bees of the family hylaeidae

SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS

VOLUME

^101.

NUMBER

⁸

BEES OF THE FAMILY HYLAEIDAE

FROM THE ETHIOPIAN REGION

BY

T. D. A.

COCKERELL

UniversityofColorado

(Publication 3649)

CITY

OF WASHINGTON

PUBLISHED BY

THE SMITHSONIAN

INSTITUTION

FEBRUARY

19,1942

SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS

VOLUME

101.

NUMBER

8

BEES OF THE FAMILY HYLAEIDAE

FROM THE ETHIOPIAN REGION

BY

T.

D

^A.

GOCKERELL

UniversityofColorado

(Publication 3649)

CITY

OF WASHINGTON

PUBLISHED

BY THE SMITHSONIAN

INSTITUTION

FEBRUARY

19,1942

BALTIMOIIE, MD., U.B. A.

BEES OF THE FAMILY HYLAEIDAE FROM THE ETHIOPIAN REGION

By

T. D. a.

COCKERELL

University _of Colorado

INTRODUCTION

The

bees

now

recorded are a part of a collection received

from

the British

Museum,

to

which

they will be returned after the war.

The

^hylaeid bees, with short tongues, are considered primitive,

and

yet are differentiated into

numerous

groups

showing

striking modi- fications.

As

V. B. Popov, of Leningrad, has recently set forth in

some

detail, the holarctic species can be divided into a considerable

number

of groups or subgenera. In Australia

and

Africa, however, there is

much more

diversity,

and

no one has questioned the recogni- tion of several Australian genera, the characters of

which

are (with the exception of

some more

recently described) set forth

by Meade- Waldo

in

Genera

Insectorum, 1923.

However,

the species usually referred to Prosopis or Hylaeits are themselves diverse

and

will

no

doubt eventually be split

up

into a series of genera. _J. C. Bridwell (Proc.

Hawaiian

Ent.

Soc,

vol. _4,

June

1919) has

made

a beginning of this as regards the African species, recognizing a

new

genus Nothylaeus for the species heraldicus, junodi, hraunsi, rubrifacialis, sansibaricus, nyassanus, binotatus, magrettii, gigas, peringueyi,

and

yoruba.

Anylaeus

is a

new

subgenus of Nothylaeus for aberrans

and

dentiferclhis. Metylaeus is a

new

genus for cribratus, catalau- coides,

and

scutispina.

D

eranchylaeus ^isa

new

subgenus of Hylaeus, including the rest of the species of the Ethiopian region.

Thus

while in the related family CoUetidae true Colletes is well represented in South Africa, the Ethiopian region has a peculiar hylaeid fauna of

its

own,

although it is not so distinct as that of Australia.

In

working

over these bees, I have not found it easy to classify

them

into genera

and

subgenera

and

so have recorded as

Hylaeus numerous

species

which

do not belong to that genus in the restricted sense. Following

and

extending the

methods

of Bridwell,

some

student should reclassify the Hylaeidae of the world, including the

numerous

African species

which were unknown

to Bridwell. This undertaking is not

now

possible,

owing

^to the disturbed condition of

Smithsonian MiscellaneousCollections, Vol. 101, No. 8

2

SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS

VOL. lOI

the world,

and

in

any

case it will be difficult to assemble in

any

one place a sufficient collection for the purpose.

I give a ^list of the

names

proposed for African species (excluding those of the Palaearctic portion),

and

a key to the separation of the species discussed in this paper.

NAMES PROPOSED

FOR

AFRICAN

SPECIES

Thosemarkedwithan asteriskaredescribed or recordedinthepresentpaper.

*immarginatusAlfken, 1914 aberrans Bridwell, 1919

abjunctusCockerel!,1936 ahsonulusCockerell, 1936 albonasatus Strand, 1912 alfkeni Friese, 1913

xanthopiis Alfken, 1914

*ameUae,newspecies arnoldiFriese, 1913

*aterrimnsFriese, 191 1

quinqttedentatus Friese atriceps Friese, 191

1

atricepsmajorStrand, 1912 bequaertianus Bridwell, 1919 bevisi Cockerell, 1917 binotatiisAlfken, 1914 braunsi Alfken, 1905 braunsijutnata Strand, 1912 braunsi nigricansFriese, 1913 buyssoui Vachal, 1899

*capicola Alfken, 1914 catalaucoides Bridwell, 1919 clavigera Cockerell, 1936 cribratusBridwell, 1919

*curvicarinatusCameron, 1905 robertianusCameron, 1906

*dentiferellus Strand, 1912 dregei Strand, 191

2

*flaviscutum Alfken, 1914 vanCockerell, 1936 fortis Cockerell, 1936 gabonicus Vachal, 1899 gaulleiVachal gigasFriese, 191

1

graaffi Cockerell, 1936 haygoodiBridwell, 1919 heraldicusSmith, 1853

abyssinica Alfken, 1905 rubriplagiatus Cameron, 1905 heraldicusmaciilipes Cockerell, 1936 heraldicus_rufipictus Strand, 1912

