Now
2.The packages mailed at the post office will arrive Monday.
Just
3. The North Platte River from Wyoming into Nebraska.
Flows
4…………Biloxi received its name from a Sioux word meaning “first people.”
The city of
5. A pride of lions………. up to forty lions, including one to three males, several females, and cubs.
can contain
6. ……….tea plant are small and white.
The flowers of the
7. The tetracyclines,……….. antibiotics, are used to treat infections.
a family of
8. Any possible academic assistance from taking stimulants………. marginal at best.
Is
9. Henry Adams, born in Boston,…….. famous as a historian and novelist.
Became
10. The major cause…… the pull of the Moon on the Earth.
of ocean tides is
11. Still a novelty in the late nineteenth century,……… limited to the rich.
photography was
12. A computerized map of the freeways using information gathered by sensors embedded in the pavement……….. on a local cable channel during rush hours.
Airs
13. A power failure occurred, the lamps went out.
So
14. A power failure occurred,……. the lamps went out.
So
15……….was late, I missed the appointment.
Since he
16. You will get a good grade on the exam provided……….
you study
17. The president of the United States appoints the cabinet members,……… appointments are subject to Senate approval.
but their
18. The prisoners were prevented from speaking to reporters because……..
the superintendent did not want the story in the papers
19. Like Thomas Berger's rictional character Little Big Man, Lauderdale managed to find himself where…….. of important events took place.
an extraordinary number
20. ………..sucked groundwater from below, some parts of the city have begun to sink as much as ten inches annually.
As pumps have
21. Case studies are the target of much skepticism in the scientific community,……. used extensively by numerous researchers
yet they are
22. According to the hypothesis in the study, the monarchs pick up the magnetic field of the……migrate by following magnetic fields.
target since monarchs
23. …………..show the relations among neurons, they do not preclude the possibility that other aspects are important.
Although neural theories
24……or refinanced, the lender will generally require setting up an escrow account to ensure the payment of property taxes and homeowner's insurance.
When a home is bought
25. If ultraviolet radiation enters the Earth's atmosphere,…… generally blocked by the ozone concentrated in the tmosphere.
it is
26. Among human chromosomes, the Y chromosome is unusual….. most of the chromosome does not participate in meiotic recombination.
in that
27.The three basic chords in…… the tonic, the dominant, and the subdominant.
functional harmony are
28. ………Hale Telescope, at the Palomar Observatory in southern California, scientists can photograph objects several billion light years away.
With the
29. Without the proper card installed inside the computer,….. impossible to run a graphics program.
it is
in the fight to win renewal.
so the lottery committee
31. While in reality Alpha Centauri is a triple star,….. to the naked eye to be a single star.
it appears
32. The Sun's gravity severely distorted the path of the comet…… entered its wildly erratic orbit around Jupiter.
once the comet
33. Each object…. Jupiter's magnetic field is deluged with electrical charges.
Entering
34. As its name suggests, the Prairie Wetlands Resource Center…… the protection of wetlands on the prairies of the Dakotas, Montana, Minnesota, and Nebraska.
focuses on
35. One of the largest and most powerful birds of prey in the world,….. a sixfoot wingspan and legs and talons roughly the size of a man's arms and legs.
the harpy has
36. ………..creation of such a community was a desirable step, the requisite political upheaval had to be accepted.
Since the
37………was late caused many problems.
That he
38…….was on television made me angry.
What
39. The gift ……… for the bride was rather expensive.
which we
40. ………..is on the table has four sections.
The notebook which
41. Dolphins form extremely complicated allegiances and……… continually change.
enmities that
42. Scientists are now beginning to conduct experiments on…….. trigger different sorts of health risks. how noise pollution can
43. The Apollo 11 astronauts…….. of the Earth's inhabitants witnessed on the famous first moonwalk onJuly 20, 1969, were Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin.
whom millions
44. At the end of the nineteenth century, Alfred Binet developed a test for measuring
intelligence……. served as the basis of modern IQ tests.
which has
45. …………have at least four hours of hazardous materials response training is mandated by federal law.
That all police officers
46. A cloud's reservoir of negative charge extends upward from the altitude at….. the freezing point.
which temperatures hit
47. In a 1988 advanced officers’ training program, Sampson developed a plan to incorporate police in enforcing environmental protection laws whenever………. feasible.
it is
48. …………will be carried in the next space shuttle payload has not yet been announced to the public.
What
49. During free fall, up to a full minute, a skydiver will fall……….. at a constant speed of 120 m.p.h.
which is
50. The fact……… the most important ratings period is about to begin has caused all the networks to shore up their schedules.
That
51. ……….loom high above the northern and northeastern boundaries of the expanding city of Tucson.
The Santa Catalina mountains
52. Radioactive………… provides a powerful way to measure geologic time.
Dating
53. ………contained in the chromosomes, and they are thought of as the units of heredity.
Genes are
54. The benefit…….. the study is that it provides necessary information to anyone who needs it
Of
55. The same symptoms that occur occur………. with cocaine.
with amphetamines can
56. Many companies across the country have molded the concepts…….. describes into an integrated strategy for preventing stress.
That Wolf
57…………in the first draft of the budget will not necessarily be in the final draft.
What appears
good food to eat.
That it
59. A need for space law to include commercial concerns has been recognized inasmuch………. been expanding drastically in recent years.
