and Yazdanifard, R. (2014) ‘How Instagram can be used as a tool in social networking marketing How Instagram Can Be Used as a Tool in Social Network Marketing Center for Southern New Hampshire University ( SNHU ) Programs HELP College of Art and Technology Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia .’, (January).
Huh, H. J., Kim, T. (Terry) and Law, R. (2009) ‘A comparison of competing theoretical models for understanding acceptance behavior of information systems in upscale hotels’, International Journal of Hospitality Management. doi:
10.1016/j.ijhm.2008.06.004.
Natasha Olivia Tumewu Huluwa, R. A. (2018) Menpar: Pertumbuhan Pariwisata Indonesia, Terbesar di ASEAN, detik.com. Available at: https://travel.detik.com/travel-news/d- 4280236/menpar-pertumbuhan-pariwisata-indonesia-terbesar-di-asean (Accessed: 18 March 2019).
Ibo, A. (2018) Sektor Pariwisata Jadi Investasi Unggulan di 2018 - Lifestyle
Liputan6.com, Liputan6.com. Available at:
https://www.liputan6.com/lifestyle/read/3217850/sektor-pariwisata-jadi-investasi- unggulan-di-2018 (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
IDN Research Institute (2019) Indonesia Millennial Report. Available at:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milenial.
IDN Times (2019) 2018 Dikunjungi 378.649 Wisatawan, 2019 Samosir Gelar Event Nasional. Available at: https://sumut.idntimes.com/travel/destination/arifin- alamudi/2018-dikunjungi-378649-wisatawan-2019-samosir-gelar-event-nasional (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Instagram (2016a) Introducing Instagram Stories – Instagram. Available at:
https://instagram-press.com/blog/2016/08/02/introducing-instagram-stories/
(Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Instagram (2016b) Introducing Saved Posts | Instagram for Business. Available at:
https://business.instagram.com/blog/introducing-saved-posts (Accessed: 12 May 2019).
Instagram (2017) Instagram’s 2017 Year in Review – Instagram. Available at:
https://instagram-press.com/blog/2017/11/29/instagrams-2017-year-in-review/
(Accessed: 18 May 2019).
Instagram (2019) Our Story – Instagram. Available at: https://instagram-press.com/our- story/ (Accessed: 3 March 2019).
Instagram Business Travel (2018) Destination Instagram.
Isaac, S. and Michael, W. B. (1995) Handbook in research and evaluation : a collection of principles, methods, and strategies useful in the planning, design, and evaluation of studies in education and the behavioral sciences. EdITS. Available at:
https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Handbook_in_Research_and_Evaluation.html?
id=o5RgQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Jang, Y.-J., Lee, S.-H. and Kim, H.-W. (2014) ‘Examining the Impact of Online Friendship Desire on Citizenship Behavior*’, Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems, 23(4). doi: 10.14329/apjis.2013.23.4.029.
Johnson, T. J. and Kaye, B. K. (2002) ‘Webelievability: A path model examining how convenience and reliance predict online credibility’, Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 79(619–642). doi: 10.1177/107769900207900306.
Jones, V., Jo, J. and Martin, P. (2007) ‘Future Schools and How Technology can be used to support Millennial and Generation-Z Students’, International Conference
Natasha Olivia Tumewu Proceedings of Ubiquitous Information Technology.
Joshi, A. et al. (2015) ‘Likert Scale: Explored and Explained’, British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 7(4), pp. 396–403. doi: 10.9734/bjast/2015/14975.
Kang, M. and Schuett, M. A. (2013) ‘Determinants of Sharing Travel Experiences in Social Media’, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 30(1–2), pp. 93–107. doi:
10.1080/10548408.2013.751237.
Kaplan, A. M. and Haenlein, M. (2010) ‘Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media’, Business Horizons. doi: 10.1016/j.bushor.2009.09.003.
Karimkhani, C. et al. (2014) ‘Dermatology on instagram.’, Dermatology online journal, 20(7), pp. 1–6.
Kaushik, M. and Mathur, B. (2014) ‘Data Analysis of Students Marks with Descriptive Statistics’, International Journal on Recent and Innovation in Computing and Communication, 2(5), pp. 1188–1191.
