CONTENTS

Acknowledgments

vii

Introduction

ix

Part 1: Drawing Communication, Equipment, Fundamentals, and Classification Systems

C H A P T E R 1 .

Drawing as Communication

3

Drawing for Idea Generation 4

Drawing as Design and Presentation Media 6

Drawing as a Guide for Construction 8

Issues Affecting How Interior Designers Communicate 8

C H A P T E R 2 .

Drafting Equipment and Their Care

13

Drawing Tables and Surfaces 13

Drawing Papers and Plastic Film 14

Pencils, Leads, and Pens 16

Parallel Bar, T-square, and Drafting Machines 18

Triangles, Templates, and Compasses 19

Additional Equipment 24

C H A P T E R 3 .

Drawing and Drafting Fundamentals

25

Starting the Drawing 26

Drafting Standards, Abbreviations, and Symbols 30

Lettering 32

C H A P T E R 4 .

Drawing Classification Systems

35

Multiview Drawings 36

Single-view Drawings 37

Axonometric Projections 38

Oblique Projections 41

Perspective Drawings 42

Part 2: Contract Documents

C H A P T E R 5 .

Construction Drawings, Specifications, and Contracts

53

Specifications ⁵³

Construction Drawings ⁵⁷

Guidelines for Preparing Construction Drawings ⁶⁴

Drawing Conventions and Representations ⁶⁸

Modular Units ⁷⁸

C H A P T E R 6 .

As-Built Drawings and Demolition Plans

79

As-Built Drawings ⁷⁹

Demolition Plans ⁸⁶

C H A P T E R 7 .

Floor Plans

91

Floor Plans in Modular Units ⁹³

Wall and Partition Types and Construction ⁹⁶

Scale of Floor Plans ⁹⁹

Drafting Standards ¹⁰⁰

Walls in Plan View ¹⁰¹

Doors and Windows in Plan View ¹⁰³

Graphic and Text Notation on Floor Plans ¹⁰⁸

Architectural Symbols ¹¹¹

Dimensioning Floor Plans ¹¹⁶

Designation of Materials ¹²⁰

C H A P T E R 8 .

Fire and Life Safety Plans

123

Building Code Compliance Analysis ¹²³

Fire and Life Safety Plans ¹²⁸

C H A P T E R 9 .

Elevations

131

Exterior Elevations ¹³⁷

Interior Elevations ¹³⁸

Scale of Interior Elevations ¹³⁸

Drafting Standards for Interior Elevations ¹³⁹

Designation of Materials ¹⁴⁵

Dimensioning Elevations ¹⁴⁷

CONTENTS

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C H A P T E R 1 0 .

Sections

149

Types of Section Drawings 151

Drafting Standards 153

Building Sections 154

Sections of Interior Spaces 156

Wall Sections 157

Detail and Object Sections 159

C H A P T E R 1 1 .

Specialty Drawings

161

Purpose of Specialty Drawings 161

Stairs and Ramps 164

Millwork 167

Cabinetry 173

Fireplaces 177

C H A P T E R 1 2 .

Door and Window Schedules

181

Doors 181

Door Classifications: Operation, Types, and Materials 181

Door Hardware 184

Door and Hardware Schedules 189

Windows 192

Window Schedules 193

C H A P T E R 1 3 .

Finish Schedules and Finish Plans

197

Room Finish Schedules 197

Finish Plans 200

Drafting Standards for Finish Plans 202

C H A P T E R 1 4 .

Furniture Installation Plans

207

Scale of Furniture Installation Plans 212

Drafting Standards for Furniture Installation Plans 212

Dimensioning Furniture Installation Plans 214

Designation of Materials 214

C H A P T E R 1 5 .

Furnishings and Equipment Plans

217

Scale of Drawings 221

Drafting Standards 221

Designation of Materials 223

Dimensioning Furnishings and Equipment Plans 223

C H A P T E R 1 6 .

Reflected Ceiling, Lighting, and Electrical Plans

225

Lighting 226

Types of Drawings 229

Types of Ceiling Systems 229

Code Issues Affecting Lighting 234

Sustainability Issues in Lighting and Daylighting 236

Lighting and the Reflected Ceiling Plan 238

Electrical or Power Plans 250

C H A P T E R 1 7 .

Mechanical and Plumbing Plans

257

Mechanical (HVAC) Plans 257

Scale of HVAC Plans 261

Drafting Standards for HVAC Plans 262

Designation of HVAC Materials 264

Plumbing Plans 265

C H A P T E R 1 8 .

Reproduction Methods and Computers

271

Reproduction of Drawings 272

Using Computers for Design, Communication, and Drafting 275

Appendix A. Example Numbering for Simple Interior Project Table of Contents

277

Appendix B. MasterFormat™, 2004 Edition Level 1 and 2 Numbers and Titles

279

Appendix C. Sample ADA Guidelines

293

Appendix D. Abbreviations for Construction Drawings

297

Glossary

299

Index

305

vi CONTENTS

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