As the commercial launch industry has
60. The report on the nuclear power plant indicated that when the plant had gone on line……… unsafe.
It had been
1. on several different television programs, the witness gave conflicting accounts of what had happened.
Jawab : Appears
2. When..., you are free to leave.
Jawab : finished with the report
3. The lawyer asked the client why it Jawab : he did
4. On the second level of the parking lot Jawab : are some empty stalls
5. Only in extremely dangerous situations stopped.
Jawab : will the printing presses be
6. The results of the current experiment appear to be more consistent than the results of any previous tests.
Jawab : were
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 13—14): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. When nests during spring nesting season, Canadian geese are fiercely territorial.
Jawab : building
2. In 1870, Calvin, along with Adirondack hunter Alvah Dunning, made the first known ascent of Seward Mountain, far from roads or trails.
Jawab : a remote peak
3. Kokanee salmon begin to deteriorate and die soon at the age of four.
Jawab : after spawning
4. behind government secrecy for nearly half a century, the Hanford plant in central Washington produced plutonium for the nuclear weapons of the Cold War.
Jawab : Hidden
5. Until incorrect, astronomers had assumed that the insides of white dwarfs were
uniform.
Jawab : recently proven
6. artifacts from the early Chinese dynasties, numerous archeologists have explored the southern Silk Road.
Jawab : Searching for
7. In Hailey, the best-known lecturer was women's rights activist Abigail Scott Duniway of Portland, Oregon, who could usually be persuaded to speak town visiting her son.
Jawab : while in
8. The National Restaurant Washington, says that federal efforts to regulate workplace smoking would limit restaurants' ability to respond to the desires of their patrons.
Jawab : Association, based in
9. in North American waterways a little over a decade ago, zebra mussels have already earned a nasty reputation for their expensive habit of clogging water pipes in the Great Lakes area.
Jawab : Although first sighted
10. Small companies may take their goods abroad for trade shows without paying foreign value-added taxes by acquiringan... an ATA carnet.
Jawab : a document called
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1—14): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. In the United States approximately four million miles of roads, streets, and highways.
Jawab : there are
2. twelve million immigrants entered the United States via Ellis Island.
Jawab : More than
3. The television, so long been a part of our culture, has an enormous influence.
Jawab : which has
4. Psychologists have traditionally maintained that infants cannot formulate long-term memories until the age of eight or nine months.
Jawab : they reach
5. a cheese shop has since grown into a small conglomerate consisting of a catering business and two retail stores.
Jawab : What began as
6. Primarily a government contractor, preferential treatment from government agencies as both a minority- group member and a woman.
Jawab : Weber receives
7. Because the project depends on at is the federal level, the city and county may have to wait until the budget cutting ends.
Jawab : what happens
8. definitive study of a western hard- rock mining community cemetery appears to have been done is in Silver City, Nevada.
Jawab : Where the most
9. One of the areas of multimedia that growing quicklyis sound.
Jawab : yet is easily overlooked
10. , early approaches for coping with workplace stress dealt with the problem only after its symptoms had appeared.
Jawab : Although well-intended
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 15—19): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. Rarely located near city lights or at lower elevations. The Jawab : are observatories
2. There are geographic, economic, and cultural reasons why around Jawab : diets differ
3. Were millions of dollars each year replenishing eroding beaches, the coastline would be changing even more rapidly.
Jawab : the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers not spending
4. Nowhere more skewed than in the auto industry.
Jawab : that retail trade figures
5. New York City's Central Park is nearly twice as large second smallest country, Monaco.
Jawab : as is the
6. Potassium has a valence of positive one because it usually loses one electron when with other elements.
Jawab : it combines
7. The economic background of labor legislation will not be mentioned in this course, be treated.
Jawab : nor will trade unionism
8. test positive for antibiotics when tanker trucks arrive at a milk processing plant, according to federal law, the entire truckload must be discarded.
Jawab : Should milk
9. Located behind the two lacrimal glands.
Jawab : each eyelid are
10. Only for a short period of time run at top speed
Jawab : do cheetahs
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1—19): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. variety of flowers in the show, from simple carnations to the most exquisite roses.
Jawab : There was a wide
2. The wedges dart board are worth from one to twenty points each.
Jawab : on a
3. Producing many new movies for release after the new season begins.
His company is
4. That Emily Dickinson wrote, 24 were given titles and 7 were published during her lifetime.
Of the 1,800 poems
5. Since an immediate change was needed on an emergency basis, by the governor to curtail railway expenditure.
it was proposed
6. In the Morgan Library in New York City of medieval and Renaissance manuscripts.
is a collection
7. Some fishing fleets might not have been so inefficient in limiting their catch to target species more strict in enforcing penalties.
had the government been
8. The Dewey Decimal System, currently used in libraries throughout the world, all written works into ten classes according to subject.
Divides
9. Individual differences in brain-wave activity may shed light on why some people are more prone to emotional stress disorders
than are others
10. squeezed, the orange juice in a one-cup serving provides twice the minimum daily requirement for vitamin C
If freshly
11. A nerve is actually many nerve fiber bound together.
Jawab : fiber
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 20—23): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. Among bees a highly elaborate form of communication.
Occurs
2. heated by solar energy have special collectors on the roofs to trap sunlight.