*junodiFriese, 191

1

rufipedoides Strand, 191

1

*junodi montacuti,new variety

*junodirhodesicus, newsubspecies kasindensisCockerell, 1936 krebsianus Strand, 1912 leucoUpp^is Friese, 1913 libericiis Cockerell, 1936 lightfooti Bridwell, 1919 lineaticepsFriese, 1913

*magnificus^,new species magrettii Vachal, 1892

*melanosomaCockerell, 1920

*microstictus,newspecies

*namaquensis, new species

*neavei,new species nyassanus Strand,191

2

ogihneiCockerell, 1932

*perater Cockerell, 1936 perdensus Cockerell, 1936 peringueyi Bridwell, ₁₉₁

9

*pondonis,new species

promontorii Meade-Waldo, 1923 longulusFriese, 1913 (preoccupied)

*proteac,newspecies punctiferusCockerell, 1936 reditusCockerell, 1936 rhodognathusCockerell, 1936 rubrijascialisStrand, 1912 rugicepsFriese, 1921 n(^i/'jmc/aAlfken, 1914 sanctusCockerell, 1936 sansibaricus Strand, 1912 scutispinaAlfken, 1914 simplex Bingham, 1923

simplior Meade-Waldo, 1923

*simpsoni,new species

*simulans,newspecies

*subfortis,new species

NO. 8 BEES OF

THE FAMILY HYLAEIDAE COCKERELL

₃

siibluccns Cockerell, 1936 uelleburgensis Strand, 1912

*subreditus,newspecies ugandictis Cockerell, 1939

tennisAlfken, 1914 *umtalicusCockerell, 1936

tenuisdominae Cockerell,1936 variansCockerell, 1936 tinctulns Cockerell, 1932 *xanthostomaAlfken, 1914 tinctulus extensicornis Cockerell, 1936 yorubaBridwell, 1919

KEY

TO SPECIES DISCUSSED IN

THIS PAPER

Abdomenatleastpartlyred i

Abdomen not atall red 10

1. Clypeus yellow or yellowishwhite,the lateralmargins sometimes dark 2 Clypeus with middlethird,or notmuch more, yellow 7 2. Scutellum entirelyblack; legs and tegulae red neavei, new species

Scutellum with lightspots 3

3. Small species; facemarksyellowish white; postscutellum with two teeth.^..4 Larger species; facemarksyellow; postscutellum unarmed 5 4. First tergitealmost entirelyred (Okahandja) dentiferellus Strand First tergite black, red onlyat sides (Durban) dentiferellus Strand

5. Supraclypeal mark alittlebroader than long

junodirhodesicus,newsubspecies, female

Supraclypealmark much longerthanbroad 6

6. Lowerend of lateral marks contiguous with clypeal yellow

junodirhodesicus,newsubspecies,male Lower end of lateral marks well separated fromclypeal yellow

junodiFriese,male

7. Mesonotumred; nolightspotsonscutellum simpsoni, newspecies

Mesonotum black 8

8. Second abdominal tergitered; sidesofclypeus red

junodirhodesicus,newsubspecies

Secondtergite black,thefirstred 9

9. Supraclypeal markhigherthanbroad junodiv. montacuti, newvariety Supraclypeal marknot higher thanbroad junodi Friese ID.

Abdomen

steelblue magnificus,new species

Abdomen

black 11

1 1. Face with three light stripes 12

Faceall light 15

Clypeal regionandmouth red xanthostoma Alfken

Clypeus black,orwith aminutelight spot 27

12. Supraclypeal markpresent^; larger species 13

Supraclypeal markabsent; smaller species 14

13. Withpairedspineson abdomen aterrimus Friese

Withoutsuchspines pondonis,newspecies

14. Clypeus witha largecuneiform whitemark capicola Alfken Clypeus with onlya light stripe capicola Alfken

15. Largerspecies,about 10

mm.

long 16

Much

smaller 18

16. Lateral facemarkselongateandattenuate above; face paleyellow

fortis Cockerell Lateralfacemarks shorter,notattenuate above;face chromeyellow 17

4 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS

VOL. lOI

17.