Kemenpar (2019) Kementerian Pariwisata RI | Siaran Pers : Danau Toba Punya Atraksi Baru ‘The Kaldera Toba Nomadic Escape’. Available at:
http://www.kemenpar.go.id/post/siaran-pers-danau-toba-punya-atraksi-baru-the- kaldera-toba-nomadic-escape (Accessed: 28 April 2019).
Kementrian PUPR (2016) Inkubasi Kawasan Danau Toba. Available at:
http://www.pu.go.id/uploads/services/infopublik20160330174236.pdf.
Kietzmann, J. H. et al. (2011) ‘Social media? Get serious! Understanding the functional building blocks of social media’, Business Horizons, 54(3), pp. 241–251. doi:
10.1016/j.bushor.2011.01.005.
Kim, H., Xiang, Z. and Fesenmaier, D. R. (2015) ‘Use of the internet for trip planning:
A generational analysis’, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing. doi:
10.1080/10548408.2014.896765.
Kompas.com (2018) 10 Obyek Wisata Instagramable di 10 Destinasi Bali Baru, Kompas.com. Available at: https://travel.kompas.com/read/2018/11/07/234136127/10- obyek-wisata-instagramable-di-10-destinasi-bali-baru (Accessed: 18 March 2019).
Koran Jakarta (2017) Danau Toba Diandalkan Dongkrak Jumlah Wisman | Koran Jakarta, Koran Jakarta. Available at: http://www.koran-jakarta.com/danau-toba- diandalkan-dongkrak-jumlah-wisman/ (Accessed: 11 March 2019).
Koran Sindo (2018) Pilihan Konten Favorit Ala Generasi Milenial. Available at:
https://lifestyle.sindonews.com/read/1319699/166/pilihan-konten-favorit-ala-generasi- milenial-1530933869 (Accessed: 8 May 2019).
Krallman, A., Pelletier, M. J. and Adams, F. G. (2016) ‘@Size vs. #Impact: Social Media Engagement Differences Amongst Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram’, in Celebrating America’s Pastimes: Baseball, Hot Dogs, Apple Pie and Marketing?, pp.
557–561. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-26647-3_112.
Natasha Olivia Tumewu Kwak, H. et al. (2010) ‘What is Twitter, a social network or a news media?’, in Proceedings of the 19th international conference on World wide web - WWW ’10, pp.
591–600. doi: 10.1145/1772690.1772751.
Ladhari, R. and Michaud, M. (2015) ‘EWOM effects on hotel booking intentions, attitudes, trust, and website perceptions’, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 46, pp. 36–45. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.01.010.
Larson. Selena (2018) Twitter will double its character count for most users, CNN.
Available at: https://money.cnn.com/2017/11/07/technology/twitter-280-character- limit/index.html (Accessed: 3 March 2019).
Lee, E. et al. (2015) ‘Pictures Speak Louder than Words: Motivations for Using Instagram’, Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(9), pp. 552–556.
doi: 10.1089/cyber.2015.0157.
Levine, D. M. . et al. (2008) Statistics for Managers Using Microsoft ® Excel, Prentice Hall. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Linaschke, J. (2011) GETTING THE MOST FROM INSTAGRAM. PEACHPIT PRESS.
Available at:
https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Getting_the_Most_from_Instagram.html?id=zI 3Km4v6kqQC&redir_esc=y (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Litvin, S. W., Goldsmith, R. E. and Pan, B. (2008) ‘Electronic word-of-mouth in hospitality and tourism management’, Tourism Management, 29(3), pp. 458–468. doi:
10.1016/j.tourman.2007.05.011.
Litvin, S. W. and Hoffman, L. M. (2012) ‘Responses to consumer-generated media in the hospitality marketplace: An empirical study’, Journal of Vacation Marketing, 18(2), pp. 135–145. doi: 10.1177/1356766712443467.
Lucyanda, J. and Nura’ni, S. P. (2013) ‘Pengujian Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Audit Delay’, Jurnal Akuntansi & Auditing, 9(2), pp. 128–149.
Mackinnon, K. A. (2012) ‘User generated content vs. advertising: Do consumers trust the word of others over advertisers?’, The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 3(1), pp. 14–21.
Marwick, A. E. (2015) ‘Instafame: Luxury Selfies in the Attention Economy’, Public Culture. doi: 10.1215/08992363-2798379.