Homes
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 20—23): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. Among bees a highly elaborate form of communication.
Occurs
2. heated by solar energy have special collectors on the roofs to trap sunlight.
Homes
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
3. Each number . binary system are/is formed from only two symbols.
A B C D
4. Scientists at the medical center is/are trying to determine if there is a relationship
A B C
between saccharine and cancer.
D
254 STRUCTURE
5. On the rim of the Kilauea volcano in the Hawaiian Islands are/is a hotel called
the A B C D
Volcano Hotel.
6. The great digital advances of the electronic age, such as integrated circuitry and a
A B
microcomputer, has/have been planted in tiny chips.
C D
7. There are many frequently mentioned reasons why one out of four arrests involve/involves a
A B C D
juvenile.
8. Kepler's Laws, principles outlining planetary movement, was/were formulated based on
A B C
observations made without a telescope.
9. Only with a two-thirds vote by both houses are/is the U.S. Congress able to override a
A B C
presidential veto.
D
10. Of all the evidence that has piled up since Webster's paper was published, there is/are no
A B
new ideas to contradict his original theory.
C D
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1—23):
Choose the letter of the word or group of
words that best completes the sentence.1. several unsuccessful attempts, Robert Peary reached the North Pole on April 6, 1909.
(A) After (B) He made (C) When (D) His
2. The musical instrument is six feet long.
(A) is called the bass (B) it is called the bass (C) called the bass
4. of economic cycles been helpful in predicting turning points in cycles, they would have been used more consistently.
(A) Psychological theories (B) Psychological theories have (C) Had psychological theories (D) Psychologists have theories
5. Hospital committees spent weeks agonizing over which artificial kidney candidate would receive the treatments now find that the decision is out of their hands. That once
(D) 3. One
they
calls the bass
problem with all languages are full of irregularities.
(A) when (B) (C) so
is that (D) in case
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 3
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
6. More than half of the children in the 1,356-member district qualifies/qualify for
A B C
reduced-price or free lunches.
D
7. Five miles beyond the hills were/was a fire with its flames reaching up to the sky.
A B C D
8. Kettledrums, what/which were first played on horseback, were incorporated into the
A B C D
orchestra in the eighteenth century.
9. When is a flag/a flag is hung upside down, it is an internationally recognized symbol of
A B C D
distress.
10. The Museum of the Confederation in Richmond hosts an exhibition which A
Documenting/documents the origins and history of the banner that most Americans think of as
B C D
the Confederate flag.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 24—26): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. Truman Capote's In Cold Blood is neither 2. Vitamin C is necessary for the journalistically accurate . prevention and of scurvy.
(A) a piece of fiction (A) it cures
(B) nor a fictitious work (B) cures
(C) or written in a fictitious way (C) cure (D) nor completely fictitious (D) for curing
262 STRUCTURE
3. A baby's development is influenced by both heredity and
(A) by environmental factors (B) environmentally
(C) the influence of the environment (D) environment
4. Because bone loss occurs earlier in women than , the effects of osteoporosis are more apparent in women.
(A) men do (B) in men (C) as men
(D) similar to men
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
5. Fire extinguishers can contain liquefied gas, dry chemicals,or watery/water.
A B C D
6. The U.S. Congress consists of both the Senate as well as/and the House of Representatives.
A B C D
7. The prison population in this state, now at an all time high, is higher than any state/the prison population in any other state.
A B C D
8. A well-composed baroque opera achieves a delicate balance by focusing alternately
A B C
on the aural, visual, emotional, and philosophy/philosophical elements.
D
9. Manufacturers may use food additives for preserving, to color, to flavor, or to fortify
A B C
Foods/to preserve.
D
10. A bankruptcy may be either voluntary nor/or involuntary.
A B C D
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1—26): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. The growth of hair cyclical process, with phases of activity and inactivity.
(A) it is (B) is a (C) which is (D) a regular
2. The fire to have started in the furnace under the house.
(A) is believed (B) that is believed (C) they believe (D) that they believe
3. In Roman numerals, symbols for numeric values.
(A) are letters of the alphabet (B) letters of the alphabet are (C) which uses letters of the alphabet (D) in which letters of the alphabet are
4. The legal systems of most countries can be classified common law or civil
law.
(A) as either (B) either as (C) either to (D) to either
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 26l
5. One difference between mathematics and language is that mathematics is precise
(A) language is not
(B) while language is not (C) but language not (D) while is language
6. Your criticism of the three short stories should not be less than 2,000 words, nor
more than 3,000.
(A) should it be (B) it should be (C) it is
(D) should be it
266 STRUCTURE
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
7. In 1870, the attorney general was made head of the Department of Justice, given an A
enlarged staff, and endow/endowed with clear-cut law-enforcement functions.
B C D
8. The General Sherman Tree, the largest of all the giant sequoias, are/is reputed to be
A B C
the world's largest living thing.
D
9. The skeleton of a shark is made of cartilage rather than having bone.
A B C D
10. At least one sample of each of the brands contains measurable amounts of aflatoxin,
A B
and there is/there are three which exceed the maximum.
C D
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 27—29): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. The speed of light is the speed of sound.
