A
Abuse (noun) (verb): penyalahgunaan, menyalahgunakan
Definition: the improper use of something; cruel and violent treatment of a person or animal; use (something) to bad effect or for a bad purpose
Word Form: abuses, abusing, abused
Synonym: contumely, invective, obloquy, scurrility, vituperation, misuse, misapplication, misemployment, exploitation; addiction, dependency, overuse, problems, mistreatment, maltreatment, ill-treatment, molestation, interference, indecent assault, injury, hurt, harm, damage, misapply, misemploy, exploit, take advantage of
Example: The police conducted an investigation of alleged child abuse.
Accompany (verb): menemani, menyertai, mendampingi
Definition: go somewhere with (someone) as a companion or escort Word Form: accompanies, accompanying, accompanied, accompaniment
Synonym: attend, bear, bring, carry, chaperon, companion, company, conduct, convoy, escort, go with, travel with, keep someone company, tag along with, hang out with, partner, escort, show, see, usher, occur with, co-occur with, coexist with, go with, go together with, go hand in hand with, appear with, be attended by, play with, play for, support
Example: The proposal was instantly voted through with two to one in favor, accompanied by enthusiastic applause.
Accuse (verb): menuduh
Definition: charge (someone) with an offense or crime Word Form: accuses, accusing, accused, accusation
Synonym: arraign, charge, criminalize, impeach, incriminate, inculpate, indict, charge with, indict for, summons for, cite for, prefer charges against for
Example: My mom was really upset because he was accusing her of having an affair with another man.
Acquisition (noun): perolehan
Definition: an asset or object bought or obtained, typically by a library or museum Word Form: acquisitions
Synonym: acquirement, accomplishment, achievement, attainment, finish
Example: What will turn around our business is the acquisition of a profitable paper recycling company.
Adorn (verb): menghiasi, memperindah Definition: make more beautiful or attractive Word Form: adorns, adorning, adorned
Synonym: embellish, garnish, ornament, trim, decorate, ornament, enhance, beautify, prettify, grace, bedeck, deck (out), dress (up), trim, swathe, wreathe, festoon, garland, array, emblazon, titivate
Example: His watercolor designs adorn a wide range of books.
Adversity (noun): kesulitan, kemalangan, kesengsaraan Definition: a very difficult or unfavorable situation Word Form: adverse, adversities, adversary, adversely
Synonym: misfortune, mischance, mishap, tragedy, difficulty, ill luck, bad luck, trouble, difficulty, hardship, distress, disaster, suffering, affliction, sorrow, misery, tribulation, woe, pain, trauma, misadventure, accident, upset, reverse, setback, crisis, catastrophe, calamity, trial, cross, burden, blow, hard times, trials and tribulations, ill wind
Example: He showed courage in adversity.
Affair (noun): peristiwa
Definition: an event or sequence of events of a specified kind or that has previously been referred to
Word Form: affairs
Synonym: business, concern, matter, shooting match, the event, incident, happening, occurrence, eventuality, episode, case, matter, businessing
Example: The government has mishandled the whole affair.
Allegation (noun): dugaan, pernyataan
Definition: a claim or assertion that someone has done something illegal or wrong, typically one made without proof
Word Form: allegations allege, alleged, allegedly
Synonym: guess, notion, conjecture, hunch, sumption, claim, assertion, charge, accusation, declaration, statement, contention, deposition, argument, affirmation, attestation, grievance, averment
Example: The company denied the allegation.
Allege (verb): menduga keras, mengatakan
Definition: claim or assert that someone has done something illegal or wrong, typically without proof that this is the case
Word Form: alleges, alleging, alleged
Synonym: adduce, advance, cite, lay, offer, present, claim, assert, charge, accuse, declare, state, contend, argue, affirm, maintain, attest, testify, swear, aver
Example: It was alleged that policeman had accepted bribes.
Allocation (noun): alokasi, jatah, peruntukan
Definition: the action or process of allocating or distributing something; an amount of something, especially money that is given to a particular person or used for a particular purpose
Word Form: allocate, allocated, allocations
Synonym: allotment, assignment, distribution, apportionment, sharing out, handing out, dealing out, doling out, giving out, dishing out, parceling out, rationing out, dividing up/out, divvying up Example: We need to reconsider allocations for expenditures.
Along with (preposition): bersama dengan, seiring dengan Definition: with or in proximity to another person or people Word Form: -
Synonym: in line with, together with
Example: He was facing eviction, along with his wife and family.
Amuse (verb): menghibur
Definition: cause (someone) to find something funny; entertain; provide interesting and enjoyable occupation for (someone)
Word Form: amuses, amusing, amused
Synonym: divert, entertain, recreate, entertain, make laugh, delight, divert, cheer (up), please, charm, tickle, tickle pink, crack up; occupy, engage, busy, employ, distract, absorb, engross, interest
Example: The thought seemed to amuse him.
Analyze (verb): menganalisis, menelaah
Definition: examine methodically and in detail the constitution or structure of (something, especially information), typically for purposes of explanation and interpretation
Word Form: analyzes, analyzing, analyzed
Synonym: divide, part, separate, assort, classify, pigeonhole, examine, inspect, survey, study, scrutinize, look over, investigate, explore, probe, research, go over (with a fine-tooth comb), review, evaluate, break down, dissect, anatomize
Example: This book teaches you how to analyze what is causing the stress in your life.
Ancient (adjective): kuno
Definition: very old or something which has existed for a long time; belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence
Word Form: anciently
Synonym: aged, age-old, antediluvian, antique, hoary, old, timeworn, venerable, obsolete, of long ago, early, prehistoric, primeval, primordial, primitive, of yore, foregone
Example: They have practiced ancient Jewish traditions all of their lives.
Anniversary (noun): hari jadi, ulang tahun, peringatan
Definition: a date which is remembered or celebrated because a special event happened on that date in a previous year
Word Form: anniversaries Synonym: -
Example: Vietnam is celebrating the one hundredth anniversary of the birth of Ho Chi Minh.
Anthropology (noun): antropologi
Definition: the scientific study of people, society, and culture Word Form: anthropological, anthropologically
Synonym: -
Example: My major is Anthropology.
Apparently (adverb): tampaknya, rupanya
Definition: used to describe something that appears to be true based on what is known Word Form: apparent
Synonym: ostensibly, evidently, officially, outwardly, professedly, seemingly, it seems (that), it appears (that), it would seem (that), it would appear (that), as far as one knows, by all accounts, ostensibly, outwardly, supposedly, on the face of it, so the story goes, so I’m told, allegedly, reputedly
Example: Apparently, the girls are not amused by the whole business.
Applause (noun): tepuk tangan
Definition: the noise made by a group of people clapping their hands to show approval; approval or praise expressed by clapping
Word Form: applaud, applauded
Synonym: cheers, hand, ovation, round, cheering, clapping, rooting, clapping, hand clapping, acclamation
Example: They greeted him with thunderous applause.
