22 CHAPTER IV
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
This chapter consists of the answers of the research question that can be divided into finding and discussion. The finding and the discussion of this research are explained by the researcher in the form of rich narration.
4.1 Findings
Based on the background of the study, this research has an objective formulated. The objective of this research is to describe the types of complex sentences found on the speech of President JokoWidodo at the annual meetings plenary of ‘International Monetary Fund (IMF)’ and ‘The World Bank Group’ at Nusa Dua Hall, Bali. Based on the objective of this research, the researcher successfully found out some data identified as the types of complex sentence. Those data are described below.
4.1.1 Types of Complex Sentence
After the data were collected by the researcher in the process of collecting the data, the researcher analyzed those data. The data of this research were in the forms of sentences that are classified as the complex sentence. The analyzed data were represented in the table below.
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Table 4.1 The Types of Complex Sentence
No. Complex Sentence Types of Complex Sentence NNC AJC AVC NFC 1. Let me extend my sincere gratitude for
the attention, support, and aid from the global community for people in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) province and Central Sulawesi province who became the victims of the quake and tsunami.
√
2. This shows our strong brotherhood, brotherhood to overcome the problems together.
√
3. However, thanks to extraordinary fiscal and monetary policy measures which required a big political courage.
√
4. Policy makers have saved the world from the global depression which was just around the corner by then.
√
5. After ten years, we still have to remain vigilant against the escalating risk and in facing global uncertainty, just like what was conveyed by Madame Lagarde.
√
6. In the TV series “Game of Thrones” a number of Great Houses and Great Families are fiercely fighting each other to take control of the “the iron throne”.
√
24 7. I believe the story will end with a
moral lesson that the confrontation and deputes will bring suffering not only for the losers but also the winners.
√
8. It is only when victory is celebrated. √
9. It is pointless to celebrate triumph amidst destruction.
√
10. Let me reiterate that we have entered the final season in fight over the global economic expansion replete with rivalry and competition.
√
11. I fervently hope that you will contribute in urging world leaders to appropriately respond to this situation.
√ √
12. Fiscal and monetary policies that are able to cushion against the impact of the global trade, technology
disruption, and market uncertainly are needed.
√
13. It is also my hope that these annual meeting can be productive.
√
14. I hope all of you can absorb the energy from and be inspired by natural beauty in Bali and Indonesia, to produce clarity in heart and mind in improving the global condition of global finance for the sake of our common good.
√
25 NNC = Noun Clause
AJC = Adjective Clause AVC = Adverb Clause NFC = Non-Finite Clause
Table 4.1 represents that the resercher succesfully found out 14 data that were categorized as the complex sentences. Those complex sentences were classified into 4 types of complex sentences named noun clause, adjective clause, adverb clause, and non-finite clause.
The first type of complex sentence found on the speech of President JokoWidodo at the annual meetings plenary of ‘International Monetary Fund (IMF)’ and ‘The World Bank Group’ at Nusa Dua Hall, Bali was thecomplex sentence with the adjective clause. 6 sentences were classified into the adjective clause. The first sentence was ‘Let me extend my sincere gratitude for the attention, support, and aid from the global community for people in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) province and Central Sulawesi province who became the victims of the quake and tsunami’. The second sentence was
‘However, thanks to extraordinary fiscal and monetary policy measures which required a big political courage’. The third sentence was ‘Policy makers have saved the world from the global depression which was just around the corner by then’. The fourth sentence was
‘I believe the story will end with a moral lesson that the confrontation and deputes will bring suffering not only for the losers but also the winners’.The fifth sentence was Fiscal and monetary policies that are able to cushion against the impact of the global trade, technology
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disruption, and market uncertainly are needed’. The last one was ‘It is also my hope that these annual meeting can be productive’.
The second type of complex sentence foundon the speech of President JokoWidodo at the annual meetings plenary of ‘International Monetary Fund (IMF)’ and ‘The World Bank Group’ at Nusa Dua Hall, Baliwas thecomplex sentence with the noun clause. There were 3 sentences categorized as the noun clause. The first senetence was
‘After ten years, we still have to remain vigilant against the escalating risk and in facing global uncertainty, just like what was conveyed by Madame Lagarde’. The second sentence was ‘Let me reiterate that we have entered the final season in fight over the global economic expansion replete with rivalry and competition’.The third sentence was ‘I fervently hope that you will contribute in urging world leaders to appropriately respond to this situation’.
The third type of complex sentencefound on the speech of President JokoWidodo at the annual meetings plenary of ‘International Monetary Fund (IMF)’ and ‘The World Bank Group’ at Nusa Dua Hall, Bali was thecomplex sentence with the adverb clause. The researcher found out a sentntence that was categorized as the adverb clause. This sentence was ‘It is only when victory is celebrated’.