(A) faster
(B) much faster than (C) the fastest
(D) as fast
2. The use of detail is method of developing a controlling idea, and almost all students employ this method.
(A) more common (B) common (C) most common (D) the most common
3. in Stevenson's landscapes, the more vitality and character the paintings seem to possess.
(A) The brushwork is loose (B) The looser brushwork (C) The loose brushwork is
(D) The looser the brushwork is
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
4. Certain types of snakes have been known to survive fasts more as/than a year long.
A B C D
5. The grizzly bear, which can grow up to eight feet tall, has been called a more/that most
A B C D
dangerous animal of North America.
6. Climate, soil type, and availability of water are the most critical factors than/in selecting
A B C
the best type of grass for a lawn.
D
7. Peter Abelard, a logician and theologian, was the controversialest/most controversial teacher of his age.
A B C D
8. Protein molecules are the most/more complex than the molecules of carbohydrates.
A B C D
9. The leek, a member of the lily family, has a mildest/milder taste than the onion.
A B C D
10. The widely/the most widley used natural fiber of all is cotton.
A B C D
TOEFL REYIEW EXERGISE (Skills 1—29): Ghoose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. , a liberal arts college specifically for deaf people, is located in
Washington, D.C.
(A) Gallaudet College (B) Gallaudet College is (C) About Gallaudet College (D) Because of Gallaudet College z. varieties of dogs at the show,
including spaniels, poodles, and collies.
(A) The several (B) Those (C) Several
(D) There were several
3. While the discovery that many migratory songbirds can thrive in deforested
wintering spots , the fact remains that these birds are dying at unusual rates.
(A) it is heartening (B) hearten (C) heartening (D) is heartening
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
4. The coyote is somewhat smaller in size than a timber wolf.
A B C D
5. The weather reports all showed that there were/was a tremendous storm front moving in.
A B C D
6. Seldom cactus plants are found outside of North America. / are cactus plants
266 STRUCTURE A B C D
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 9
7. In a basketball game a player what/ w h o is fouled receives one or two free throws.
A B C D
8. Until recently, California was largest/the largest producer of oranges in the United States.
A B C D
9. An understanding of engineering theories and problems are/is impossible until basic
A B
arithmetic is fully mastered.
C D
10. The earliest/earlier the CVS ( chorionic villus sampling procedure in the pregnancy, the
A B C
greater the risk to the baby.
D
10 STRUCTURE
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 30—32): Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
1. Alice in Wonderland, first published in 1865, has since being/been translated into thirty
A B C D
languages.
2. The Peace Corps was establish/established on March 1, 1961, by then PresidentJohn F. Kennedy.
A B C D
3. The advisor told himself, while listening to the speech, that a dozen other reporters
A B
would has/would have already asked that question.
C D
4. At the start of the American Revolution, lanterns were hung in the Old North Church
A B C
as a signal that the British were came/coming.
D
5. Linus Pauling has wins/won two Nobel Prizes: the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the
A B C D
1962 Nobel Peace Prize.
6. On the huge Ferris wheel constructed for a world exhibition in Chicago in 1893,
A B
each of the thirty-six cabs could held/hold sixty people.
C D
7. To overcome rejection of a skin graft, a system for matching donor and recipient
A B C
tissues has be/been developed.
D
8. Nails are commonly make/made of steel but also can contain substances such as aluminum
A B C D
or brass.
9. A patient suffering from amnesia may had/have partial or total loss of memory.
A B C D
10. The idea of using pure nicotine to help smokers stop was first tries/tried in the mid- 1980’s
A B C D
with nicotine-laced chewing gum.
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-32): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. separates Manhattan's Upper East 2. Bioluminescent animals the water Side from the Upper West Side. or on land.
(A) Central Park (A) live
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 11
(B) Where Central Park (B) are living either
(C) Where is Central Park (C) they are found in
(D) Central Park which (D) can be found in
12 STRUCTURE
s. The purpose of a labor union is to
improve the working conditions, , and pay of its members.
(A) jobs are secure (B) to be secure (C) job security (D) the job's security
4. When on July 4, 1789, the federal tariff, intended by the Founding Fathers to be the government's primary source of revenue, was remarkably evenhanded.
(A) was first enacted (B) first enacted (C) was enacted first (D) it first
5. inclined to push for such a reduction, it would probably not be successful.
(A) The Office of Management (B) The Office of Management was (C) In the Office of Management (D) Were the Office of Management
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 279
Choose the 1ett'er of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
6. Helium has the most low/lowest boiling point of all substances.
A B C D
7. There is/are twenty-six bones in the human foot, fourteen of them in the toes.
A B C D
8. Extension of the countdown hold to fourteen hours was order/was odered to give crews
A B
more time to repair wiring and clear away equipment.
C D
9. The study demonstrates that neither experience or/nor awareness will improve chances of
A B C D
success.
10. Some of the eye movements used in reading is/are actually unnecessary.
A B C D
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 33—36): Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
1. In several of his paintings, Edward Hicks depicted the Quaker farm in Pennsylvania A
where he spends/spent his youth.
B C D
2. Florida has become/became the twenty-seventh state in the United States on March 3, 1845.
A B C D
280 STRUCTURE
3. After last week's meeting, the advertising department quickly realized that the
A B
product will/would need a new slogan.
C D
4. John F. Kennedy's grandfather, John F. Fitzgerald, serves/served two terms as the mayor of
A B C
Boston in the beginning of the twentieth century.