Approve (verb): menyetujui, membenarkan
Definition: officially agree to or accept as satisfactory; to believe that something or someone is good or acceptable
Word Form: approves, approving, approved, approval
Synonym: accept favor, go for, accredit, certify, endorse, OK (or okay), sanction, agree to, consent to, assent to, give one’s blessing to, bless, rubber-stamp, ratify, authorize, validate, pass, support, give the nod to, give the go-ahead to, give the green light to, give the OK to, give the thumbs-up to
Example: Not everyone approved of the festival.
Arson (noun): pembakaran, pengobaran
Definition: the crime of deliberately setting fire to a building or vehicle; the illegal burning of a building or other property : the crime of setting fire to something
Word Form: -
Synonym: pyromania, incendiarism, torching
Example: They vented their anger by carrying out arson attacks.
Assumption (noun): anggapan
Definition: a thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen, without proof Word Form: assume, assumed, assumptions
Synonym: presumption, presupposition
Example: Dr. Mahendra questioned the scientific assumption on which the global warming theory is based.
Attorney (noun): kuasa hukum, pengacara
Definition: a person appointed to act for another in business or legal matters Word Form: attorneys
Synonym: lawyer, attorney-at-law
Example: All the company attorneys are in a meeting now. But a contracted lawyer is around.
Awkward (adjective): canggung, aneh
Definition: causing difficulty; hard to do or deal with; causing or feeling embarrassment or inconvenience
Word Form: awkwardness, awkwardly
Synonym: bumbling, clumsy, halting, heavy-handed, inept, lumbering, uncomfortable, difficult, tricky, cumbersome, unwieldy; inconvenient, inappropriate, inopportune, unseasonable Example: The more she tried to get out of the situation, the more awkward it became.
B
Basement (noun): ruang bawah tanah
Definition: a floor built partly or completely below ground; level the floor of a building partly or entirely below ground level
Word Form: basements
Synonym: base, bed, bottom, footing, foundation, ground, groundwork, substructure, understructure
Example: They bought an old schoolhouse to live in and built a workshop in the basement.
Beating (noun): pukulan
Definition: the act of repeatedly hitting someone to cause pain or injury; the act of beating someone
Word Form: beatings
Synonym: defeat, debacle, licking, overthrow, rout, thrashing, blow, hit, stroke, jolt, cuff Example: The team secured pictures of prisoners showing signs of severe beatings.
Beforehand (adjective): sebelumnya
Definition: before an action or event; in advance Word Form: -
Synonym: before, ahead, ante, antecedently, fore, forward, in advance, precedent, previous Example: That sounds fine to me. I’ll bring chairs over from my office beforehand.
Belongings (noun): termasuk, kepunyaan
Definition: the things that you own, especially things that are small enough to be carried Word Form: belong ing
Synonym: effects, goods, movables, things, possessions, affiliation, acceptance, association, attachment, integration, closeness, rapport, fellow feeling, fellowship
Example: I collected my belongings and left.
Be on one’s own (verb phrase): berdiri sendiri
Definition: having no one else present; on one’s own Word Form: -
Synonym: by oneself, on one’s own, all alone, solitary, single, singly, solo, solus, unescorted, unaccompanied, partnerless, companionless, by one’s lonesome
Example: She will be on her own when she is going to overseas branch
Blaze (noun): api
Definition: a large fire which is difficult to control and which destroys a lot of things Word Form: blazes, blazing, blazed
Synonym: blare, flame, flare, glare, glow, fire, flames, conflagration, inferno, holocaust, forest fire, wildfire, bush fire
Example: Two firemen were hurt in a blaze which swept through a tower clock last night.
Branch (noun): cabang
Definition: the parts that grow out from its trunk and have leaves, flowers, or fruit, growing on them
Word Form: branches, branching, branched Synonym: limb, bough, arm, offshot
Example: They’re cutting a branch off the tree.
Bribe (noun): suap
Definition: a sum of money or something valuable that one person offers or gives to another in order to persuade him or her to do something
Word Form: bribes, bribing, bribed
Synonym: buy, buy off, fix, have, inducement, incentive, payola, payoff, kickback, boodle, sweetener
Example: He was being investigated for receiving bribes.
Bruise (noun): memar, bekam
Definition: an injury appearing as an area of discolored skin on the body, caused by a blow or impact rupturing underlying blood vessels
Word Form: bruises, bruising, bruised Synonym: boo-boo, abrasion, scrape, scratch
Example: How did you get that bruise on your cheek?
Brutal (adj): brutal, kejam
Definition: extremely cruel or harsh; very direct and accurate in a way that is harsh or unpleasant Word Form: brutalize, brutality, brutally
Synonym: vicious, savage, cruel, fierce, harsh, inhuman, ruthless, unmerciful, unforgiving, cruel, ferocious, brutish, barbaric, barbarous, wicked, murderous, bloodthirsty, cold-blooded, callous, heartless, merciless, sadistic, heinous, monstrous, abominable, atrocious
Example: He was the victim of a very brutal murder.
Budget (noun): anggaran belanja
Definition: the amount of money that you have available to spend; an estimate of income and expenditure for a set period of time
Word Form: budgets, budgeting, budgeted
Synonym: aggregate, amount, bulk, quantity, quantum, total, financial plan, forecast, accounts, statement
Example: This year’s budget for AIDS prevention probably won’t be much higher.
C
Campaign (noun) (verb): kampanye, berkampanye
Definition: work in an organized and active way toward a particular goal, typically a political or social one; a planned set of activities that people carry out over a period of time in order to achieve something such as social or political change
Word Form: campaign, campaigning, campaigned
Synonym: crusade, fight, battle, push, press,strive, struggle, lobby
Example: During his election campaign he promised to put the economy back on its feet.
Candidate (noun): calon
Definition: someone who is being considered for a position; a person who applies for a job or is nominated for election
Word Form: candidates
Synonym: applicant, aspirant, hopeful, seeker Example: He is a candidate for the office of Governor.
Capital (adjective): pokok, modal
Definition: (of an offense or charge) liable to the death penalty Word Form: capitalize, capitalism
Synonym: chief, dominant, main, major, number one, outstanding, predominant, principal Example: His assassinating the Senator of New York was a capital crime, which, if found guilty,
will qualify him for the death penalty.
Carry out (verb): melaksanakan, melakukan, menjalankan Definition: to do something that is said
Word Form: carrying out, carried out
Synonym: administer, administrate, execute, govern, render, put through, follow up, implement, go through
Example: Police say that they believe the attacks were carried out by nationalists. Commitments have been made with little intention of carrying them out.