A

conspicuous black stripe at each sideofclypeus ugandicus Cockerell Onlyablackdot at eachside of clypeus subfortis,new species 18. Supraclypeal markpresent; scutellum withtwo lightmarks

ameliae,newspecies Supraclypeal mark present; scutellum without lightmarks 19 Supraclypealmark absent; scutellum withoutlightmarks 23

19. Larger^; face orange 20

Smaller^; face white orverypaleyellow 21

20. Upperlevel oforange deeply excavated at insertionofantennae

namaquensis,newspecies

Upperlevel oforangenearlyeven umtalicus Cockerell 21. Upper extensionof lateral marksbroad; flagellum bright red beneath

curvicarinatus Cameron Upperextension of lateralmarks slender;flagellumduskier red 22 22. Wingsdistinctlydusky subreditus,new species

Wings clear flaviscutumAlfken (van Cockerell) 23. Light color of clypeus extending above inner level of lateral marks, simu-

latinga supraclypeal mark immarginatus Alfken

Lightcolor ofclypeus not so extending 24

24. Light color of clypeuslevel with inner corners of lateral marks

immarginatus Alfken

Light color ofclypeusnot thus level 25

25. Legs, at least basitarsi, largely yellow; very near H. varians, but clypeus

much shorter (Port St. John) species

Legs not at allyellow 26

26. Smaller, face narrower; upper end of lateral marks slender (Durban, F.

Muir) species

Larger, facebroader (MosselBay, Turner) species 27. Faceblack, with a large triangular light markateachside

namaquensis,newspecies,female With large lateral marks on upper part of face, and a triangular supra-

clypeal mark proteae, new species

Lateralface markslinear, punctiform, or absent 28 28. Face entirely black in both sexes; scape of male swollen (Abyssinia to

S.Rhodesia) perater Cockerell

Clypeus with a largeshiningpit (female) 29

Clypeus without such apit 30

29. Collar with conspicuous lightmargin microstictus, new species Collarall black; facemarksvery weak subreditus,new species 30. Smaller; facemarks linear, welldeveloped flaviscutumAlfken

Larger; facemarks reducedto smallspots, or absent; wingsdusky melanosomaCockerell

There

isa residue of small dark-faced females, collected

by

Turner, as follows

:

Lateralmarkslinear, welldeveloped i

Lateral marks reducedto smallspots or absent ₃

I. Collar black (as inH. flaviscutum) (Swellendam) sp.

Collaryellowishwhite 2

NO. 8 BEES OF

THE FAMILY HYLAEIDAE COCKERELL

₅

2. Tubercles partly white (Port St. John, Turner, 9) sp.

Tubercles black (Katberg) (Turner, 7) ^sp.

3. (Smaller than H. ^nelanosmna,andwith clear wings)

Frontdull (Katberg; Mossel Bay) ^sp.

Sides of front shining (Worcester; Matjesfontein) sp.

The unnamed

species in this key are, with the exception of the last two, represented

by

single specimens,

and

they are best left

unnamed

for the present.

They

are all small, without striking characters.

NOTHYLAEUS SUBFORTIS, new

species

Male.

— Length

about 10.5

mm.

; robust, black, with no red,

and no

^light

marks

on scutellum^;

labrum

black, mandibles obscurely red- dish at end^; face pale

lemon

^yellow, shining, the yellow including clypeus, supraclypeal inark (which is hat-shaped,

narrowed and

truncate, not at all notched, above),

and

lateral marks,

which form

broadtriangleswiththebase

on

orbit,

and

the inner sidesabout equal

;

frontal keels strong,

somewhat

arched

outward

; antennae entirely black;

mesonotum

dull, very coarsely punctured^; scutellum

moder-

ately shining,with verylargepunctures,

and

a strong

median

groove;

area of metathorax with very coarse irregular rugae;

pronotum

with

two

widelyseparated yellow spots above,

and

alarge part of tubercles yellow; tegulae black^; wings dilute fuliginous^; basal nervure falling short of nervulus^; first recurrent joining first cubital cell

some

dis- tance

from

end, second recurrent going very slightly

beyond

outer intercubitus; legs black, the front tibiae

and

small joints of hind

tarsialittlereddish;

abdomen

veryfinely punctured,theapical

margin

offirsttergite,

and

allofsecond, shining;

no

hairbands;third sternite with a strong curved transverse callus.

East Africa: 150-200 miles west of

Kambove,

3,500-4,500 ^feet, October _15, 1907 ^(S. A. Neave).

Closely allied to A'', fortis Cockerell, but differing

by

the broader,

more

shining face, its color

more

orange, the lateral face

marks

less attenuated above^; the

mesonotum more

robust

and more

coarsely sculptured. TV. fortis

was

described

from

the Belgian Congo, but

Neave

tookthree in the

Bugoma

Forest,

Uganda,

_3,700 feet,

Decem-

ber 1-5, 1911;

and

in the

Mabira

Forest,

Chagwe, Uganda,

3,500- 3,800 ^feet, July 1911, he took one A'', fortis

and

one A^. ugandicus (Cockerell). I described

N.

ugandicus

under

Hylaeus,

and

suggested at thetime thatA^. fortisshould alsobe so referred.

As more

species

come

to light, it is hard to define the genera precisely, but certainly those insects are nearer to

N

^{othylaeus than to typical Hylaeus.}

6 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS

VOL. lOI

NOTHYLAEUS JUNODI

(Friese)

Turner

took both sexes at

Mossel Bay and Queenstown, and

a female at Ceres. In one of the

Mossel Bay

females the clypeal

mark

is broadened at the lower end.