D
5. Fort Ticonderoga, a strategically important fortification during the Revolution, had/has A since been reconstructed and turned into a museum.
B C D
6. In making their calculations, Institute researchers assume that the least costly form of
A B
energy would/will be used.
C D
7. A twenty-one-year-old man became the second casualty yesterday when he loses/lost
A B C
control of his truck.
D
8. Most people had written with quill pens until pens with metal points become/became
popular A B C D
in the middle of the nineteenth century.
9. In a determined drive to pare its debt, Time Warner is launching a stock offering
A B C
plan that would potentially raise/ will potentially raise $2.8 billion.
D
10. The formula used in the study calls for either peroxide or metaldehyde, but
A B C
metaldehyde was/is not always available.
D
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1—36): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. in the United States declined from 2. Because of his reservations about the twenty million in 1910 to nine million in issue, refused to vote for it.
the 1970s.
(A) who
(A) For a number of horses (B) and
(B) The number of horses (C) which the senator (C) When the number of horses (D) the senator (D) That the number of horses
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 283
3. Bats avoid running into objects by high-frequency sounds and listeriing for echoes.
(A) the emission (B) emitted (C) emitting (D) they emit
4. It has been estimated that if we intend to stay above the starvation level, the food supply.
(A) so we will have to double (B) and it must double (C) which it must be doubled - (D) we must double
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
5. To determine an object's force, the mass and speed of the object must be measure/measured.
A B C D
6. The most common time for tornados to occur are/is in the afternoon or evening on a
A B C
hot, humid spring day.
D
7. Automakers Nissan and Ford and several aerospace research facilities in Great Britain A
are working/have been working lately to apply active noise cancellation to entire cars and planes.
B C D
8. When a country in/country is in an early stage of development, investments in fixed capital
A B C
are vital.
D
9. John Chapman became famous in American folklore as “Johnny Appleseed” after he A
Plants/planted apple trees throughout the northeastern part of the United States.
B C D
10. Inasmuch/inasmuch as he kept mostly to himself, the author of The Treasure of the Sierra Madre was
A B C D
known as “the mysterious B. Treuen.
284 STRUCTURE
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 37—38): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. discussed by the board of directors 3. The x-ray treatments up to the when it was proposed again by the time that he was dismissed from the
supervisors. hospital.
(A) The problem had already (A) gave daily
(B) The problem is already (B) were given daily (C) The problem had already been (C) basically have given (D) The problem has already (D) daily had been given
2. Much of the carnage of elephants, giraffes, and big cats uncaring hunters.
(A) must commit by (B) must be committed (C) must have committed
(D) must have been committed by
286 STRUCTURE
Chqose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
4. Particular issues that concern teenagers were covering/convered in the half-hour program.
A B C D
5. Electrical impulses may also picked/be picked up by the optic nerve.
A B C D
6. Workers training for a specific job have a strong possibility of being replace/replaced by a
A B C D
machine.
7. On June 30, 1992, international timekeepers in Paris were added/added an extra second to
A B C
the day.
D
8. The report could not be turned in on time because all the needed work lost/was lost.
A B C D
9. In English these questions have be formed/have been by changing the word order of a
A B C
statement, whereas in some languages the word order remains the same.
D
10. He was not able to define the process by which the body had protected/had been protected by the
A B C D
immunologic system.
TOEFL REVRW EXERCISE (Skills 1-38): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. Big Dipper, a seven-star constellation in the shape of a cup, is part of Ursa Major.
(A) The (B) It is the (C) With the (D) That the
2. The Military Academy at West Point on the west bank of the Hudson River, north of New York City.
(A) located (B) is located (C) which is located (D) whose location is
3. impressive chapter in the book was the chapter on Stuart's scientific
theories.
(A) It was the most (B) The most (C) Most (D) Most of the
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 291
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
4. The r‹ t rush have/omit have appeared on the earth approximately 500 million years ago.
A B C D
5. Only rarely sound waves are/are sound waves of a single frequency encountered in practice.
A B C D
6. Cameos can be carved not only from onyx and sardonyx or from agate/but also.
A B C D
7. Although most of the wild horses on the western range have already been rounded
A B
up, the most/more remote the area, the greater the possibility that wild horses can still be
C D
found.
8. During this period, $206 was spend/spent annually on food by families in the lower third/was lost
A B C D
income bracket.
9. The dangers of noise are/have been, unfortunately, not as clear-cut than are those from
A B C
most other health hazards.
D
10. In a recent survey of Americans, more than 75 percent expressed the view that the
A B
government it should/should take a more active role in health care.
C D
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 39—42): Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of
words that is not correct.1. As a compilation of useful details, a weekly magazine commends itself in several
A B C
Respect/respects.
D
2. Through aquaculture, or fish farming, more than 500 million tons of fish
A B
are produced each years/year.
C D
3. The legal system has much/many safeguards to protect the right of a defendant to an
A B C
impartial jury.
D
292 STRUCTURE
4. The mystery bookstore was largely a phenomena/phenomenon of the last decade.
A B C D
5. The Song ofHiawatha, by Longfellow, tells the story of the Indian heroism/hero who
A B C
married Minehaha.