Cease-fire (noun): gencatan senjata
Definition: an agreement in which countries or groups of people that are fighting each other agree to stop fighting, a temporary suspension of fighting, typically one during which peace talks take place
Word Form: cease-fires Synonym: truce, armistice
Example: They have agreed to a cease-fire after three years of conflict.
Challenging (adjective): menantang
Definition: difficult in a way that is usually interesting or enjoyable Word Form: challenge, challenges
Synonym: arduous, effortful, labored, laborious, strenuous, toilsome, uphill, demanding, testing, taxing, exacting, stretching, exciting, stimulating, inspiring, difficult, tough, hard, formidable, onerous, arduous, strenuous, grueling, exigent
Example: Rassya found a challenging job as a computer programmer.
Charge (noun): tuduhan, beban, biaya
Definition: an accusation, typically one formally made against a prisoner brought to trial; a price asked for goods or services
Word Form: charges, charging, charged
Synonym: accusation, charge, incrimination, inculpation, imputation, impeachment, cost, fee, expense, exes, duty
Example: The charge against her was arson.
Chore (noun): pekerjaan rumah tangga
Definition: a routine task, especially a household one Word Form: chores
Synonym: task, assignment, duty, job
Example: My husband and I both go out to work, so we share the household chores.
Clarify (verb): menjelaskan, mengklarifikasi
Definition: make (a statement or situation) less confused and more clearly comprehensible Word Form: clarifies, clarifying, clarified
Synonym: clear, clear up, elucidate, explain, illuminate, illustrate, explain, make clear, shed/throw light on, elucidate, explain, explicate, define, spell out, clear up
Example: Thank you for writing and allowing me to clarify the present position.
Committee (noun): komite, panitia
Definition: a group of people who meet to make decisions or plans for a large group or organization that they represent
Word Form: committees
Synonym: board, council, brain trust
Example: Has the acquisition committee decided which precision cutting machines to buy?
Compete (verb): berkompetisi, bersaing, bertanding
Definition: strive to gain or win something by defeating or establishing superiority over others who are trying to do the same
Word Form: competes, competing, competed, competition, competitive, competitively Synonym: contend, contest, rival, vie, combat, fight, strive, oppose, tourney
Example: Kangaroos compete with sheep and cattle for sparse supplies of food and water.
Concrete (adjective): konkret
Definition: relating to or involving specific people, things, or actions rather than general ideas or qualities
Word Form: concretes, concretely
Synonym: actual, de facto, effective, factual, genuine, real, sure-enough, true, very Example: There were no concrete proposals on the table.
Condemnation (noun): kutukan, penghukuman
Definition: the act of saying that something or someone is bad and unacceptable Word Form: condemnations, condemn, condemns, condemned
Synonym: anathematize, censure, damn, decry, denounce, execrate, reprehend, reprobate, curse, disapproval, denunciation
Example: There was widespread condemnation of Saturday’s killings.
Conference (noun): konferensi
Definition: a meeting, often lasting a few days, which is organized on a particular subject or to bring together people who have a common interest
Word Form: conferences
Synonym: colloquium, colloquy, palaver, rap session, seminar, discussion, debate, talk Example: Henry, I am sorry to have kept you waiting. I just got back from the conference.
Consequence (noun): konsekuensi, akibat
Definition: something that happens as a result of a particular action or set of conditions Word Form: consequences, consequently
Synonym: aftermath, effect, price, repercussion, result, outcome, backwash, upshot, outgrowth, corollary, fate, ramification
Example: Her lawyer said she understood the consequence of her actions and was prepared to go to jail.
Conspire (verb): bersekongkol, berkelompok
Definition: make secret plans jointly to commit an unlawful or harmful act Word Form: conspires, conspiring, conspired
Synonym: plot, cogitate, collogue, collude, connive, contrive, devise, intrigue, machinate, scheme Example: They’d conspired to overthrow the government.
Constitution (noun): undang-undang, konstitusi
Definition: the system of laws which formally states the people’s rights and duties, a body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is acknowledged to be governed
Word Form: constitutions
Synonym: charter, social code, law, bill of rights, rules, regulations, fundamental principles Example: The Constitution of the United States was written in 1776.
Contender (noun): lawan, saingan
Definition: someone who takes part in a competition Word Form: contenders
Synonym: competitor, challenger, rival, competitor
Example: Her trainer said yesterday that she would be a strong contender for a place in Britain’s Olympic squad.
Contract (noun): kontrak, perjanjian
Definition: a legal agreement, usually between two companies or between an employer and employee which involves doing work for a stated sum of money
Word Form: contracts, contracting, contracted
Synonym: agreement, bargain, bond, compact, convention, covenant, pact, transaction Example: The company won a prestigious contract for work on Europe’s tallest building.
Cope (verb): mengatasi, menaungi, melindungi
Definition: deal with and attempt to overcome problems and difficulties Word Form: copes, coping, coped
Synonym: deal with, overcome, manage, subsist, look after, fend for, carry on, keep one’s head above water, handle
Example: It was amazing how my mother coped with bringing up three children on less than three hundred dollars a week.
Coup (noun): kudeta
Definition: a sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government Word Form: coups
Synonym: overthrow, revolution, insurrection, revolt, takeover, rebellion, insurgence Example: Bolivia has experienced several military coups over the last few decades.
Critical (adjective): kritis
Definition: given to making or expressing unfavorable judgments about things; needing immediate attention; of the greatest possible importance; impossible to do without Word Form: criticism, criticize, critique, critic
Synonym: acute, climacteric, crucial, desperate, dire, serious, perilous, risky Example: The incident happened at a critical point in the campaign.
D
Deal (noun): transaksi, perjanjian
Definition: an agreement entered into by two or more parties for their mutual benefit, especially in a business or political context; an arrangement about action to be taken
Word Form: dealer, dealings, dealt, dealing
Synonym: agreement, arrangement, bargain, contract, understanding, accord, convention, convenant, disposition, settlement, understanding
Example: I’m in a position to save you a good deal of time.
Deal with (verb phrase): berurusan
Definition: to carry on the business of buying and selling goods or other property; to talk over or dispute the terms of a purchase
Word Form: deals with, dealing with
Synonym: treat, handle, play, serve, take, use, negotiate, transact, give out, dispense
Example: The president said the agreement would allow other vital problems to be dealt with.
Defendant (noun): terdakwa
Definition: a person who has been accused of breaking the law and is being tried in court Word Form: defendants
Synonym: accused, prisoner (at the bar), appelant, litigant, respondent, suspect
Example: We find the defendant not guilty of the charges brought against him by the prosecutor.
Definite (adjective): pasti, tertentu
Definition: clearly stated or decided; not vague or doubtful Word Form: definitely, definiteness, definitive
Synonym: circumscribed, determinate, fixed, limited, narrow, precise, restricted Example: We didn’t have any definite proof.
