Speech acts are part of speech events, and speech events are part of speech situations. Speech acts are a form of language that has an important function for humans, especially the communicative function. Therefore, what is prioritized in locutionary speech acts is the content of the speech expressed by the speaker.
Illocutionary speech acts are speech acts that contain the power to perform certain actions in relation to saying something. Speech actions performed by the speaker with the intention that the interlocutor perform the action mentioned in the utterance. Speech functions in the form of a speech function to express or show the psychological attitude of the speaker towards a situation, for example, thanking, congratulating, apologizing, blaming, praising and condoling.
According to Austin (1962), directive speech acts are speech acts that cause various effects through the actions of the listener, for example ordering, begging, requesting, suggesting, requests and commands. Directive speech acts are forms of speech acts intended by the speaker to influence the interlocutor to take certain actions, for example to order, order, request, advise, order. Directive speech acts are prospective, meaning that someone cannot order another person to do something in the past.
Like other speech acts, directive speech acts presuppose a certain condition for the speech partner according to the context.
The directive speech act of advising
Because the teacher asked his students not to make noise and to pay attention to what the teacher was explaining.
The directive speech act demands
Order directive speech act
- Speech Act for ELT
- Podcast
- Definitions of Podcast
- Types of podcast
- Review of Related Findings
- Conceptual Framework
- Research Place and Time
- Research Object
- Research Instruments
- Data Collection
- Data Analysis
- Research Findings
- Data Description
The goals of teaching speech acts in the classroom should be aimed at raising students' awareness that utterances in English as a foreign language can lead to misinterpretation. By understanding the norms and idiomatic expressions of the first and second language, students can determine the message of the utterances in order to expand their knowledge resulting in the ability to perform the speech act perfectly. Generally, the topic of a solo podcast is in the form of discussing the host's opinion on something that is going viral, reading a story submitted by a listener, or providing information about something.
A multi-host or multi-host podcast is a type of recording in the form of a discussion from the perspective of several speakers on a topic. The data in this research was in speech acts used by Siti Fadilah and Dedy Corbuzier, which contain elements of illocutionary speech acts. An Analysis of Expressive Speech Acts in Deddy Corbuzier's April 2021 Podcast The purpose of this study is to describe the forms of expressive speech acts contained in the April 2021 episode of Deddy Corbuzier's podcast.
The data obtained is in the form of conversations in the Deddy Corbuzier podcast episode of April 2021. The researcher's data analysis technique is descriptive technique, this technique is to determine the type of expressive speech act. The results of the data obtained by researchers, including expressive speech acts, amounted to 42 conversation quotes. The third related study Illocutionary Speech Acts in the Jk-W and Nd-M Podcasts on the Youtube Channel and its Benefits as Pragmatic Teaching.
The purpose of the descriptive research was to describe the speech act used in the podcast and to describe what types of speech act were uttered in the podcast itself. The source of data in the study was the subjects from which the data can be obtained. Data is the important information in the research which is in the form of phenomenon in the field.
Thirdly, the researcher classified the words based on types of speech act, wrote down the data, arranged the data into various parts based on classification and commented why the words, utterances and sentence were included in the types of speech act. First, with analysis, the researcher made a tabular documentation sheet of type's speech act based on the theories presented in the previous chapter. To get the speech act on podcast, the researcher did the research.
After presenting and tabulating the words classified into speech act found in the video podcast, the researcher presents a table to show the figurative language. The purpose of this research was to find the speech act found in the video Podcast.
Assertives
Keith made this statement before explaining several reasons for the most common problem that keeps us stuck at the same level when taking the ELTS exam. This statement is categorized as Assertive because Keith stated that there is no technique left for the IELTS exam. And this is what Keith said when he talked about the level in the IELTS exam.
This statement is categorized as emphatic because Keith made a statement about the level of the IELTS speaking test. Keith said this when he was explained about students' English ability when they try to speak and what English they master in their head. This statement was categorized as assertive because Keith stated how English the students have in their heads and when they try to speak.
This utterance is categorized in Assertive because he said that he will see, which means explain about the tips that he will explain. This statement was spoken by Keith when he talked about how many students learn to speak with books. This utterance was categorized into Assertive because he also said that many students around the world still learn to speak with books.
Keith said this about the audio he had to help the audience learn to speak. This statement was categorized as Assertive because it talked about the Keith Speaking Academy, a platform that provides you with audio to help you speak. Keith said this when talking about the method by which the audience should try to improve speaking skills.
When he said that, he was explaining about the method pieces that will be effective, so he meant that it will speed up the fluency. This utterance is categorized in Assertive because he said it will speed up your fluency. This sentence is categorized in Assertive because Keith says that by learning collocation you will become much more fluent in speaking.
Directive
Keith said before closing the video podcast that the audience should check out the application he mentioned before that will help you talk. Keith said this in the opening before he began to explain about the method that the audience should try to improve speaking skills. This phrase was spoken by Keith when he asked the audience to follow him to see him until the end of the video podcast.
This sentence was spoken when he asked the audience to move on to another topic that he would talk about in a different way or with a different method. This statement was made by Keith when he talked about the tip to the audience. This statement fell under the heading Directive because he advised the audience to expand their comfort zone.
Keith said this what he meant to learn English, the audience or student also need to practice with other people, therefore it will improve your English speaking skills.
Commissive
Data Discussion
Based on the speech act theory from the works of J. L. Austin, the researcher then classified the statements in the lectures into types of speech acts, which were later codified in a book with the title. After analyzing the data, the researcher discovered 2 types of speech acts that Keith as a podcaster utters in his video podcast, which are speech acts and illocutionary acts, which he divided into five categories for illocutionary acts. These statements were classified into the state form of assertive actions because the speaker said what he said and suggested something.
These two types of affirmative acts were supported by Searle in Rahay FN et al (2018) that there are different types of affirmative acts. This was classified as an offer because the speaker in the podcast has offered something to the listener. This was supported by the theory from Searle in Rahay FN et al (2018), which also claimed that there were different types of acts performed.
Other than the illocutionary acts found by the researcher, there are also locutionary acts found in the podcast. They are classified into locutionary acts because the speaker has spoken the actual fact based on the actual situation. This was supported by Austin (1967), he divided speech acts into three types, they are: locutionary acts, illocutionary acts and perlocutionary acts.
This was supported by previous research Rostiana (2021), who carried out the research on analysis speech act in interview podcast, she found 75 utterances assertive, 4 directive and 1 commissive. Meanwhile, there was also another previous research study by Nakula (2021) who conducted on the analysis of expressive speech act in the podcast Deddy Corbuzier, he only focused on expressive illocutionary acts uttered by the speaker in the podcast, he found 42 utterances of expressive speech acts . Although he had found different types, but they were still part of types of illocutionary acts.
Another of the two previous researches mentioned above, there was another previous study by Budiono (2022) that he conducted regarding the speech act in the interview podcast. However, the researcher also found types of illocutionary acts in the video podcast based on Searle's theory on types of illocutionary acts. The affirmative type of illocutionary acts becomes a type of speech act that dominates the utterances that are uttered by Keith as the podcaster of the video podcast titled "5 Smart Ways to Improve Your English Speaking Skills".
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