The author focuses only on the subtitle that used figurative language in film script "Before sunrise". The restriction focused on the types of figurative language and the Acceptable of translation in screenplay "Before sunrise". The author hopes that the research can help to better understand figurative language translation, especially for students of the English Language Curriculum. However, because one of the keywords is contained within the other keywords, the author only has four main areas to explain and discuss in this section. The focus is on comparative language, translation, narrative and the film Before Sunrise.
The translation section contains the word acceptable. The writer will develop a theory for each focus in this section. Metaphors, according to Newmark (1988), serve two purposes: cognitive and artistic. The cognitive is used to demonstrate a state, an idea, someone, a thing or a characteristic. Translation is an attempt to replace the text in the source language with the correct text in the target language and its meaning, which is the work of the author (Catford, 1965 in Machali, 2009:25).
A faithful translation is a translation that presents in a good structure the exact background of the meaning of the source language in the target language. For example, when translating medical books from English to Indonesian, the translator must be able to match the meanings in the source language with the target language and use medical terms in the translation because the audience or recipients of the target language are experts. in the field of medicine. Based on these ten factors, we can see that a translation should match the meaning of the source language with the target language.
Translators should be aware of the words that can be translated from the source language into the target language.
Subtitling
The words and illustrations must be words and illustrations that are commonly used in the target language. The translation is classified as ideal-acceptable (I-Acc) if it meets all three criteria: Accurate (A), Clear (C) and Natural (N). The translation, on the other hand, will be graded as Failed (F) because it does not meet any of the criteria.
Interlingual is a type of subtitling that involves two languages, namely the source language and the target language. Pay attention to the time frame of the appearance of the subtitle, which is based on the time code (time size hh:mm:ss:ff). The appearance of the subtitles largely depends on the determination of the in-point and out-point timecode.
Sentence fragmentation must be considered and pay attention to grammar and logic in one sentence. The names of the director, producer, actor and crew that appear in the opening and closing credits do not need to be translated 8. Lyrics are only translated if they are part of the content of the film, if they are just part of the illustrations, they does not need to be translated.
12. Expressions and proverbs should not be translated literally, but look for their Indonesian equivalent. The subtitle has space and time limitations, so it has a direct impact on the final result. According to Gottlieb (1992), the limitation of space is determined by the line and character of subtitles.
Captions should be no more than two lines long and centered at the bottom of the screen without interfering with the picture. Before Sunrise is a romantic drama film and the first part of the Before Trilogy directed by Richard Linklater. The casting was extensive; It took Hawke and Delpy nine months to cast, with the pair also contributing uncredited rewrites.
Previous Researches
The data was analyzed using pure structuralism approach, focused on the types and the meanings of the figurative language. The result of this research showed that there are respectively seven types of figurative language in the lyric: Repetition 36%, Hyperbole 32%, Metaphor 12%, Pleonasm 8%, Personification 4%, Dispersonification 4% and Onomatopoeia 4%. The author found some types of figurative language in the short story; these are personification, simile, symbol and onomatopoeia.
Personification is one type of figurative language that is mostly found in the short story published on the Jakarta Post website. Figurative language can include many words and phrases, and there are several types of figurative language. The writer then classifies the data using McKenzie's theory of figurative language to support this.
The results of this paper show that there are many types of figurative language in Kelly Darrow's selected poetry. A study on figurative language covering simile, metaphor, personification and symbol in poem” by Raisa, Sudarsono, & Rufinus (2017). Therefore, the students' ability to show the expressions of figurative language is categorized as "Average to Good".
From the calculation, the students' mean score for mentioning the function of figurative language is 55.71, therefore this result is categorized as "Poor to Average". By observing the figurative language in a song lyric titled "Red" by Taylor Swift, this study aims to (1) find out forms of figurative language and (2) analyze the appropriate intention of the figurative language of Taylor Swift's song. It also reveals that the imagery used in this song is to deliver her deepest feeling.
The use of figurative language in this song is very dominant, which can provide the reader with knowledge to know the type of figurative language. This study focuses on the use of a figurative language and categorizes it according to the types and describes the meaning of the figurative language itself. The researcher chose five poems with interesting titles and famous works by Emily Dickinson and used an intrinsic approach to understand the meaning of figurative language in each poem. The data was collected from Emily Dickinson's poems and focused on the figurative language.
In his book, he also describes types of figurative language such as personification, metaphor, simile, symbol, synecdoche, metonymy, etc. Second, the importance of figurative language used by Emily Dickinson in her poems generally described Emily Dickinson's life experience.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- The Research Method
- Source of The Data
- The Technique of Collecting Data
- The Technique of Analyzing Data
The advantages are as follows: "Efficient method, availability, cost-effectiveness, lack of intrusiveness, stability, accuracy and coverage." Document analysis not only has advantages, but it also has limitations. According to Bowen, the limitations of document analysis are "insufficient detail, low retrievability and biased selectivity". The purpose of the research is a movie directed by Richard Linklater, titled Before Sunrise.
The author analyzes the figurative language translation in the film using a script from www.scripts.com. The author downloaded the movie, the movie script and the Indonesian subtitle which will be analyzed from the Internet. The writer will watch the movie with subtitles to help the writer understand it better.
The writer copied the subtitle data from the subtitle provider's media for further analysis. In addition to watching the Before Sunrise movie with subtitles, the writer also used an unofficial transcript of the movie to easily get the data. The writer identified the figurative language and type of figurative language from the transcript. The author classified figurative language using Keraf's theory and entered the data in Table 3.1 on the type of figurative language using Keraf's theory (2010).
The writer obtained the Indonesian figurative language subtitle from www.Subscene.com and used Larson's theory to determine whether the translations were acceptable or not. Based on Larson's theory, the writer will collect data by entering it in Table 3.2 regarding the translation of acceptability. To ensure the validity of the data, the writer enlisted the help of language and translation experts to check and validate the data.