Deliberate (adjective): disengaja
Definition: decided on as a result of careful thought; made, given, or done with full awareness of what one is doing
Word Form: deliberates, deliberating, deliberated, deliberately
Synonym: planned, projected, schemed, calculated, careful, meticulous, scrupulous, foresighted, forethoughtful, provident, prudent
Example: Witnesses say the firing was deliberate and sustained.
Discipline (noun): disiplin, ketertiban
Definition: the practice of training people to obey rules or a code of behavior, using punishment to correct disobedience
Word Form: disciplines, disciplining, disciplined
Synonym: chastisement, correction, punishment, control, moderation, restraint
Example: Order and discipline have been placed in the hands of headmasters and governing bodies.
Dispatch (verb): mengirim, mengutus, memberangkatkan
Definition: to cause to go or be taken from one place to another;
Word Form: dispatches, dispatching, dispatched
Synonym: address, consign, forward, remit, route, ship, transmit
Example: The Italian government was preparing to dispatch 4,000 soldiers to search the island.
Dispute (noun): perselisihan
Definition: an argument or disagreement between people or groups Word Form: disputes, disputing, disputed, disputation
Synonym: argue, bicker, hassle, quibble, squabble, wrangle, debate, discussion, controversy, disagreement
Example: They have won previous pay disputes with the government.
Domain (noun): domain, wilayah, area
Definition: a particular field of thought, activity, or interest, especially one over which someone has control, influence, or rights
Word Form: domains
Synonym: field, dominion, province, sphere, terrain, territory, walk, realm, kingdom, land, bailiwick, barony, demesne
Example: This information should be in the public domain.
Draft (noun): konsep, draf
Definition: an early version of a piece of writing such as letter, book, or speech Word Form: drafts, drafting, drafted
Synonym: draw up, formulate, frame, make, prepare, concept, construct, draught
Example: If you recalculate some of the figures and submit another draft by tomorrow, you will still be able to turn in the report by the deadline.
Due (adjective): tepat, sesuai, wajar
Definition: expected at or planned for at a certain time Word Form: dues
Synonym: right, appropriate, proper, exact, precise Example: The rent is due at the end of the month.
E
Editor (noun): editor, redaktur
Definition: the person who is in charge of a newspaper or magazine and who decides what will be published in each edition of it
Word form: editors, editorial Synonym: -
Example: The Los Angeles Times newspaper will hire a new editor next month.
Election (noun): pemilihan
Definition: a process in which people vote to choose a person or group of people to hold an official position; a formal and organized process of electing or being elected, especially of members of a political body
Word Form: elections, elect, electioneer, elective
Synonym: choice, alternative, option, preference, selection, ballot, vote Example: The final election results will be announced on Friday.
Encroach (verb): menggangu, melanggar batas
Definition: intrude on (a person’s territory or a thing considered to be a right): to gradually move or go into an area that is beyond the usual or desired limits
Word Form: encroaches, encroaching, encroached
Synonym: trespass, entrench, infringe, invade, interfere, obtrude on, impinge on
Example: Any attempt to encroach upon presidential prerogatives in this domain was quickly and firmly resisted.
Engrave (verb): mengukir, memahat, menatah
Definition: cut or carve (a text or design) on the surface of a hard object Word Form: engraves, engraving, engraved
Synonym: carve, inscribe, incise, chisel, notch, etch, imprint
Example: Your wedding ring can be engraved with a personal inscription at no extra cost.
Enormous (adj): besar sekali
Definition: extremely large in size or amount Word Form: enormously
Synonym: big, giant, huge, immense, jumbo, tremendous, gigantic, elephantine, jumbo Example: The main bedroom is enormous.
Ensure (verb): memastikan, menjamin Definition: make certain that it happens Word Form: ensures, ensuring, ensured
Synonym: assure, cinch, insure, secure, make sure, make certain, confirm, verify Example: Ensure that it is written into your contract.
Equip (verb): melengkapi
Definition: supply with the necessary items for a particular purpose Word Form: equips, equipping, equipped
Synonym: furnish, accouter, appoint, arm, fit out, gear, outfit, rig, turn out, provide, endow Example: Thanks to some endowments from some private companies, this laboratory is a well-
equipped research building.
Estate (noun): perkebunan, tanah
Definition: all the money and property that he/she leaves behind them when he/she dies Word Form: estates
Synonym: acres, land, manor, property, seigneury
Example: Mrs. Green’s specified that her estate be auctioned off for her charity.
Eviction (noun): pengusiran
Definition: the act or process of officially forcing someone to leave a house or piece of land Word Form: evictions
Synonym: kicks out, expulsion, eviction, ejection, ouster, extrusion, ejectment Example: He was facing eviction, along with his wife and family.
Execute (verb): menjalankan, melaksanakan, melakukan
Definition: carry out or put into effect (a plan, order, or course of action); carry out a sentence of death on (a legally condemned person)
Word Form: executes, executing, executed, execution, executively
Synonym: assassinate, bump off, cool, do in, dust off, finish, knock off, liquidate, put away, put to death, carry on, accomplishing, bring off/about, achieve, conduct
Example: This boy’s father had been executed for conspiring against the throne.
Executor (noun): wali, wasi
Definition: someone whose name you write in your will when you want him to be responsible for dealing with your affairs after your death
Word Form: executors, executory
Synonym: guardian, trustee, custodian, custode Example: Who is the executor?
Expenditure (noun): pengeluaran, pembelanjaan
Definition: the spending of money on something, or the money that is spent on something Word Form: expend, expenditures, expense
Synonym: cost, disbursement, outlay, spending, paying out, outlay, use Example: Polices of tax reduction must lead to reduced public expenditures.
Extinction (noun): kepunahan
Definition: the state or process of a species, family, or larger group being or becoming extinct;
reduction in the intensity of light or other radiation as it passes through a medium or object, due to absorption, reflection, and scattering
Word Form: extinct
Synonym: dying out, disappearance, vanishing, extermination, destruction, elimination Example: An operation is beginning to try to save a species of crocodile from extinction.
F
Fascinate (verb): mengasyikkan, memesona, memikat
Definition: to cause (someone) to be very interested in something or someone Word Form: fascinates, fascinating, fascinated, fascination
Synonym: grip, hold, mesmerize, spellbind, enthrall Example: Politics fascinated Franklin’s father.
Favorable (adjective): baik, yang menyenangkan
Definition: expressing approval; giving a result that helps, benefits, or shows approval of someone
Word Form: favors, favorably, favorite
Synonym: agreeable, good, grateful, gratifying, nice, pleasing, pleasurable, welcome Example: His ability to talk while eating fast made a favorable impression on his dining
companions.