Mattern, J. (2016) Instagram. Available at:
https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Instagram.html?id=Xif2jwEACAAJ&redir_es c=y (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
McIntosh, R. W. and Goeldner, C. R. (1990) Tourism : principles, practices,
philosophies. J. Wiley. Available at:
https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Tourism.html?id=I0frAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc
=y (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Metzger, M. J. et al. (2003) ‘Credibility for the 21st Century: Integrating Perspectives
Natasha Olivia Tumewu on Source, Message, and Media Credibility in the Contemporary Media Environment’, Annals of the International Communication Association. Routledge, 27(1), pp. 293–
335. doi: 10.1080/23808985.2003.11679029.
Miller, C. (2017) How Instagram Is Changing Travel, National Geographic. Available at: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/travel-interests/arts-and-culture/how- instagram-is-changing-travel/ (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Mir, I. A. and Rehman, K. U. (2013) ‘FACTORS AFFECTING CONSUMER ATTITUDES AND INTENTIONS TOWARD USER-GENERATED PRODUCT CONTENT ON YOUTUBE’, Challenges for the Knowledge Society, 8(4), pp. 637–
654.
Molinillo, S. et al. (2018) ‘DMO online platforms : Image and intention to visit’, Tourism Management, 65, pp. 116–130. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2017.09.021.
Morosan, C. (2012) ‘Theoretical and empirical considerations of guests’ perceptions of biometric systems in hotels: Extending the technology acceptance model’, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 36(1), pp. 52–84. doi: 10.1177/1096348010380601.
Moutinho, L. (1987) ‘consumer behavior in tourism’, European Journal of Marketing, 21, pp. 5–44.
Online News Association (2001) Digital journalism credibility survey. Available at:
http://www.jornalists.org/Programs/ResearchText.htm.
Osti, L., Turner, L. W. and King, B. (2009) ‘Cultural differences in travel guidebooks information search’, Journal of Vacation Marketing, 15(1), pp. 63–78. doi:
10.1177/1356766708098172.
Park, D.-H., Lee, J. and Han, I. (2007) ‘The Effect of On-Line Consumer Reviews on Consumer Purchasing Intention: The Moderating Role of Involvement’, International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 11(4), pp. 125–148. doi: 10.2753/JEC1086- 4415110405.
Pendergast, D. (2010) ‘Getting to know the Y Generation.’, in Tourism and Generation Y, pp. 1–15. doi: 10.1079/9781845936013.0001.
Perneger, T. V. et al. (2015) ‘Sample size for pre-tests of questionnaires’, Quality of Life Research. doi: 10.1007/s11136-014-0752-2.
Pinho, J. C. M. R. and Soares, A. M. (2011) ‘Examining the technology acceptance model in the adoption of social networks’, Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 5, pp. 116–129. doi: 10.1108/17505931111187767.
Prakoso, J. R. (2015) Bagaimana Citra Pariwisata Indonesia di Mata Dunia?, detik.com. Available at: https://travel.detik.com/travel-news/d-2832009/bagaimana- citra-pariwisata-indonesia-di-mata-dunia (Accessed: 21 March 2019).
Prakoso, J. R. (2017) Menpar Bidik 1 Juta Kunjungan Wisman ke Danau Toba Tahun 2019, detik.com. Available at: https://travel.detik.com/travel-news/d-3452157/menpar- bidik-1-juta-kunjungan-wisman-ke-danau-toba-tahun-2019 (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Natasha Olivia Tumewu Prodjo, W. A. (2017) 10 Destinasi "Bali Baru", 4 Destinasi Jadi Prioritas, Kompas.com. Available at: https://travel.kompas.com/read/2017/11/18/122700027/10- destinasi-bali-baru-4-destinasi-jadi-prioritas (Accessed: 3 March 2019).
Reinard, J. C. (2006) Communication research statistics. SAGE Publications. Available at: https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/communication-research-statistics/book226226 (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Reino, S. and Hay, B. (2016) ‘ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst The Use of YouTube as a Tourism Marketing Tool The Use of YouTube as a Tourism Marketing Tool’, Travel and Tourism Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally, 69.
Available at:
http://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra%5Cnhttp://scholarworks.umass.edu/ttra/2011/Visu al/69.
Reynolds, W. H. (1985) ‘The Role of the Consumer in Image Building’, California Management Review. doi: 10.2307/41165634.