D
6. Uranus is the seventh planets/planet from the Sun.
A B C D
7. The sycamore has broad leaves with a large amount/number of pointed teeth.
A B C D
8. The first of two such investigation/investigations requires the students to read continuously over a
A B
period of four hours.
C D
9. A quantitative analysis, using both the computer and quantitative techniques,
A B
are used/is used to optimize financial decisions.
C D
10. To enter the FBI National Academy, an application/applicant must be between the ages of
A B C D
twenty-three and thirty-four.
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 291
1. As a compilation of useful details, a weekly magazine commends itself in several
A B C
respect.
D
2. Through aquaculture, or fish farming, more than 500 million tons of fish
A B
are produced each years.
C D
3. The legal system has much/many safeguards to protect the right of a defendant to an
A B C
impartial jury.
D
294 STRUCTURE
4. The mystery bookstore was largely a phenomena of the last decade.
A B C D
5. The Song ofHiawatha, by Longfellow, tells the story of the Indian heroism who
A B C
married Minehaha.
D
6. Uranus is the seventh planets from the Sun.
A B C D
7. The sycamore has broad leaves with a large amount/number of pointed teeth.
A B C D
8. The first of two such investigation requires the students to read continuously over a
A B
period of four hours.
C D
9. A quantitative analysis, using both the computer and quantitative techniques,
A B
are used to optimize financial decisions.
C D
10. To enter the FBI National Academy, an application must be between the ages of
A B C D
twenty-three and thirty-four.
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills
1—42): Choose the letter of the word or group of
words that best completes the sentence.1. Presidential held every four years on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
(A) electing (B) elections are (C) is elected (D) elected and
4. The population of the earth is increasing at a tremendous rate and out of control.
(A) they have become (B) are soon going to be (C) soon will be
(D) why it will be
2. Studies of carcinogenesis in animals can 5. Starting in 1811, traders and
provide data on in human manufacturers were more easily able to
susceptibility. send goods upriver in provided
(A) differences are (B) that differences are (C) differences have (D) differences
3. Those who favor the new law say that the present law does not set spending limits on lobbyists' gifts to politicians, nor
statewide funds.
(A) it limits (B) limits it (C) does it limit (D) does it
the necessary power to counteract the flow of the waters.
(A) steamboats (B) which (C) that
(D) that steamboats
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 299
C{¡oose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
6. Temperature indicates on a bimetallic thermometer by the amount that the
A B C D
bimetallic strip bends.
7. Many of the food consumed by penguins consists of fish obtained from the ocean.
A B C D
8. Before the newspaper became widespread, a town crier has walked throughout a
A B C
village or town singing out the news.
D
9. All of NASA's manned spacecraft project are headquartered at the Lyndon B.
A B C D
J hnson Space Center in Houston.
10. Fungi cause more serious plant diseased than do other parasites.
A B C D
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 43—45): Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
1. Superman made their/his comic debut in 1938 in Action Comics.
A B C D
2. Commercial letters of credit are often used to finance export trade, but them/they can
A B C
have other uses.
D
3. When children experience too much frustration, its/their behavior ceases to be integrated.
A B C D
4. On March 30, 1981, President Reagan was shot as his/he was leaving a Washington hotel.
A B C D
5. Although the destruction that it causes is often terrible, cyclones benefit a
A B
much wider belt than they devastate.
C D
6. President Andrew Jackson had an official cabinet, but him preferred the advice of his
A B C D
informal advisors, the Kitchen Cabinet.
7. After Clarence Day's book Life With fatârr was rewritten as a play, they/it ran for six years
A B C D
on Broadway.
8. Almost half of the Pilgrims did not survive theirs first winter in the New World.
A B C D
9. There was no indication from the Senate that he/it would agree with the decision made
A B C D
302 STRUCTURE in the House.
10. A baby learns the meanings of words as they are spoken by others and later uses him/them
A B C D
in sentences.
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1—45): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. worst phase of the Depression, more than thirteen million Americans had no jobs.
(A) It was in the (B) During the (C) While the (D) The
2. When reading a book, you must keep your point of view separate from the point of view in you are studying.
(A) that
(B) the material and (C) the materials that (D) the materials that are
306 STRUCTURE
3. Speech consists not merely of sounds but that follow various structural patterns.
(A) of organized sound patterns (B) organized sound patterns
(C) that sound patterns are organized (D) in organizing sound patterns
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
4. The latest medical report indicated that the patient's temperature was near normal
A B
and their/his/her lungs were partially cleared.
C D
5. Most oxygen atoms have eight neutrons, but a small amount/number have
nine or ten. A B C
D
6. When Paine expressed his belief in independence, he praised/was praised by the public.
A B C D
7. A vast quantity of radioactive material is made when does a hydrogen bomb explode.
A B C D
8. Genes have several alternative form, or alleles, which are produced by mutations.
A B C D
9. A star that has used up its energy and has lost its heat became a black dwarf.
A B C D
10. Each lines of poetry written in blank verse has ten syllables, which are alternately
A B C D
stressed and unstressed.
TOEEL
EXERCISE (Skills 46—48):Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of
words that is not correct.1. Modern art is on display at the Guggenheim Museum, a building with an unusually
A B C D
design.
2. By the beginning of the 1980s fifteen states had adopted already no-fault insurance
A B C D
laws.