The fourth type of complex sentencefound on the speech of President JokoWidodo at the annual meetings plenary of ‘International Monetary Fund (IMF)’ and ‘The World Bank Group’ at Nusa DuaHall,
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Bali was the complex sentence with thenon-finite clause. 5 sentences were categorized as th e non –finite clause by the researcher. The first sentence was ‘This shows our strong brotherhood, brotherhood to overcome the problems together’. The second sentence was ‘In the TV series “Game of Thrones” a number of Great Houses and Great Families are fiercely fighting each other to take control of the “the iron throne”’.The third sentence was ‘It is pointless to celebrate triumph amidst destruction’. The fourth sentence was ‘I fervently hope that you will contribute in urging world leaders to appropriately respond to this situation’.The fifth sentence was ‘I hope all of you can absorb the energy from and be inspired by natural beauty in Bali and Indonesia, to produce clarity in heart and mind in improving the global condition of global finance for the sake of our common good’.
4.2 Discussion
In this part, the researcher discusses the findings that answer the reserach question relating to the types of complex sentence. The types of complex sentence in this research was analyzed on the the speech of President Joko Widodo at the annual meetings plenary of ‘International Monetary Fund (IMF)’ and ‘The World Bank Group’ at Nusa Dua Hall, Bali.Viewed from the results of this research, the researcher succesfully found out 4 types of complex sentence named: (1) noun clause, (2) adjective clause, (3) adverb clause, and (4) non-finite clause. Those types of complex sentence can be viewed from the discussion below.
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4.2.1 Complex Sentence with the Noun Clause
The first type of complex sentence that was found on the speech of President JokoWidodo at the annual meetings plenary of ‘International Monetary Fund (IMF)’ and ‘The World Bank Group’ at Nusa Dua Hall, Bali was the complex sentence with thenoun clause. Noun clause refers to the dependent clause having function as the noun (Khodijah, 2015). In addition, a dependent clause will be called noun clause it it functions as subject, object, complement, and object preposition. The researcher found three sentences that were categorized as the noun clause. These sentences were described below:
#The First Noun Clause
‘After ten years, we still have to remain vigilant against the escalating risk and in facing global uncertainty, just like what was conveyed by Madame Lagarde’.
The sentence above was classified as the noun clause because it contains subordinate conjunction “what” indicating the noun clause. The clause ‘what was conveyed’ was the dependent clause that has a function as a noun especially as the object of preposition.
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#The Second Noun Clause
‘Let me reiterate that we have entered the final season in fight over the global economic expansion replete with rivalry and competition’.
The sentence above was identified as the noun clause because of its function. The function of this sentence is as an object of this sentence. The main verb ‘reiterate’ is a tnasitive verb that needs an object, so the dependent clause ‘that we have entered the final season in fight over the global economic expansion replete with rivalry and competition’.
Because this clause functioned as object, this sentence was categorized as the complex sentence namely noun clause.
#The Third Noun Clause
‘I fervently hope that you will contribute in urging world leaders to appropriately respond to this situation’.
The sentence above was categorized as the noun clause viewed from its subordinate conjunction. The subordinate conjunction ‘that’ in this sentence indicates the noun clause because we can find a subject ‘you’
and a verb ‘will contribute’ attached after this subordinate conjunction. In addition, the clause ‘that you will contribute in urging world leaders to appropriately respond to this situation’ is the object of the main sentence that was attached after the transitive verb ‘hope’.
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4.2.2 Complex Sentence with the Adjective Clause
The second type of complex sentence found on the speech of President JokoWidodo at the annual meetings plenary of ‘International Monetary Fund (IMF)’ and ‘The World Bank Group’ at Nusa Dua Hall, Bali wascomplex sentence with the adjective clause. The adjective clause refers to the dependent clause having function in describung the noun or pronoun (Khodijah, 2015). By analyzing the speech of President JokoWidodo at the annual meetings plenary of ‘International Monetary Fund (IMF)’ and ‘The World Bank Group’ at Nusa Dua Hall, Bali, the researcher succesfully classified 6 clauses as the adjective clause. Those sentences were described below.
#The First Adjective Clause
‘Let me extend my sincere gratitude for the attention, support, and aid from the global community for people in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) province and Central Sulawesi province who became the victims of the quake and tsunami’.
The sentence above was categorized as the complex sentence with the adjective clause because of the function of the clause ‘who became the victims of the quake and tsunami’. This clause had the function as the adjective because it gave more information about the object called ‘West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) province and Central Sulawesi province’. Because
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this clause explained the object, it was categorized as the complex sentence with the adjective clause.
#The Second Adjective Clause
‘However, thanks to extraordinary fiscal and monetary policy measures which required a big political courage’.
The sentence above was identified as the complex sentence with the adjective clause because of the existance of the subordinate conjunction ‘which’. This subordinate conjunction refered to the object of preposition ‘to extraordinary fiscal and monetary policy measures’. It means that the clause ‘which required a big political courage’gave the extra description to the object of the preposition, so this sentence was classified as the complex sentence with the adjective clause.
#The Third Adjective Clause
‘Policy makers have saved the world from the global depression which was just around the corner by then’.