Reza Jalilvand, M. et al. (2012) ‘Examining the structural relationships of electronic word of mouth, destination image, tourist attitude toward destination and travel intention: An integrated approach’, Journal of Destination Marketing and Management.
Elsevier, 1(1–2), pp. 134–143. doi: 10.1016/j.jdmm.2012.10.001.
Richards, G. and Wilson, J. (2004) ‘The International Student Travel Market:
Travelstyle, Motivations, and Activities’, Tourism Review International. doi:
10.3727/1544272042782183.
Rohani, V. and Hock, O. S. (2010) ‘On Social Network Web Sites: Definition, Features, Architectures and Analysis Tools’, Journal of Advances in Computer Research, 2, pp.
41–53.
Rosopa, P. J., Schaffer, M. M. and Schroeder, A. N. (2013) ‘Managing heteroscedasticity in general linear models’, Psychological Methods, 18(3), pp. 335–
351. doi: 10.1037/a0032553.
Russmann, U. and Svensson, J. (2017) ‘Introduction to Visual Communication in the Age of Social Media: Conceptual, Theoretical and Methodological Challenges’, Media and Communication, 5(4), p. 1. doi: 10.17645/mac.v5i4.1263.
Salomon, D. (2013) ‘Moving on from Facebook: Using Instagram to connect with undergraduates and engage in teaching and learning’, College & Research Libraries News, 74(8), pp. 408–412. doi: 10.5860/crln.74.8.8991.
Santoso, S. (2010) Statistik Multivariat. Jakarta: PT. Elex Media Komputindo.
Seabra, C., Abrantes, J. L. and Lages, L. F. (2007) ‘The impact of using non-media information sources on the future use of mass media information sources: The mediating role of expectations fulfillment’, Tourism Management, 28, pp. 1541–1554.
doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2007.02.008.
Sedgwick, P. (2014) ‘Unit of observation versus unit of analysis’, BMJ (Online),
Natasha Olivia Tumewu 348(June), pp. 1–2. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g3840.
Shuqair, S. and Cragg, P. (2017) The immediate impact of Instagram post on changing viewers´ perceptions towards travel destinations: 1st International Conference on Advanced Research (ICAR-2017), Manama, Bahrain. doi: 10.25275/apjabssv3i2bus1.
Sigala, M., Christou, E. and Gretzel, U. (2012) Social media in travel, tourism and hospitality : theory, practice and cases. Ashgate Pub. Available at:
https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Social_Media_in_Travel_Tourism_and_Hospi.
html?id=ep2kuk7idmkC&redir_esc=y (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Sijabat, T. (2019) 381.649 Wisatawan Berwisata ke Samosir Sepanjang 2018 - Wisata
& Kuliner - MedanBisnisDaily.com. Available at:
http://www.medanbisnisdaily.com/news/online/read/2019/01/09/62924/381_649_wisa tawan_berwisata_ke_samosir_sepanjang_2018/ (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
Silva, T. H. et al. (2013) ‘A picture of instagram is worth more than a thousand words:
Workload characterization and application’, in Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems, DCoSS 2013. doi:
10.1109/DCOSS.2013.59.
Smith, A. N., Fischer, E. and Yongjian, C. (2012) ‘How Does Brand-related User- generated Content Differ across YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter?’, Journal of Interactive Marketing, 26, pp. 102–113. doi: 10.1016/j.intmar.2012.01.002.
Souza, S. C. de and Machado, D. F. C. (2017) ‘Use and Influence of Social Media on Trip Planning: a quantitative study’, Revista Turismo em Análise - RTA, 28(2), pp. 254–
270.
Stepchenkova, S. and Zhan, F. (2013) ‘Visual destination images of Peru: Comparative content analysis of DMO and user-generated photography’, Tourism Management.
Elsevier, 36, pp. 590–601. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.08.006.
Stevens, J. P. (2002) Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences. 4th edn.
Mahwah, NJ, US: Lawrence Erlbaum Associate Publishers.
Stroud, D. (2008) ‘Social networking: An age-neutral commodity — Social networking becomes a mature web application’, Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice, 9, pp. 278–292. doi: 10.1057/palgrave.dddmp.4350099.