3. Heart attacks are fatally in 75 percent of occurrences.
A B C D
4. In spite of a tremendous amount of electronic gadgetry, air traffic control still
A B C
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 307 depends heavy on people.
D
5. Only recently have Gooden's industrially designers and engineers been able to
A B
optimize Watertred's unusual tread patterns for mass production.
C D
6. A baboon's arms appear as lengthily as its legs.
A B C D
7. A serious problem is how to communicate reliable with a submerged submarine.
A B C D
8. Americans are destroying rapidly wetlands, faster than an acre every two minutes.
A B C D
9. The central banking system of the United States consists of twelve banks district.
A B C D
10. Telegraph service across the Atlantic was successful established/succesfully in 1866.
A B C D
308 STRUCTURE
TOEFL REUIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1—48): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. Patty Berg, the top tournament winner in women's golf, eighty-three golf tournaments from 1935 through 1964.
(A) she won (B) winning (C) won (D) who won
2. with about fifteen times its weight in air does gasoline allow the carburetor to run smoothly.
(A) It is mixed (B) To mix it (C) When mixed (D) Only when mixed
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
3. The Colorado River reaches their/its maximum height during April and May.
A B C D
4. Plant proteins tend to have few/fewer amino acids than proteins from animal sources.
A B C D
5. The Viking spacecraft has landed on Mars in July of 1976.
A B C D
6. Admiral Byrd commanded airplane expeditions over both the Arctic or/and the Antarctic.
A B C D
7. The advertising campaign will be based on the recent completed study.
A B C D
8. Coronary occlusion results from a disease in which fatty substances with a large
A B
amount of cholesterol is/are deposited in the arteries.
C D
9. Her money gave back as soon as she threatened to take the matter to court.
A B C D
10. Other sites of fossil discoveries throughout Wyoming, ranging from the fiery
A B
Tyrannosaurus rex to the milder Triceratops, have proven equally excite.
C D
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 3 I I
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 49—51): Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
1. As the only major American river that flowed in a west direction, the Ohio was the
A B C
preferred route for settlers.
D
2. During the annually salmon migration from the sea to fresh water, Alaska's McNeil
A B
River becomes a gathering place for brown bears waiting eagerly to catch their fi11.
C D
3. Edelman stresses the mounting evidence showing that greatly variation on a
A B C
microscopic scale is likely.
D
4. Perhaps the most welcoming and friendly of the park's wild places is the live oak
A B C
forest that surrounds the district's a lone visitors' center in Gulf Breeze.
D
5. Halley's comet, viewing through a telescope, was quite impressive.
A B C D
6. The state of deep asleep is characterized by rapid eye movement, or REM, sleep.
A B C D
7. Among the disputing sections of the Monteverdi opera are the sinfonia, the
A B C D
prologue, and the role of Ottone.
8. Most probably because of the likable rapport between anchors, the night newscast on
A B C
the local ABC affiliate has recently moved well beyond its competitors in the ratings D
battle.
9. Signing at the outset of a business deal, a contract offers the participants a certain
A B C
degree of legal protection from costly mistakes.
D
10. The story presented by Fischer is a headlong tale told so effectively that
A B
its momentum carries the reader right through the live endnotes.
C D
312 STRUCTURE
W&ITTEN EXP&ESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 313
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1—51): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. During the early nineteenth century, the 3. The daughters of Joseph LaFlesche were Spanish missions in Alta, California born into the generation of Omaha
to be an integral part of the forced to abandon tribal traditions, economy and productive capacity of the on the reservation, and to adapt to
region. the white man's ways.
(A) proved (A) they matured
(B) they proved (B) to mature
(C) they proved it (C) maturing
(D) proved it (D) to maturity
2. Still other hurdles remain before suitable for private cars.
(A) fuel cells
4. Among the most revealing aspects of mining towns their paucity of public open space.
(B) become (A) Was
(C) fuel cells become (B) Were
(D) that fuel cells become (C)
(D) it was so
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
5. Factor analysis is used to discover how many abilities are involve in intelligence test
A B C D
performance.
6. One of the early orders of marine mammals, manatees have evolved more than fifty
A B
million years ago from land animals.
C D
7. Dolphins and chimps are like in that they have been shown to have language skills.
A B C D
8. In the appendix at the end of the chapter are the instructions to be used for the
A B C
completion correct of the form.
D
9. Used sound that var' ot only in time but in space, whales at close range may
A B C
communicate with sonarlike “pictures.”
D
10. The 1898 Trans-Mississippi International Exposition has the distinction of being the
A B
last major fair which held during the Victorian period.
C D
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 311
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 52-55): Ghoose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
1. On a trip down to the bottom of the Grand Canyon, the equipment will in all
A B C
probability be carried by a burros.
D
2. Ford designed the first large-scale assembly line at plant in Highland Park, Michigan.
A B C D
3. In the human body, blood flows from a heart through the arteries, and it returns
A B C
through the veins.
D
4. The scholarship that Wilson received to study history at Cambridge presented an
A B C D
unique opportunity.
5. Observations from Earth indicate that at the solar surface, the outward magnetic field
A B
is a strongest at the polar regions.
C D
6. A radar images of Venus add details about a planet dominated by volcanoes and lava.
A B C D
7. In 1863 and 1864, the U.S. Congress passed the National Bank Acts, which set up a
A B
system of privately owned banks chartered by a federal government.