NOTHYLAEUS JUNODI RHODESICUS, new

subspecies

Length

about 7

mm.

; head

and

thorax dull black, the face largely yellow; first tergite red, second obscurely red ⁱⁿ female,

and

red at

extreme

base in male;

two

transverse yellow spots

on

scutellum

;

legs red.

Fetnale (type).

— Labrum and

^{mandibles dull red; face}

marks

^dull

yellow; clypeus yellow with a broad red

band down

each side;

supraclypeal

mark

^large,

somewhat

broader than long^; lateral face

marks

running about

halfway up

sidesof front,the

upper end

^greatly

narrowed

; antennae red, the scapewith a yellow line in front, flagel-

lum dusky

above; vertex dull, but a shining spot above each eye

;

pronotum

red, including tubercles, but ^collar yellow; scutellum shining, but

mesonotum

dull; area of metathorax large, coarsely sculptured only ^at basal middle; tegulae red;

wings

clear, stigma

and

nervures

brown

; basal nervure falling short of nervulus; first recurrent nervure joining first submarginal cell

some

distance before end; first

and

second tergites with a

band

of white pubescence

on

each side of apical margin.

The

yellow spots

on

scutellum are sepa- rated

by

alinear interval.

Male.

—

^{Similar but}

more

^slender; clypeus pale yellow with a black bar

on

eachside, failingatlowerend, so that the clypeal yellow meets the lateral

marks

; supraclypeal

mark much

longer than broad; scape entirely red^;

abdomen

withouttubercles, the venter shining.

South Rhodesia

(Matabeleland) ;

Lonely Mine (H.

Swale).

Both

sexes taken

June

^{i, the} type male,

June

4, 1913. I separated this

from

A'', junodi (Friese) as follows:

Clypeus yellow except at sides i

Clypeus with middle^third, or notmuchmore, yellow ₃

1. Supraclypeal markalittle broader than long

junodi rhodesicus Cockerell (type), female

Supraclypeal mark longer than broad 2

2. Lowerend of lateral marks ^contiguous with clypealyellow

junodi rhodesicusCockerell, male Lower end of lateral marks well separated from clypeal yellow

junodi (Friese), male

3. Secondtergite red; sides ofclypeus red..junodi rhodesicusCockerell, female

Secondtergiteblack; firstred ₄

NO. 8 BEES OF

THE FAMILY HYLAEIDAE COCKERELL

7

4. Supraclypeal markhigher than broad (Montagu)

junodi (Friese), male, var. montacuii, new variety

Supraclypeal marknot higher than broad 5

5. Clypeal markgreatlybroadenedatlowerend (Mossel Bay)

junodi (Friese), female Clypeal mark not broadened at lower end (Queenstown, Ceres, Mossel

Bay) ^junodi (Friese), female

The Montagu N.

junodi male, taken

by Turner

ⁱⁿ September, has the face

marks cream

color,

and

the clypeuswith a broad black

band down

each side; the

marks on

scutellum are rather widely separated.

The

^third sternite of the

abdomen

has a strong transverse thicken- ing, of

which

there are only faint indications in the other

N.

junodi.

N.

junodi

was

originally based

on

the female,

from

Shilouvane in the Transvaal. Strand's A'', rufipedoides (not rufipedioidcs, as Brid- well has it) appears to be the same, so far as the description shows.

He had

males

from "Kapland" and

a female

from Langenburg, Lake

Nyasa.

NOTHYLAEUS DENTIFERELLUS

(Strand)

This

was

described

from

a

male from Delagoa

Bay.

The

^first ab- dominal segment is described as red, with the sides of the

dorsum

blackened.

Three

taken

by Turner

at

Okahandja, on

the opposite side of the continent, have the middle of the

dorsum

blackened pos- teriorly.

One from Durban,

Natal, July 31, 1916 (C.

M.

Barker), has the first tergite black except at extreme sides,

where

it is red.

More

material

may

suggest the recognition of one or

more

subspecies.

HYLAEUS UMTALICUS

(Cockerell)

Nyasaland; Mlanje,

May

24, 1913, one male (S. A. Neave).

This

was

described under Nothylaeus, but the mandibles are not as in that genus.

The

present specimen differs

from

the type in the clearer wings,

and

the first recurrent nervure ending

some

distance before the end of first cubital cell.

HYLAEUS AMELIAE, new

species

Male.

— Length

^about

4 mm.,

^anterior

wing

a little over 3

mm.

;

black, with face, collar (interrupted in middle), tubercles,

and two

transverse

marks on

scutellum

creamy

white; clypeus long; supra- clypeal

mark

well developed, subquadrate, extending between anten- nae; lateral face

marks

broad above, ending in a point

on

orbital

margin

halfway

up

front; antennae ferruginous,

dusky

above; scape pyriform; a

smooth

shining

band

at outer side of lateral ocelli;

8 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS

VOL. lOI

mesonotum

dull, very coarsely punctured; area of metathorax very coarsely sculptured, the ridges shining^; tegulae palered, with a white spot;

wings

hyaline, faintly dusky, stigma

and

nervures

brown

; basal nervure falling alittle short of nervulus, ^first recurrent nervure join- ing first cubital cell not far

from

end; legs red with a blackish suf- fusion, front legs with a large white

mark

on basal half,

and

the basitarsi white;

abdomen

^{mainly dull,} but ^first tergite polished; hind

margins

of first

two

tergites with fringes of white hair, interrupted inmiddle.