Figure (noun): sosok, angka
Definition: a number, especially one that forms part of official statistics or relates to the financial performance of a company; a particular amount expressed as a number, especially a statistic Word Form: figures, figuring, figures
Synonym: chuffer, cipher, digit, integer, numeral, whole number
Example: It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this country are unemployed.
G
Gnarled (adjective): monggol
Definition: twisted and strangely shaped because it is old Word Form: gnarly
Synonym: knobbly, knotty, knotted, gnarly, lumpy, bumpy, nodular, crooked, distorted, contorted;
twisted, bent, misshapen, rough, wrinkled, wizened
Example: There is a large and beautiful garden full of ancient gnarled trees.
Grind (verb): menggiling
Definition: reduce (something) to small particles or powder by crushing it Word Form: grinds, grinding, and ground
Synonym: drudge, grub, muck, plod, slave, slog, toil, crush, pound, pulverize, mill, granulate, crumble, smash, comminute
Example: Store the peppercorns in an airtight container and grind the pepper as you need it.
H
Hypertension (noun): hipertensi
Definition: a medical condition in which a person has high blood pressure Word Form: -
Synonym: -
Example: He suffered from hypertension and accompanying heart problems.
I
Impress (verb): mengesankan
Definition: make (someone) feel admiration and respect; make a mark or design on (an object) using a stamp or seal
Word Form: impresses, impressed, impressing
Synonym: affect, influence, persuade, sway, move, stir, rouse,excite, inspire, dazzle, awe, overawe, take someone’s breath away, amaze, astonish, grab, blow someone away, stick in someone’s mind
Example: What impressed him most was their speed.
Impressive (adjective): impresif, yang mengesankan
Definition: evoking admiration through size, quality, or skill: grand, imposing, or awesome Word Form: impressively, impress, impression
Synonym: awe-inspiring, grand, moving, thrilling; something that is impressive impresses you.
Example: It is an impressive achievement.
Inadequate (adjective): tidak memadai, tidak mencukupi
Definition: lacking the quality or quantity required; insufficient for a purpose; not enough Word Form: inadequately
Synonym: defective, incomplete, insufficient, lacking, incomplete, wanting, deficient, poor, scarce
Example: Supplies of food and medicines are inadequate.
Incentive (noun): insentif, dorongan
Definition: a thing that motivates or encourages one to do something Word Form: incentives
Synonym: stimulus, catalyst, goad, impetus, impulse, incitation, incitement, motivation, stimulant
Example: There is little or no incentive to adopt such measures.
In charge (prepositional phrase): berkuasa
Definition: commanding and self-confident; likely to be respected and obeyed Word Form: -
Synonym: authoritative, ruling, in power, capable, in charge, dominant Example: Who’s in charge here?
Incident (noun): insiden, kejadian, peristiwa
Definition: something that happens, especially something that is unusual Word Form: incidents, incidentally
Synonym: occurrence, circumstance, episode, event, happening, occasion, things Example: These incidents were the latest in a series of disputes between two nations.
In favor (prepositional phrase): untuk kepentingan Definition: an attitude of approval or liking Word Form: favorable, favors
Synonym: for sake, approval, approbation, goodwill, kindness, benevolence Example: She’s very much in favor with the management at the moment.
Initiative (noun): prakarsa
Definition: an important act or statement that is intended to solve a problem; the ability to assess and initiate things independently
Word Form: initiatives, initiate, initiatively
Synonym: enterprise, ambition, drive, get-up-and-go, push, hansel, handsel Example: The Government initiative to help young people has been inadequate.
In preference to (noun phrase): lebih menyukai
Definition: a greater liking for one alternative over another or others Word Form: prefer, preference, preferable, preferably
Synonym: selection, choice, option, alternative
Example: Many people choose the train in preference to driving.
Inscription (noun): prasasti, tulisan
Definition: writing carved into something made of stone or metal, for example a gravestone or metal
Word Form: inscriptions, inscribe
Synonym: carving, engraving, epitaph, etching Example: Above its doors was a Latin inscription
Instill (verb): menanamkan
Definition: gradually but firmly establish (an idea or attitude, especially a desirable one) in a person’s mind; put (a substance) into something in the form of liquid drops
Word Form: instills, instilling, instilled
Synonym: implant, inculcate, infix, inseminate
Example: They hope that their work will instill a sense of responsibility in children.
Instrument (noun): instrumen, alat
Definition: a tool or implement, especially one for delicate or scientific work; a measuring device used to gauge the level, position, speed, etc., of something, especially a motor vehicle or aircraft
Word Form: instruments
Synonym: implement, tool, utensil, equipment
Example: Learning a musical instrument introduces a child to an understanding of music.
Intense (adjective): intens, kuat, hebat
Definition: of extreme force, degree, or strength; having or showing strong feelings or opinions;
extremely earnest or serious Word Form: intensely
Synonym: concentrated, desperate, exquisite, fierce, furious, terrible, vehement, vicious, and violent
Example: Suddenly, the room filled with intense light.
Interior (noun): bagian dalam
Definition: the inner or indoor part of something, especially a building; the inside; the central area of it
Word Form: interiors
Synonym: inner, inner more, inside, internal, intestine, inward
Example: The Yangzi River would give access to much of China’s interior.
Investigate (noun): menyelidiki, memeriksa
Definition: carry out a systematic or formal inquiry to discover and examine the facts of (an incident, allegation, etc.) so as to establish the truth
Word Form: investigates, investigating, investigated, investigation
Synonym: explore, delve (into), dig (into), go (into), inquire (into), look (into), probe, prospect, sift
Example: Police are still investigating how the accident happened.
Invoice (noun): faktur, tagihan
Definition: a document that lists goods that have been supplied or services that have been done and says how much money you owe for them
Word Form: invoices, invoicing, invoiced
Synonym: bill, account, reckoning, score, statement, tab
Example: We will then send you an invoice for the total course fees.
Involve (verb): melibatkan, meliputi
Definition: (of a situation or event) include (something) as a necessary part or result Word Form: involved, involves, involving, involvement
Synonym: comprise, consist of, contain, entail, include
Example: Running a kitchen involves a great deal of discipline and speed.
Itinerary (noun): rencana perjalanan
Definition: a plan or journey, including the route and places that you will visit Word Form: itineraries
Synonym: itinerarium
Example: Do you need a copy of his itinerary?
J
Jolt (noun/verb): sentakan, menggoyangkan
Definition: an abrupt rough or violent movement; push or shake (someone or something) abruptly and roughly
Word form: jolted
Synonym: bump, bounce, shake, jerk, lurch; start, jerk, jump; push, thrust, jar, bump, knock, bang, shake, joggle, jog
Example: Any movement shot jolts of electricity to my toes, curling them in pain.