C D
8. An human ear responds to a wide range of frequencies.
A B C D
9. Bacteria that live in soil and water play a vital role in recycling carbon, nitrogen,
A B
sulfur, and another chemical elements used by living things.
C D
10. During the U.S. Civil War, an American balloonist organized a balloon corps in Army.
A B C D
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1—55): Ghoose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. In economics, “diminishing returns”
describes resource inputs and production.
(A) among (B) when it is (C) among them
(D) the relationship between
2. When lava reaches the surface, its temperature can be ten times boiling water.
(A) the temperature (B) that of
(C) it is (D) more
312 STRUCTURE
3. „ Rarely remove the entire root of a dandelion because of its length and sturdiness.
(A) can the casual gardener (B) the casual gardener (C) the casual gardener will (D) does the casual gardener's
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
4. Operas can be broadly classified as either comedies or they are tragedies.
A B C D
5. Tungsten has the highest melting point of all metals, and for this reason it is often A
use in equipment that must withstand high temperatures.
B C D
6. Whereas there are forty-three ant species in Great Britain, the same amount of ant
A B C
species can be found in a single tree in Peru.
D
7. People voice theirs opinions first in small groups or among friends and
A B C
acquaintances.
D
8. Inside the Lincoln Memorial is a large statue of Lincoln make from white marble.
A B C D
9. Detailed photometric data of the area just north of Triton's equatorial region A
indicate the existence of a thin, transparent layers of frost.
B C D
10. U.S. census figures indicate that people with only an elementary education can earn
A B
just half as much as college graduations.
C D
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 323
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 56—57): Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of
words that is not correct.1. Amelia Earhart, the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic, disappeared on June
A B C
1937 while attempting to fly around the world.
D
2. The occurrence edema indicates the presence of a serious illness.
A B C D
3. Atomic nuclei are believed to be composed by/of protons and neutrons in equal
A B C D
numbers for the lighter elements.
4. According legend, Betsy Ross designed and sewed the first American flag.
A B C D
5. The middle ear is attached for/to the back of the throat by the eustachian tube.
A B C D
6. Plants that sprout, grow, bloom, produce seeds, and die within one year are classified
A B C
For/as annuals.
D
7. A marionette is controlled by means strings connected to wooden bars.
A B C D
324 STRUCTURE
8. In July of 1861, Pat Garrett killed Billy the Kid in a house close Fort Sumner.
A B C D
9. Many comfort heating systems using steam as a working fluid operate at the
A B C D
convection principle./according to
10. Mars's two small moons are irregularly shaped and covered for/with craters.
A B C D
TOEFL REYIEW EXERCISE (1—57): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. In any matter, heat tends to flow to 3. Army camps near Washington, the cooler parts.
(A) hotter parts
(B) there are hotter parts (C) from the hotter parts (D) toward the hotter parts
2. Certain authorities claim that the costumes that people wear to parties
into their personalities.
(A) give subtle insights (B) they give subtle insights (C) which give subtle insights (D) subtle insights
D.C., in 1861, Julia Ward Howe wrote
“The Battle Hymn of the Republic.”
(A) She visited (B) After visiting (C) When visited
(D) When was she visiting
Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of words that is not correct.
4. The body depends in/ o n food as its primary source of energy.
A B C D
5. Regular programming was interrupted to broadcast a special news bulletins.
A B C D
6. Sulfa drugs had been used to treat bacterial infection until penicillin becomes widely
A B C D
available.
7. Plans for both the International Monetary Fund or/ a n d the World Bank were drawn up at
A B C D
the Bretton Woods Conference.
8. Seldom Antarctic icebergs will move far enough north to disturb South Pacific
A B C
shipping lanes.
D
WRITTEN EXPRESSION QUESTIONS (Paper and Computer) 32S
9. In 1958, a largest recorded wave, with a height of 500 meters, occurred in Lituya Bay,
A B C D
Alaska.
10. Exercise in swimming pools is particularly helpful because of the buoyant
A B C
effect water.
D
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills
58—60): Choose the letter of the underlined word or group of
words that is not correct.1. The buffalo and the bison are like except for the size and shape of the head and
A B C D
shoulders.
2. Other interesting aspect of tachistopic training in recent years has been the
A B C
newfound use by professional teams.
D
3. Only about 3 percent of oil wells actually do/ m a k e a profit.
A B C D
4. Dislike sumac with red berries, sumac with white berries is poisonous.
A B C D
5. Pittsburgh has reduced its smog by requiring more complete oxidation of fuel in cars,
A B
and others cities can do the same thing.
C D
6. Alike all other mammals, dolphins have lungs.
A B C D
7. Up to World War II almost all important research in physics had been made/done in
A B
universities, with only university funds for support.
C D
8. Because the plan that was made yesterday is no longer feasible, the manager had to
A B C
choose another alternatives.
D
9. Particles with unlike charges attract each other, while particles with alike charges
A B C
repel each other.
D
10. One another surprising method of forest conservation is controlled cutting of trees.
A B C D
330 STRUCTURE
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1—60): Choose the letter of the word or group of words that best completes the sentence.
1. Wild Bill Hickok for the Union Army during the Civil War by posing as a Confederate officer.
(A) spied (B) spying (C) a spy (D) was spied
2. was unusable as farmland and difficult