The sentence above was classified into the complex sentence with the adjective clause because of the appearance of a dependent clause
‘which was just around the corner by then’. Viewed from the form of the clause, this clause described the object of preposition ‘from the global depression’. Based on this statement, this sentence was classified as the complex sentence with the adjective clause.
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#The Fourth Adjective Clause
‘I believe the story will end with a moral lesson that the confrontation and deputes will bring suffering not only for the losers but also the winners’.
The sentence above was categorized as the complex sentence with the adjective clause because the existance of a dependent clause. The dependent clause in this sentence was ‘that the confrontation and deputes will bring suffering not only for the losers but also the winners’. This dependent clause had a function to describe the noun called ‘a moral lesson’, so this dependent clause was categorized as the adjective clause.
#The Fifth Adjective Clause
‘Fiscal and monetary policiesthat are able to cushion against the impact of the global trade, technology disruption, and market uncertainly are needed’.
The sentence above was classified as the complex sentence with the adjective clause because it contains the dependent clause namely ‘that are able to cushion against the impact of the global trade, technology disruption, and market uncertainly’. This dependent clause gave the subject ‘Fiscal and monetary policies’ extra information. Because there was a dependent clause describing the subject, the sentence above was the complex sentence with the adjective clause.
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#The last Adjective Clause
‘It is also my hope that these annual meeting can be productive’.
The sentence above was categorized as the complex sentence with the adjective clause because of the function of its dependent clause. The dependent clause of this sentence was ‘that these annual meeting can be productive’which descibed the complement ‘my hope’. Based on this reason, the dependent clause of this sentence was categorized as the adjective clause.
4.2.3 Complex Sentence with the Adverb Clause
The third type of complex sentence found on the speech of President JokoWidodo at the annual meetings plenary of ‘International Monetary Fund (IMF)’ and ‘The World Bank Group’ at Nusa Dua Hall, Bali wascomplex sentence with theadverb clause. In this research, the adverb clause is a kind of dependent clause having function to give extra information about a verb, adjective, adverb and also phrase (Khodijah, 2015). Based on the findings, the researcher found one sentence identified as the complex sentnce with adverb clause that was discussed below.
‘It is only when victory is celebrated’
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The sentence above was categorized as the complex sentence with the adjective clause because of its dependent clause. The dependent clause of this sentence was ‘when victory is celebrated’ that has a function to give more information about the time used in the sentence. The subordinate conjunction ‘when’ expresses the time used.
4.2.4 Complex Sentence with the Non-finite Clause
The last type of complex sentence that was found on the speech of President JokoWidodo at the annual meetings plenary of ‘International Monetary Fund (IMF)’ and ‘The World Bank Group’ at Nusa Dua Hall, Bali was the complex sentence with the non-finite clause. The non-finite clause can be defined as ... The researcher found five sentences that were categorized as the non-finite clause. These sentences were described below:
#The First Non-finite Clause
‘This shows our strong brotherhood, brotherhood to overcome the problems together’.
The sentence above was identified as the non-finite clause because of the appearance of the dependent clause. The dependent clause of this sentence was brotherhood to overcome the problems together’. This dependent clause was classified as the non-finite clause because it was made up from the formula ‘to + infinitive’. It consists of ‘to + overcome’.
#The Second Non-finite Clause
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‘In the TV series “Game of Thrones” a number of Great Houses and Great Families are fiercely fighting each other to take control of the “the iron throne”’.
The sentence above was classified as the non-finite clause because it contains a dependent clause called non-finite clause. The noun-finite clause of this sentence was to take control of the “the iron throne”. This dependent clause was classified as the non-finite clause because it was made up from the elements to as in ‘to’ and infinitive as in ‘take’.
#The Third Non-finite Clause
‘It is pointless to celebrate triumph amidst destruction’.
The sentence above was classified as the complex sentence with Non-finite clause because there was a dependent clause attached after the complement ‘pointless’. The dependent clause was ‘to celebrate triumph amidst destruction’. This dependent clause was identified as the non-finite clause because it consists of formula to + infinitive. To + infinitive here refers to ‘to + celebrate’ that did not explain the tenses used, so this clause was calle non-finite clause.
#The Fourth Non-finite Clause
‘I fervently hope that you will contribute in urging world leaders to appropriately respond to this situation’.
The sentence above was identified as the complex sentence with the non-finite. The reason was viewed from the attachment of the
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dependent clause made up by ‘to + infinitive’. The clause ‘to appropriately respond to this situation’ was made up from to + infinitive
‘respond’.
#The Fifth Non-finite Clause
‘I hope all of you can absorb the energy from and be inspired by natural beauty in Bali and Indonesia, to produce clarity in heart and mind in improving the global condition of global finance for the sake of our common good’.
The sentence above was classified as the complex sentence with non-finite clause because of the existance of dependent clause namely non-finite clause. The dependent clause of thi sentence was ‘to produce clarity in heart and mind in improving the global condition of global finance for the sake of our common good’ that indicated the non-finite clause formula. This clause made up from to + infinitive ‘produce’.