K
Kneel (verb): berlutut
Definition: be in or assume a position in which the body is supported by a knee or the knees, as when praying or showing submission
Word form: knee, knelt Synonym: bow, give in
Example: They kneel down and pray
L
Ladder (noun): tangga, jenjang
Definition: a piece of equipment used for climbing up something or down from something. It consists of two long pieces of wood, metal, or rope with steps fixed between them; a structure consisting of a series of bars or steps between two upright lengths of wood, metal, or rope, used for climbing up or down something
Word Form: ladders
Synonym: stairs, staircase, steps, stepladder Example: He is doing some work on a ladder.
Lawn (noun): halaman rumput
Definition: an area of grass that is kept cut short and is usually part of someone’s garden or backyard, or part of a pack
Word Form: lawns
Synonym: grass, yard, backyard, dooryard
Example: They were sitting on the lawn under a large beech tree.
Lean (verb/adjective): bersandar, kurus
Definition: be in or move into a sloping position; to become thin or to lose weight Word Form: leans, leaning, leaned, leant
Synonym: slant, incline, bend, tilt, be at an angle, slope, tip, list; slim, thin, slender, spare, wiry, lanky, skinny, size-zero
Example: She was feeling tired and was glad to lean against him; After three weeks of long distance running and weight-lifting, she became very lean.
Lease (noun): sewa, penyewaan
Definition: a legal agreement by which the owner of a building, a piece of land, or a car allows someone else to use it for a period of time in return for money; a contract by which one party conveys land, property, services, etc., to another for a specified time, usually in return for a periodic payment
Word Form: leases, leasing, leased
Synonym: hire, charter, let, rent, charter, tenancy, tenure Example: We’ve taken out a lease on an office building.
Legal (adjective): legal, sah
Definition: of, based on, or concerned with the law; permitted by law Word Form: legalize, legality, legally
Synonym: lawful, innocent, legitimate, licit Example: He vowed to take legal action.
I sought legal advice on this.
Lower (verb): menurunkan, merendahkan, menundukkan
Definition: move (someone or something) in a downward direction Word Form: lowers, lowering, lowered
Synonym: abate, bate, close, diminish, drain (away), dwindle, lessen, peak (out), peter (out), rebate, recede, reduce, taper, taper off
Example: The central Bank has lowered interest rates by two percent.
M
Magnificent (adjective): indah
Definition: impressively beautiful, elaborate, or extravagant; striking Word Form: magnificently, magnificence
Synonym: extraordinary, glorious, grand, splendid, superb, wonderful Example: It is a magnificent country house in wooded grounds.
Make a point (verb phrase): meyakinkan Definition: to give a fact, idea, or opinion Word Form: -
Synonym: make sure
Example: One person is making a point to the others.
Make things awkward (verb phrase): membuat aneh Definition: causing embarrassment or inconvenience Word Form: -
Synonym: uncomfortable, uneasy, tense, nervous, edgy, unquiet, self-conscious, embarrassed Example: She could make things very awkward if she wanted to.
Manage (verb): mengelola, mengatur, mengurus
Definition: be in charge of (a company, establishment, or undertaking); succeed in surviving or in attaining one’s aims, especially against heavy odds
Word Form: manages, managing, managed
Synonym: conduct, carry on, direct, keep, operate, ordain, run
Example: Somehow, he’d managed to persuade Kay to buy one for him.
Mediate (verb): menengahi
Definition: intervene between people in a dispute in order to bring about an agreement or reconciliation; bring about (a result such as a physiological effect)
Word Form: mediates, mediating, mediated, mediator
Synonym: interpose, intercede, interfere, intermediate, intervene, step in
Example: United Nations officials have mediated a serious of peace meetings between the two sides.
Medical (adjective): medis
Definition: relating to illness and injuries and to their treatment or prevention Word Form: medically, medicals
Synonym: physician, doc, doctor, medico
Example: Several police officers received medical treatment for cuts and bruises.
Mishandle (verb): menyalahgunakan
Definition: manage or deal with (something) wrongly or ineffectively Word Form: mishandles, mishandling, mishandled
Synonym: abuse, misapply, disapprove, misuse, pervert, prostitute
Example: She completely mishandled an important project purely through lack of attention.
Mow (verb): menyiangi, memotong rumput
Definition: cut down (an area of grass) with a machine Word Form: mows, mowing, mowed, mown
Synonym: clip, crop, cut, weed, pull up
Example: He continued to mow the lawn and do other routine chores.
Municipal (adjective): yang berkenaan dengan kota Definition: associated with or belonging to a city or town Word Form: municipality
Synonym: urban, city
Example: A new mayor will be elected in the upcoming municipal election.
N
Neat (adjective): rapi, teratur
Definition: (of a place or thing) arranged in an orderly, tidy way; done with or demonstrating skill or efficiency
Word Form: neater, neatest
Synonym: orderly, prim, shipshape, snug, spick-and-span, tidy, trim, uncluttered, well-groomed Example: He folded his clothes in a neat pile on the chair.
O
Obtain (verb): memperoleh, mendapatkan
Definition: get, acquire, or secure (something); be prevalent, customary, or established Word Form: obtains, obtaining, obtained
Synonym: acquire, annex, chalk up, gain, have, pick up, procure, secure, win Example: The perfect body has always been difficult to obtain.
Offense (noun): pelanggaran, kejahatan
Definition: a crime that breaks a particular law and requires a punishment Word Form: offenses
Synonym: attack, aggression, assailment, assault, offensive, downfall, onset, onslaught
Example: A criminal offense is an act committed by someone which is in direct violation of the laws of a particular count
Overpass (noun): jalan layang, jembatan penyeberangan
Definition: a structure which carries one road over the top of another one Word Form: overpasses
Synonym: viaduct
Example: The highway ends at the overpass.
Overthrow (verb): menggulingkan, menjatuhkan Definition: remove forcibly from power
Word Form: overthrows, overthrowing, overthrew, overthrown
Synonym: overturn, knock over, overset, tip (over), topple, turn over, upset Example: That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.
P
Participant (noun): peserta
Definition: a person who takes part in something Word Form: participants
Synonym: actor, partaker, participator, party, sharer
Example: The speaker gave all participants an opportunity to voice their opinions.
Pharmacy (noun): farmasi
Definition: a department where medicines are sold or given; a store where medical drugs are dispensed and sold
Word Form: pharmacies, pharmacist Synonym: drugstore
Example: Make sure you understand exactly how to take your medicines before you leave the pharmacy.
Pile (noun/verb): tumpukan, tiang pancang, gundukan
Definition: a quantity of things that have been put neatly somewhere so that each thing is on top of the one below
Word Form: piles, piling, piled
Synonym: drift, heap, hill, mass, mound, mountain, mow, pyramid Example: There is a pile of boxes in the garage.