Taherdoost, H. (2016) ‘Validity and Reliability of the Research Instrument; How to Test the Validation of a Questionnaire/Survey in a Research’, International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM), 5(3), pp. 28–36. doi:
10.2139/ssrn.3205040.
Tan, W. K. and Chen, T. H. (2012) ‘The usage of online tourist information sources in tourist information search: An exploratory study’, Service Industries Journal, 32(3), pp.
451–476. doi: 10.1080/02642069.2010.529130.
Terttunen, A. (2017) The influence of Instagram on consumers’ travel planning and destination choice. Haaga-Helia University of Applied Sciences.
Natasha Olivia Tumewu The Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (J-Pal) (2018) Six Rules of Thumb for Determining Sample Size and Statistical Power. Available at:
https://www.povertyactionlab.org/sites/default/files/resources/2018.03.21-Rules-of- Thumb-for-Sample-Size-and-Power.pdf.
The Jakarta Post (2018) Ministry develops digital tourism to attract millennial travelers - News - The Jakarta Post, The Jakarta Post. Available at:
https://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2018/11/06/ministry-develops-digital-tourism- to-attract-millennial-travelers.html (Accessed: 18 March 2019).
Tong, W. (2018) Instagram ’ s impact in travel decision-making process and leisure travel planning : The Case of Hong Kong Master ’ s Thesis. ISC Paris Business School.
Vermeulen, I. E. and Seegers, D. (2009) ‘Tried and tested: The impact of online hotel reviews on consumer consideration’, Tourism Management, 30(1), pp. 123–127. doi:
10.1016/j.tourman.2008.04.008.
VIVA.co.id (2019) Danau Toba Masuk Prioritas Pertama Kawasan Wisata Strategis - VIVA, VIVA.co.id. Available at: https://www.viva.co.id/gaya-hidup/travel/1076919- danau-toba-masuk-prioritas-pertama-kawasan-wisata-strategis (Accessed: 28 April 2019).
Wiradinata, T. and Iswandi, B. (2016) ‘The analysis of Instagram Technology adoption as marketing tools by small medium enterprise’, in 2016 3rd International Conference on Information Technology, Computer, and Electrical Engineering (ICITACEE). IEEE, pp. 1–6. doi: 10.1109/ICITACEE.2016.7892472.
Woodside, A. G. and Lysonski, S. (1989) ‘A General Model Of Traveler Destination Choice’, Journal of Travel Research. doi: 10.1177/004728758902700402.
World Tourism Organization (2016) 2016 Annual Report: World Tourism
Organization. Available at:
http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/pdf/annual_report_2016_web_0.pdf (Accessed:
13 May 2019).
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) (2016) Global Report on The Power of Youth Travel. Available at: https://www.wysetc.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Global- Report_Power-of-Youth-Travel_2016.pdf (Accessed: 13 May 2019).
World Travel & Tourism Council (2018) Travel & Tourism Economic Impact 2018:
Indonesia.
Xiang, Z. and Gretzel, U. (2010) ‘Role of social media in online travel information search’, Tourism Management. Elsevier Ltd, 31(2), pp. 179–188. doi:
10.1016/j.tourman.2009.02.016.
Yilmaz, K. (2013) ‘Comparison of quantitative and qualitative research traditions:
Epistemological, theoretical, and methodological differences’, European Journal of Education, 48(2), pp. 311–325. doi: 10.1111/ejed.12014.
Yoo, K.-H., Gretzel, U. and Zach, F. (2011) ‘Travel Opinion Leaders and Seekers’, in
Natasha Olivia Tumewu Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2011, pp. 525–535. doi:
10.1007/978-3-7091-0503-0_42.
Yoo, K. H. and Gretzel, U. (2010) ‘Antecedents and Impacts of Trust in Travel-Related Consumer-Generated Media’, Information Technology & Tourism, 12(2), pp. 139–152.
doi: 10.3727/109830510x12887971002701.
Yurieff, K. (2018) Instagram Stories are twice as popular as Snapchat, CNN.com.
Available at: https://money.cnn.com/2018/06/28/technology/instagram-stories- users/index.html (Accessed: 17 March 2019).
Zeng, B. and Gerritsen, R. (2014) ‘What do we know about social media in tourism? A review’, Tourism Management Perspectives. Elsevier Ltd, 10, pp. 27–36. doi:
10.1016/j.tmp.2014.01.001.