Portuguese East Africa: Porto

Amelia

(F.

V.

Beste).

Perhaps

to go in Nothylaeus, but not a typical

member

of that genus. It will be

known by

the very small size, wherein it resembles

H.

melanosoifui (Cockerell), but the antennae are not as long as in that species,

and

the

markings

are very difTerent.

From

various small species it is

known by

the spots

on

the scutellum.

The

micro- scope

shows

that the supraclypeal

mark

is trilobed at upper end,

and

the mandibles are red.

The

trilobed upper

end

of supraclypeal

mark

recalls

H.

dentiferellus (Strand).

HYLAEUS MICROSTICTUS, new

species

Female.

— Length

^{nearly 7}

mm.

^{; black, including legs, but with}

white

markings

as follows, rather broad bands along inner orbits, the lower

end

about level with lower

end

of eye, the upper rather less than

halfway up

front, strong

band on

collar, interrupted in middle,

and

largespot on theotherwise black tegulae; tubercles black, the

margin

ciliate with short white hairs; liagellum obscure reddish beneath; face broad; clypeus with a shining transverse well-defined semilunar depression,

and on

each side of it an obtuse longitudinal ridge; front dull^; vertex alittle shining, well punctured;

mesonotum and

scutellum dullish (not atallpolished), very closely

and

minutely punctured; metathoraxentirely dull, the area rugulose; wings dusky, stigma

and

nervui"es

brown

; basal nervure meeting nervulus; first recurrent ending

some

distance before

end

of the very long first cubital cell;

abdomen

shining, with a short

band

of white hair sub- laterally

on

each side of

margin

of first

and

second tergites; first tergite very finely punctured.

Cape

Province; Mossel Bay,

March-

April 1930,

and

October 26- 31, 1933, three specimens (R. E. Turner, _7, in part).

Belongs to the

H.

dregei group,

and

is easily distinguished by the finely punctured first tergite, white

band

on collar,

dusky

wings,

and

black tubercles.

H.

lineaticeps (Friese), of

which

^I possess only the

NO. 8 BEES OF

THE FAMILY HYLAEIDAE COCKERELL 9

male, has yellow markings,

and

^{the thorax above evidently shining.}

The

^female

H.

lineaticepshasthe collar entirely black.

HYLAEUS CURVICARINATUS

^(Cameron)

Cape

Province: Swellendam,

November

1933, 3 males (R. E.

Turner).

HYLAEUS NEAVEI, new

species

Male.

— Length

^about

9 mm.

^; robust, black, with the face dull pale orange,

and

the sides

and

base of first tergite broadly red^; the tu- bercules,legs,extreme

apex

of

abdomen, and

subapical region beneath, also red; tegulae shining clear red; wingsclear hyaline, stigma dilute brown.

Face

broad^; supraclypeal

mark

quadrate, broader than long

;

lateral

marks

attenuate above,

coming

to a sharp point not on orbit

;

antennae red, the flagellum

dusky

above;

mesonotum

dullish, coarsely punctured; scutellum shining between the large punctures, contrast- ing with

mesonotum

^; area of metathorax coarsely wrinkled, but shining; posterior face of metathorax with a conspicuous shining channel in middle; basal nervure falling short of nervulus; first recurrent meeting intercubitus; second recurrent joining second cubital cell a little before end^;

abdomen

dullish; first tergite with an apical

band

of white

tomentum

on each side; third sternite with a pair of sublateral ridges; sixth red, with prominent corners.

East Africa: Southeast slopes of

Mount Kenya,

6,000-7,000 feet,

February

3-12, 1911 (S. A. Neave).

Closely alHed to the

much

^smaller bevisi (Cockerell),

from

Natal, but the

mesonotum

is

much more

coarsely punctured than in that insect.

These

bees should perhaps

go

ⁱⁿ Nothylaeus.

HYLAEUS MAGNIFICUS, new

species

Male.

— Length

^about9.5

mm.

; ratherslender, with long antennae

;

head, thorax,

abdomen,

femora,

and

tibiae bright steel blue, or per- haps better described as purple;

mouth

parts typical for

Hylaeus;

clypeus with a large conical creamy-white mark, varying

much

in size; antennae black, the flagellum obscurely

brownish

beneath

;

thorax without light

markings

;

mesonotum

dull

and

finely punc- tured; scutellum

more

shining, but still finely punctured; area of metathoraxlarge, poorly defined, appearing rugulose; tegulae purple

;

wings variably dusky, sometimes quite dark; basal nervure falling a little short of nervulus; first recurrent nervure joining first cubital

lO

SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS

VOL. lOI

cell a variable distance

from end

;

abdomen

shining, v^^ithout hair -bands;venter simple.