Plot (verb): merencanakan
Definition: secretly make plans to carry out (an illegal or harmful action) Word Form: plots, plotting, plotted
Synonym: collude, connive, conspire, contrive, devise, intrigue, machinate, scheme, plan, arrange, organize, hatch, concoct, dream up, cook up, scheme, intrigue, machinate
Example: Prosecutors in the trial allege the defendants plotted to overthrow the government.
Polish (noun): semir, poles, memoles, menyemir, menggosok
Definition: a substance that you put on the surface of an object in order to clean it and make it shine; make the surface of (something) smooth and shiny by rubbing it
Word Form: polishes, polishing, polished
Synonym: luster, glaze, glint, gloss, sheen, shine, burnish, wax, lacquer, shellac
Example: She used furniture polish to restore her dance shoes back to their original color.
Precision (noun/adjective): ketelitian, teliti Definition: made or done in a very exact way Word Form: preciseness, precise
Synonym: accuracy, correctness, definiteness, definitiveness, definitude, exactitude, exactness, preciseness
Example: The interior is planned with a precision the military would be proud of.
Preference (noun): preferensi, pilihan
Definition: a feeling of liking or wanting one person or thing more than another person or thing;
an advantage that is given to some people or things and not to others Word Form: preferences, prefer, preferred, preferably
Synonym: choice, desire, favorite, option, selection
Example: Many or these products were bought because customers had a preference for them.
Prescription (noun): resep
Definition: a medicine which a doctor has told you to take; an instruction written by a medical practitioner that authorizes a patient to be provided a medicine or treatment
Word Form: prescriptions
Synonym: instruction, authorization, scrip, recipe
Example: Can I discontinue taking my prescription? I feel fine now.
Presidential (adjective): presidensial
Definition: activities or things relate or belong to a president Word Form: president
Synonym: -
Example: There are several presidential candidates.
Prestigious (adjective): bergengsi
Definition: having a good reputation especially in a field of knowledge; inspiring respect and admiration; having high status
Word Form: prestige, prestigiously
Synonym: famous, celebrated, distinguished, eminent, famed, illustrious, notable, prominent, renowned, reputable, respected, esteemed, eminent, august, highly regarded, acclaimed, leading, influential, affluential
Example: It’s one of the best equipped and most prestigious schools in the country.
Prison (noun): penjara
Definition: a building where criminals are kept as punishment or where people accused of crime are kept before their trial
Word Form: prisons, imprison, imprisoned
Synonym: can, cooler, lockup, pen, penitentiary, reformatory, stockade Example: After being convicted of bank robbery, she was sent to prison.
Procedure (noun): prosedur
Definition: a way of doing something, especially the usual or correct way; an established or official way of doing something
Word Form: procedures
Synonym: proceeding, course of action, plan of action, action plan, policy, series of steps, method, system,strategy, way, approach, formula, mechanism, methodology, modus operandi, MO, technique,routine, drill, practice, operation
Example: Police insist that Chia-Chin Yu did not follow the correct procedures in applying for a visa.
Profitable (adjective): menguntungkan
Definition: (of a business or activity) yielding profit or financial gain Word Form : profit
Synonym: advantageous, gainful, good, lucrative, moneymaking, paying, remunerative, well- paying, worthwhile
Example: Drug manufacturing is the most profitable business in America.
Proposal (noun): usul, cadangan
Definition: a plan or an idea, often a formal or written one, which is suggested for people to think about and decide upon
Word Form: proposals
Synonym: invitation, proffer, proposition, suggestion
Example: A proposal outlining how the new voting district would be drawn up was submitted to the City Council.
Prosecutor (noun): jaksa, penuntut
Definition: a lawyer or official who brings charges against someone or tries to prove in a trial that he/she is guilty
Word Form: prosecutors Synonym: accuser, plaintiff
Example: Due to a preponderance of evidence presented by the prosecutor, the man was found guilty of murder.
Prospect (noun): prospek, kemungkinan, harapan
Definition: the possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring; a person regarded as likely to succeed or as a potential customer, client, etc.
Word Form: prospects, prospecting, prospected Synonym: vista, lookout, outlook, perspective
Example: What are my promotion prospects in this job?
Pull over (verb): menepi
Definition: to steer one’s vehicle to the side of the road; moves closer to the side of the road and stops there
Word Form: - Synonym: step aside
Example: Some cars have pulled over to the side of the road.
Pupil (noun): murid
Definition: a student in school Word Form: pupils
Synonym: students
Example: I teach private pupils on Wednesday.
Put out (verb): memadamkan, mengeluarkan
Definition: cause (a fire or light) to cease to burn or shine; make something stop burning Word Form: -
Synonym: extinguish, douse, out, quench, squelch
Example: Fireman tried to free the injured and put out the blaze.
R
Reflect (verb): mencerminkan, menggambarkan
Definition: to reproduce or show (an exact likeness) as a mirror would; think deeply or carefully about
Word Form: reflects, reflecting, reflected
Synonym: think, cerebrate, cogitate, deliberate, reason, speculate, express, conjecture Example: The low value of the dollar reflects growing concern about the U.S.
Relapse (verb): mengulangi
Definition: (of someone suffering from a disease) suffer deterioration after a period of improvement
Word Form: relapses, relapsing, relapsed Synonym: lapse, backslide, recidivate
Example: In 90 percent of cases, the patient will relapse within six months.
Replacement (noun): penggantian
Definition: the action or process of replacing someone or something Word Form: replace, replaced
Synonym: alternate, backup, fill-in, pinch hitter, stand-in, sub, surrogate Example: Let’s investigate the problem before we dispatch replacements.
Reserve (noun): cadangan, simpanan
Definition: a supply of something that is available for use when it is needed Word Form: reserves, reservation
Synonym: backlog, hoard, inventory, nest egg, reservoir, stock, stockpile, store, supply Example: A friend can be a reserve of help in times of trouble.
Resist (verb): menolak, melawan, menahan Definition: withstand the action or effect of Word Form: resists, resisting, resisted
Synonym: buck, combat, contest, dispute, duel, fight, oppose, repel, traverse, withstand Example: They resisted our attempt to modernize the distribution of books.
Restrict (verb): membatasi, mempersempit Definition: put a limit on; keep under control Word Form: restricts, restricting, restricted
Synonym: limit, bar, circumscribe, confine, delimit, delimitate
Example: The French, I believe, restrict Japanese imports to a maximum of three percent or their market.
Retain (verb): menahan
Definition: to continue to have that thing Word Form: retains, retaining, retained Synonym: have, enjoy, hold, own, possess
Example: Other countries retained their traditional and habitual ways of doing things.
Retard (verb): memperlambat
Definition: delay or hold back in terms of progress, development, or accomplishment Word Form: retards, retarding, retarded
Synonym: delay, decelerate, detain, hang up, mire, set back, slacken, slow (up or down) Example: Continuing violence will retard negotiations over the country’s future.
