Plant species diversity in the ecological species groups in the Kandelat Forest Park, Guilan, North of Iran. The study of plant communities of Qilianshan Mountains in China in the gradient of different heights and on the northern slope, 8 ecosystem units were identified. Ecological groups were classified in the Afratakhteh in Iran and the relationship between species groups and plant diversity indices was investigated.
Ecological species groups were determined in the forests of eastern Noshahr, Iran, and percent slope was the most important variable among physiographic factors (Taleshi 2004). ANOVA results of diversity indices and topographic variables between groups and mean and standard error of diversity indices and physiographic variables in the study area. Topographic factors have also been introduced as important factors in the distribution of alpine vegetation in the mountains of New Zealand (Mark et al. 2000).
2003) identified species groups in forests of northwestern Michigan and expressed the absence of trees as indicator species in the groups located in the northern aspects (where most of the groups were present) due to the low number of tree species. This group had the highest species richness in the least humid aspects (probably southern or western aspects). Baruch (2005) considered important effects of altitude and physiographic changes in the ecological species groups in oak forests.
Determination of Plant Ecological Groups in the Beech Forest of Siahkle, East Guila, Iran, Ecol Environ Conserv.
Returning biodiversity of rehabilitated forest on a coal mined site at Tanjung Enim, South Sumatra
The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (Table 5) showed an increasing trend in tree diversity and on the contrary within soil species diversity. The soil pH was relatively low; however, the reference site in the Tanjung Enim area showed pH of four to five, which means that the area is somewhat covered by acidic soil. The present results suggest that different soil nutrients increase with different successional pathways in the rehabilitated mine sites, although this conclusion needs to be experimentally demonstrated.
The development of structural and functional characteristics of the rehabilitated forest at the Tanjung Enim mine site was more advanced at the older/mature rehabilitated sites. The current results suggest the need for further research into the resilience of rehabilitated mine sites. In: Mulligan D (ed) Environmental management in the Australian mineral and energy industries: principle and practices.
Rehabilitation of mines to achieve land use objectives: bauxite mining in the Jarrah Forest of Western Australia. Using functional trajectories to track constructed salt marsh development in the Great Bay estuary, Maine/New Hampshire, USA.
Predictive model of Amorphophallus muelleri growth in some agroforestry in East Java by multiple regression analysis
It should be noted that crown pruning is only possible with the permission of the Perhutani Agency, as it was feared that this would reduce the productivity of the stands. Therefore, it is possible to increase the percentage of radiation also by growing in a location where the distance between the stands is not too tight and the canopy of the stand is not dense. However, research results by Sumarwoto (2004) explain that addition of 20 tonnes of lime (Ca)/ha can also increase soil pH from 4.55 to 5.99.
Moreover, the Ca content in the soil can be optimized so that CEC is optimal, such as Sugihwaras Village. The regression model showed that age, monthly temperature, radiation rate and soil Ca content simultaneously or partially determined the growth of A. Moreover, the soil Ca content should reach 25.3 me.hg-1, like Sugihwaras agroforestry, with a maximum radiation of 60%.
Correlation analysis and path coefficient of agronomic character on the chemical composition of iles-iles (Amorphophallus variabilis) corm. Modeling the growth of tuber Amorphophallus onchophyllus in some agroforestries in East Java using smart PLS. International Symposium on Root and Tuber Plants of the International Society for Horticultural Science, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 25 April 2005.
Effect of lime (dolomite) on shape, size and density of calcium oxalate in porangi leaf. The relationship of environmental factors of orange (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) habitat in five agroforestries in East Java in relation to corm oxalate content. A model of the relationship between climate and soil factors related to oxalate content in carrot corm (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume).
The effect of liming and bulb sizes on the growth of iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleriBlume) in high level Alexc soil. Southeast Asia Symposium on Quality and Safety of Fresh and Fresh Cut Produce of International Society for Horticultural Science, Bangkok, Thailand, 29 October 2010.
Population density and distribution of Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) in Central Java, Indonesia
This was observed in Mount Slamet (Curug gomblang, Pancuran Pitue, Gunung Malang, in Sigugur and Semangkung Mlaya), while in the area of Mount Dieng we observed a gibbon in a pine (Pinus mercusii) plantation. Average. Spiders were a significant cause of mortality in eggs and young larvae, while in older larvae of S. The pupa was collected from the field and kept in a plastic vial in the laboratory until the parasitoid emerged.
Mortality of fifth instar larvae in DS, SWS and PWS was higher than in other stages. Mortality of first and second instar larvae in SWS and PWS was lower than that of third and fourth instars. In contrast, the mortality of the first and second ages in DS was higher than that of the third and fourth ages (Table 1).
Papilio demoleus in the tropical fruit plantation, Tasek Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia due to several factors. Variation in the amount of predation was closely related to the size of the larval instars. Host plant quality can also affect the survival of P. demoleus larvae in the SWS and PWS.
Papilio demoleus had the highest survival in the primary wet season (PWS), while the lowest survival was observed in the dry season (DS). In the Hawaiian Islands, local people recognize the ahupua; a concept of traditional natural resource management that includes all elements of the island's landscape, from oceans, coasts to mountain peaks. Numerous development initiatives and changes in the surrounding regions have exposed Serampa to a modern lifestyle.
The study was conducted at the Seramp Association in Merangin District, Jambi (Sumatra), Indonesia (Figure 1). A small percentage of the Serampa population grows rice in paddy fields, especially in villages with quite extensive swampland, such as in the village of Renah Kemumu. HARIYADI –Conservation of the Serampas, Jambi 43 Of all the villages in the Serampas region, Renah.
From an ecological point of view, the law allows the acquisition of seedlings to maintain the durian population in the village. Managing resources in stressful life situations; Changing Livelihoods and Management in Kerinci Seblat National Park Conservation Area, Kerinci District, Sumatra.
The relationships of forest biodiversity and rattan jernang
Deamonorops draco) sustainable harvesting by Anak Dalam tribe in Jambi, Sumatra
Comparison of Deamonorops draco clumps in the wild and from plantations in all Anak Dalam tribal villages in Batanghari, Sarolangun, East Tanjung Jabung Districts, Jambi Province. Depending on altitude, the location of the site, which is in the lowlands (20 m above sea level), may increase rattan populations. Price differences were not only related to resin production, but also to the availability of rattan.
For example, a low population in Batanghari (Figure 2) could lead to a decrease in resin production and therefore led to the higher price compared to other towns, considering the high demand. The disparity of resin production between villages was also related to the differences in harvesting skills among the members of Anak Dalam tribes. According to Banjade and Paudel (2008), traditionally knowledge that is available locally is usually kept in the minds of a limited number of tribal members and is not shared with the next generations.
Therefore, numerous tree species found in the forests were related to the tribal activities emphasized in NTFP harvesting. Significant income from rattan resin has led to the protection of trees rather than logging. The current biodiversity of trees related to the forest harvested for rattan in this study is consistent with research by Garcia-Fernandes and Cascado (2005).
According to Banjade et al. 2003), the sustainability of non-timber forest products depends on the frequency and timing of harvest. Today, the main threats to rattan jernang are related to the logging of host species. For example, the low population density in Batanghari could lead to a decrease in resin production and therefore a higher price.
It is therefore important that basic research contributes to the development and implementation of long-term NTFP. The relationship between woody biodiversity and use of non-timber forest products in the savanna biome of South Africa. Names of journals must be abbreviated according to the ISSN List of Title Word Abbreviations (www.issn.org/2-22661-LTWA-online.php).