East Africa^: East foot

and

slopes of

Aberdare

Mountains, 7,000- 8,500 ^feet,

February

24-27, 1911 (S.A.

Neave).

Very

distinct

by

^its purple color,

which

recalls

some

of the Australian Hylaeidae.

Four

specimens

were

collected.

HYLAEUS ATERRIMUS

(Friese)

Pondoland

^: Port St. John,

two

females, October _1923, one male

January

1924. (R. E. Turner, _3).

One

female is labeled

"on

Protea, 1,200 feet." I have female

H.

aterrhnus

from Bulawayo and Hope

Fountain,

South

Rhodesia,

from

the Rhodesia

Museum.

HYLAEUS PONDONIS, new

species

Male.

— Length

^about 7

mm.

^{; in}

most

respects exactlylike

H.

ater- rimus, but less robust^; the third sternite with a strong dentiform process ⁱⁿ the middle, but the paired processes, above

and

below, entirely lacking_; pale clypeal

band

very slender, its upper

end

not nearly as

wide

as base of supraclypeal

mark

^{; lateral} face

marks more

slender above; scutellum

more

shining.

Pondoland:

Port St. John,

October

1923 (R. E. Turner).

According

toAlfken,

and

I believe correctly, theProsopis quinque- dentata Friese is to be considered the true

male

of

H.

aterrimus.

The

male

which

Friese doubtfully referred to

H.

aterrhnus is prob- ably

H.

pondonis.

But

^itwillbenoticed that at Port St. John,

Turner

took female

H.

aterrimus

and male H.

pondonis in October; male aterrimus (agreeing with Prosopis quinquedentata) in January. Is

it possible that

we

have

two

species, easily separated in the male, but alike in the female sex?

HYLAEUS CAPICOLA

(Alfken)

Male.

— About

4.5

mm.

long; black, with very long antennae, the flagellum obscurely reddish beneath; eyes large,

and

orbits strongly converging

below

; clypeus dull white, with a broad black

band down

each side;

no

supraclypeal

mark

^; lateral face

marks

well developed, but narrow, bandlike, widely separated

from

clypeal

mark; labrum and

mandibles black;

mesonotum

finely punctured,

somewhat

shin- ing;

no

light

markings on

thorax; tegulae black;

wings

grayish, iridescent; legs black, tarsi brownish, a light stripe on front tibiae;

abdomen

narrow, shining.

NO. 8 BEES OF

THE FAMILY HYLAEIDAE COCKERELL

II

Female.

— About

^6.5

mm.

^{long; clypeus with a slender}

median

stripe; lateral

marks

long slender bands, not diverging

from

orbits

;

collar yellowish white,

and

tubercles

margined

with the

same

color;

first

and

second tergites with slight marginal hair bands at sides.

The

^{flagellum is} obscure

brown

beneath.

The

stigma is black,

and

the nervures are dark.

Pondoland:

Port St. John, ^females, January, April,

and May,

1924; ^male,

June

1923 (Turner).

The

male resembles

H. melanosoma

(Cockerell) closely, differing

by

the broad black

band

along each side of clypeus.

The

female is easily

known from H.

fnelanosoma

by

^{the three} stripes

on

face.

Alfken knew

only the female.

HYLAEUS SIMPSONI, new

species

Female.

— Length

^about

8 mm.

^{; robust,}

head

(including antennae), thorax,

abdomen, and

legs light ferruginous; face

marks

dull

cream

color, as follows: broad

median

stripe

on

clypeus, broadest at upper end, supraclypeal mark, broader than long, long but

narrow

lateral face marks, extending far

up

sides of front,

and

a small transverse

mark on

each sideof clypeus near margin, contiguous with thelower

end

of clypeal

mark

(which is curved

under

eye), but not reaching

median band

^{; collar} pale yellow, but tubercles red; scutellum with- out light

marks

^; mandibles shining, very broad, the

apex

sharply pointed but not

much

elongate; front

and mesonotum

dull, scutel-

lum

shining; postscutellum large^; area of metathorax not very large, wrinkled at base^; tegulae red^; wings hyaline, stigma red; basal nervure falling short of nervulus^{; first recurrent} nervure meeting intercubitus; firsttergite with a conspicuous

band

of white

tomentum

at each side before

margin

^; broad margins of second

and

third tergites pallid with fine pubescence.

Gambia:

Bathurst,

March

_3, 1911 (J. J.

Simpson).

Perhaps this should go in Nothylaeus, but it is not typical of that genus. I

wondered

whether the

uniform

red color could be due to immaturity, but there is

no

evidence of this. Aside

from

the red color,

which

is unique, the

markings

suggest Nothylaeit^ junodi (Friese), though differing in detail; for example, there are light

marks on

the scutellum of

N.

junodi.