Revise (verb): merevisi, memperbaiki
Definition: reconsider and alter (something) in the light of further evidence; reread work done previously to improve one’s knowledge of a subject, typically to prepare for an examination Word Form: revises, revising, revised
Synonym: redraft, redraw, restyle, revamp, rework, rewrite, work over
Example: The staff should work together to improve or revise the syllabus or school curriculum.
Revision (noun): revisi, perbaikan Definition: the action of revising Word Form: revisions
Synonym: recession, redraft, review, revisal, revise
Example: The government will also make a number of revisions to reflect better data since the original figures were released.
Rival (noun/verb): saingan
Definition: a person, business, or organization against whom you are competing or fighting in the same area or for the same things
Word Form: rivals, rivaling, rivaled
Synonym: challenger, competitor, contender, adversary, enemy Example: He eliminated his rival in brutal struggle for power.
Routine (noun): rutin, kebiasaan sehari-hari
Definition: a sequence of actions regularly followed; a fixed program Word Form: routines
Synonym: ordinary, everyday, plain, plain Jane, quotidian, unremarkable, usual, workaday Example: The operator has to be able to carry out routine maintenance of the machine.
Row (noun): barisan, deretan
Definition: a number of people or things in a more or less straight line; a period of rowing Word Form: rows
Synonym: line, file, queue, rank, string, tier
Example: The men are arranging school desks and chairs into neat rows.
Rub (verb): menggosok, mengusap
Definition: move a cloth backward and forward over it in order to clean or dry it; move one’s hand or a cloth repeatedly back and forth on the surface of (something) with firm pressure Word Form: rubs, rubbing, rubbed
Synonym: buff, burnish, furbish, glance, glaze, gloss, shine
Example: She took off her glasses and rubbed them hard.
Run (verb): menjalankan, lari
Definition: move at a speed faster than a walk, never having both or all the feet on the ground at the same time
Word Form: runs, ran, running
Synonym: function, operate, administer, control, govern, and manage Example: His stepfather ran a prosperous paint business.
S
Secure (verb): menjamin, mengamankan
Definition: fix or attach (something) firmly so that it cannot be moved or lost Word Form: secures, securing, secured
Synonym: cover, fend, guard, protect, safeguard, screen, shield Example: Federal leaders continued their efforts to secure a ceasefire.
Seize (verb): merebut, menangkap, menyita
Definition: take hold of suddenly and forcibly; (of a machine with moving parts or a moving part in a machine) become stuck or jammed
Word Form: seizes, seizing, seized
Synonym: annex, arrogate, commandeer, confiscate, expropriate, preempt, sequester, grab, grasp, snatch, take hold of, get one’s hands on, grip, clutch, nab
Example: Army officers plotted a failed attempt yesterday to seize power.
Settle (verb): menyelesaikan, menetap, mengendap
Definition: resolve or reach an agreement about (an argument or problem); adopt a more steady or secure style of life, especially in a permanent job and home
Word Form: settles, settling, settled, settlement
Synonym: calm, allay, becalm, compose, lull, quiet, quieted, soothe, still, tranquilize Example: They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation.
Shipping (noun): pengiriman
Definition: the transporting of cargo as a business, especially on ships; ships considered collectively, especially those in a particular area or belonging to a particular country Word Form: ship, ships
Synonym: direct, freight, export
Example: The international shipping industry performs seventy-five percent of the world’s exports and imports.
Sip (verb): menyesap, minum sedikit demi sedikit Definition: drink (something) by taking small mouthfuls Word Form: sips, sipping, sipped
Synonym: drink, imbibe, quaff, sup (off or up), swallow, toss Example: He sipped at the glass and then put it down.
Specification (noun): spesifikasi, rincian
Definition: a requirement which is clearly stated, for example about the necessary features in the design of something; an act of describing or identifying something precisely or of stating a precise requirement
Word Form: specifications Synonym: requirement, guideline
Example: I’d like to buy some land and have a house built to my specification.
Specify (verb): menentukan, menetapkan Definition: identify clearly and definitely
Word Form: specifies, specifying, specified, specific, specifically Synonym: cite, instance, name
Example: He has not specified what action he would like them to take.
Spread (verb): menyebarkan, menyebar, merambat
Definition: open out (something) so as to extend its surface area, width, or length Word Form : spreads, spreading, spread
Synonym: circulate, diffuse, disperse, disseminate, distribute, propagate, radiate, strew Example: News of the large earthquake quickly spread across the nation.
Standardize (verb): membakukan
Definition: to change them so that they all are the same; cause (something) to conform to a standard
Word Form: standard, standardizes, standardizing, standardized
Synonym: systematize, make consistent, make uniform, make comparable, regulate, normalize, bring into line, equalize, homogenize, regiment
Example: He feels standardized education does not benefit those children who are either below or above overage.
Stem (noun): batang, tangkai
Definition: the thin, upright part on which the flowers and leaves grow Word Form: stems, stemming, stemmed
Synonym: stalk, shoot, trunk, stock, cane, bine
Example: He stepped down, cut the stem for her with his knife, and handed her the flower.
Step-father (noun): ayah tiri
Definition: man who has married a child’s mother after the death or divorce of his father Word Form: -
Synonym: -
Example: Her step-father has been married to her mother for five years.
Straighten up, straighten (verb): meluruskan, tegak Definition: make or become straight
Word Form: straightens, straightening, straightened
Synonym: order, arrange, array, dispose, marshal, methodize, systemize Example: She sipped her coffee and straightened a picture on the wall.
Struggle (verb/noun): berjuang, perjuangan
Definition: make forceful or violent efforts to get free of restraint or constriction; a forceful or violent effort to get free of restraint or resist attack
Word Form: struggles, struggling, struggled
Synonym: attempt, endeavor, offer, seek, strive, undertake, fight, scuffle, brawl, tussle, wrestling bout, skirmish, fracas, melee, breach of the peace, scrap
Example: They had to struggle against all kinds of adversity.
Subcontractor (noun): pemborong bawahan, pemborong eceran
Definition: a person or firm that has a contract to do part of job which another firm is responsible for
Word Form: subcontractors Synonym: -
Example: The company was considered as a possible subcontractor to build the airplane.
Subject (verb): pokok bahasan
Definition: cause or force to undergo (a particular experience of form of treatment) Word Form: subjects, subjecting, subjected
Synonym: expose, lay (open), uncover
Example: The budget proposal you wrote contains some excellent initiatives, but we made a few revisions that would ensure we are not subjecting ourselves to unrealistic price expectations from the subcontractors.
Submit (verb): menyerahkan, mengajukan
Definition: accept or yield to a superior force or to the authority or will of another person Word Form: submits, submitting, submitted
Synonym: bring, deliver, present, offer, proffer, tender, send in, provide Example: They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.