HYLAEUS PROTEAE, new

species

Male.

— Length

7.5 to

9 mm.

^{; black with}

no

red,

and no

spots

on

scutellum^; clypeus shining black, with middle of upper part de-

12

SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS

VOL. lOI

pressed^; face

marks

white; supraclypeal

mark

triangular, well de- veloped; lateral face

marks

broad at level of upper end of clypeus,

narrowed

to an obtuse point above, below abruptly narrowed,

and

ending in a hooklike point next to upper part of clypeus, or

coming

to anacute angle below; scape enormous, globose, intense black, shin- ing; flagellum dull orange beneath, black above;

mesonotum and

scutellum shining, well punctured; area of metathorax strongly wrinkled; collar white, but tubercles black; tegulae black, with a large white spot;

wings

hyaline, faintly dusky, stigma very dark

brown

; basal nervure falling short of nervulus; first recurrent nervure meeting intercubitus; legs black;

abdomen

with first

two

tergites shining, the third duller;

margin

of first tergite with white hair at sides;

no

dorsal tubercles, but third sternite produced into a large (but variable) flaplike structure.

Pondoland:

Port St. John, lo specimens (R. E. Turner).

The

holotype is

marked "on

Protea, 1,200 feet," October 1923.

All

were

taken in October, except one in

January

1924. Related to

H.

aterrimus (Friese), but differing greatly in the structure of the

abdomen. The

face

markings

recall

H.

uelleburgensis Strand.

HYLAEUS NAMAQUENSIS, new

species

Female

(type).

— Length

^about

6 mm.;

^{black, the face all black}

except a large broadly triangular

mark on

each side at level of upper

end

of clypeus; flagellum red beneath^; collar narrowly

margined

with white, but tubercles black; hind tibiae with a large yellowish- white

mark

near base; front tibia reddish in front,

and

with a pale spotat base^; second

and

following tergites with bands of pure white hair.

Head

broad; clypeus strongly punctured, conspicuously shin- ing at sides;

mesonotum and

scutellum polished

and

strongly punc- tured; postscutellum shining, but metathorax entirely dull^; tegulae subhyaline, with a light spot;

wings

clear hyaline, stigma

and

nervures

brown

^; basal nervure meeting nervulus; first recurrent nervure meeting intercubitus;

abdomen

shining, first tergite duller

and

strongly punctured, contrasting with the second.

Male.

— Length

^about 5.5

mm.; more

slender;

labrum and

mandi- bles black, but face entirely

lemon

yellow, with a large

and

very long supraclypeal mark,

and

broad lateral

marks

ending very obtusely about

halfway up

sides of front; scape with a slight spot at

end

;

basitarsi white,

and

small joints pale reddish; tubercles black as in the female.

NO. 8 BEES

OF THE FAMILY HYLAEIDAE COCKERELL

I3

South-West

Africa: Aus, January 1930, ¹¹ females, 10 females (R. E. Turner, 10).

Compared

with

H.

curvicarinatus

(Cameron)

the

male

has the lateral face

marks much

broader above,

and

the supraclypeal

mark much

longer.

H.

promontorii

(Meade-Waldo) and H.

alfkeni

(Friese) have the female face all black.

HYLAEUS FLAVISCUTUM

(Alfken)

H. vau

Cockerell, 1936, ^is the male of this species.'

Turner

collected nine females

and

five males at Aus,

December

1929,

and

a female at Aliwal North, January 1923.

HYLAEUS IMMARGINATUS

^(Alfken)

Lion's

Head, Cape Town,

both sexes,

May

1920 (Turner).

Two

of the males have the light color of clypeus extending above the inner level of lateral marks, thus simulating a supraclypeal mark.

Apparently this is only a variety.

HYLAEUS MELANOSOMA

(Cockerell)

Pondoland:

Port St. John,

May,

June, July, August,

December,

1923 (R. ^E. Turner).

Described

from Durban and Knysna;

Port St.

John

^{is between} these localities.

HYLAEUS PERATER

(Cockerell)

This

was

described

from

Tshibinda, Belgian Congo, but

was

also taken in

South

Rhodesia.

The

following description ^is based on specimens

from

Abyssinia,

and

^{gives details concerning} the structure of the male, not given in the original account.

Male.

— Length

^{about 5.5}

mm.,

^anterior

wing

^4.7; entirely black, including legs, antennae,

and

tegulae^;

wings

dilute brownish, clear at base, stigma dark

brown;

face broad, but eyes strongly converg- ing below; clypeus long, strongly punctured,

narrowed

above; scape strongly swollen

and

highly polished;

mesonotum

minutely punc- tured, dull, a little shining

on

disk,

and

with three short shining lines; scutellum well punctured, shining; postscutellum large, with a

few

long hairs ^at each side^; area of metathorax with strong

wavy

rugae; posterior truncation dull, with a cuneiform shining area in middle^; basal nervure falling a little short of nervulus; first recur- rent joining apical corner of first cubital cell^;

abdomen

dullish, very

14

SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS

VOL. lOI

minutely punctured, with a marginal ^{fringe of} white hair, notalways present, at sides of first tergite.

The

black of the

abdomen

seems tohaveaslightbluish tint, so slightas tobepossibly illusory.

Female.

— Somewhat

^larger

and more

^{robust, the scape normal;}

flagellum very faintly

brownish

beneath.

Abyssinia^;

two

males

and

a female.

Donated by

R. E. Turner, but evidently notcollected

by

him.

•

HYLAEUS SIMULANS, new

species

Female.

— Length

^nearly 7

mm.

; black, with white

markings

as follows:

narrow

lateral bands along orbits, a small spot in middle of lowerpart of clypeus in holotype,but notin the others, continuous

band on

collar,

and

spot

on

^tegulae; tubercles black, the

margin

ciliate;

wings

dusky, basal nervure falling a trifle short of nervulus, first recurrent meeting intercubitus. This is part of Turner's

No.

_7,

which

also includes

H.

microstictus.

The two

species

do

^at first sight

seem

to be very

much

alike, but the present insect lacks the clypealpit

and

has a

narrower

^face.

As

in

H.

microstictus, the front tergite is very minutely punctured.

The

clypeal spot suggests

H. immarginatus

(Alfken),

which

differs at once

by

^{the black collar,}

and

the distinctly shining

mesonotum,

with strong well-separated punctures.

Cape

Province:

Mossel Bay

(type ^{locality), six,}

March

1922,

March-April

1932, April 1933 (R. E.

Turner)

; Katberg, 4,000 feet,

November

14-26, 1932 (Turner).

HYLAEUS SUBREDITUS, new

species

Female.

— Length

^about6.7

mm.

^; black, robust, with a large trans- verse shining clypeal pit;

no

^light

markings

anywhere, except short lateral

marks

next to orbits at level of antennae,

and

a small spot

on

tegulae;

wings

dusky. In almost all respects this agrees with

H.

redi- tus Cockerell^; it has the first tergite excessively minutely

and

closely punctured,

and

a conspicuous line of white hairs sublaterally

on margin

of first

and

second tergites. It is larger

and more

robust than

H.

reditus,

and

the

mesonotum and

scutellum, seen

from

above, are entirely dull,

whereas

in

H.

reditus the sides of disk of scutellum,

and

corresponding areas

on

hind part of

mesonotum

are polished

and

shining.

The

sides of the metathorax are dull.

Cape

Province:

Somerset

East,

November

1930 (R. E.

Tur-

ner, 12).

NO.

8

^{BEES OF}

THE FAMILY HYLAEIDAE — COCKERELL

1 5

In additiontothetype, there isanother likeit,

and

athird, smaller, specimen, with clearer wings. This last looks

much more

like

H.

reditus, but it is not that species,

and

for the present I regard it

(as did

Turner)

as a variation of

H.

subreditus.

Turner

has given the

same number

(12) ^{to a} male

from

Somerset East,

November

1930,

and

I accept it as the male of

H.

subreditus, without

any more

proof than the general similarity, the identical date,

and

Turner's opinion. It is about 5.5

mm.

long, with dusky, highlyiridescentwings. In

my

table in

American Museum

Novitates,

No.

847, p. 9, 1936, ^it runs to

H.

abjunctus Cockerell, having the face

creamy

white,

and

the hind tibiae black.

The

first abdominal sternite, seen in lateral view,

shows

a strong protuberance.

From H.

abjunctus it differs thus: inner corners of ^lateral face

marks

op- posite middle of supraclypeal

mark;

flagellum very obscurely red- dish beneath;

mesothorax and

scutellum hardly shining, the punc- turesnot evident

under

alens;basitarsi not white.

The

basal nervure nearly meets the intercubitus,

and

the first recurrent joins the first cubital cell near the end.

The

tegulae are entirely black, the scape

is swollen, but not excessively so,

and

is very finely punctured at upper end.

The

microscope

shows

the

mesonotum

to be strongly, extremely densely, punctured, the punctures tending to run in trans- verse lines. If this is

H.

subreditus, it appears to belong with the smaller variety,

which

^it superficially resembles very closely.

HYLAEUS XANTHOSTOMA

(Alfken)

Female.

— Length

^about 5

mm.

^{; slender, black,} with the clypeus

and

the region of the

mouth

red, not yellow as the

name

given

by

Alfken would

imply.

The

type locality is

Sunday

River in

South

Africa.

Turner

took six females at

Okahandja, December

1927

and

March

1928.

The same

species has been reported

from

the Belgian

Congo and

Nigeria.

The male

is described

from

Stanleyville;

no

South African males

have

been seen.

One

female

was

taken

by

Turner

^at Umtata, Transkei,

February-March

1923. This has an altitude of 2,300 feet.