Countering The Erosion of Pancasila Values in The Millennial Generation Through a Digital Approach
Rahmat Salam1, Evi Satispi1, Izzatussolekha1, Muhammad Sahrul1
1Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Indonesia
* corresponding author
I. Introduction
Pancasila is the Indonesian people's way of life. Pancasila, as a guideline, is also a direction for how daily Indonesians think and act [1]. Since before Pancasila was employed as the basis of the state and formalized into a value system, its values have been reflected in social life as the nation's outlook on life [2]. The importance of the first Pancasila tenet, which is to believe in God, is already ingrained throughout the archipelago. Then, other principles like cooperation, tolerance, debate, solidarity (social solidarity), and others. The nation's founders struggled for the independence of Indonesia's beloved homeland, which resulted in the formulation of Pancasila. Similar to the efforts of the nation's founding fathers, the Indonesian people must continue their fight to uphold the Pancasila values [3].
Like a tree, Pancasila, which was established by the nation's founders as the state's foundation through excavation, absorption, contextualization, rationalization, and actualization, must be maintained and cultivated [4]. When deviations from the Pancasila values occur, the sustainability of the Indonesian nation-state is jeopardized. When there is neglect, disobedience, and deviation from the Pancasila's values, the Pancasila is weakened [5]. Obviously, this is not what is desired. During the fertilization and illumination processes, the growth rate of this Pancasila must be attentively managed with full comprehension, precision, and persistence. Over time, Pancasila's values began to wane [6].
In the contemporary digital era, the approach used to inculcate Pancasila ideals must be modified to the growth of the digital world in order for it to be accepted by the greater community [7]. It is anticipated that digital information and communication technologies will instill Pancasila values throughout the millennial generation. As a pillar of the state's ideology, Pancasila must also be implemented, with the target audience adapted accordingly [8]. Consequently, the foundation of the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) may be comprehended, accepted, and implemented by all Indonesians.
ARTICLE INFO A B S T R A C T
Article history:
Received 17 June 2022 Revised 04 Sept 2022 Accepted 01 Nov 2022
In the era of globalization, western culture has established itself in Indonesia.
It has become a common occurrence and has had a profound impact on the lives of the Indonesian people, particularly the millennial generation, which should be the nation's next generation. Internet-based inculcation of the Pancasila ideology's values is vitally important in the digital age. All Indonesians, even the millennial age, may comprehend and implement the Pancasila ideals in the life of society, nation, and state if they are taught the necessary formulas and procedures. This study employs a qualitative, descriptive methodology. The results demonstrate that Pancasila, as a philosophy, may be stated in a variety of basic living forms. As an open worldview, Pancasila cannot be divorced from the impact of contemporary societal values. The growth of fake news, such as social politics and racial hatred, is currently putting Pancasila to the test. As a result, as members of the millennial generation born during the digital era, they must be proficient with technology and social media. In addition, social media platforms offer opportunity for millennials to adopt Pancasila values. By sticking to the significance of Pancasila, the state's position is secured and national integration is maintained..
Copyright © 2017 International Journal of Artificial Intelegence Research.
All rights reserved.
Keywords:
Pancasila Values, Millennials, Social-Media, Digital
The increasingly widespread use of the internet has succeeded in connecting every individual to a large and unlimited system, so internet use in Indonesia is increasing yearly [9]. The internet has replaced conventional mass media such as television, radio, and print media such as magazines and newspapers. Technology can combine text, sound, and images to make it more lively and can happen interactively [10]. The internet then presents social media, a container, or various applications to meet human social needs online. Social media can connect individuals, get and receive information, and express themselves through their social media [11].
Social media users are dominated by the millennial generation, who are familiar with digitization and growing along with technology development [12]. Social media presence is a means for the millennial generation to establish and develop friendships and share the interests of their fellow networks. In addition to establishing relationships with other people, the millennial generation also uses social media as a forum that provides opportunities to entertain themselves [13]. Social media is like a free and vast space so that the millennial generation can freely do various things on social media to achieve satisfaction [14].
[14] states that the development of technology, communication, and information, drives change in society. These changes have a broad impact on the Indonesian people in various aspects, such as aspects of values, beliefs, norms, and behavior. The behavior of people on social media is no exception, which is a form of change in progress in communication. Social media is a very free public space, so in activities on social media, it is indispensable to pay attention to ethics in interacting with other individuals [15]. Ethics that must be considered cannot be separated from the embodiment of Pancasila values. It can be said that Pancasila, as a noble value that contains meaning, hope, and noble ideals, should be implemented in the real world and in cyberspace to maintain national unity [16].
As a country with the most significant number of social media users worldwide, Indonesian people can freely pour out their hearts to the broader community. No wonder there is little content that is controversial and viral quickly. Various kinds of outpourings were tweeted without a second thought [17]. Unfortunately, some forget the ITE Law, which regulates the ethics of interacting in cyberspace.
Recently, there have been a lot of hoaxes or fake news circulating. The spread of hoaxes can weaken the value of Pancasila because hoaxes have succeeded in sending a stream of hatred that can endanger the integrity of the nation and state [18]. Especially concerning the issue of SARA. Most people do not know if it is right or wrong. Therefore, this research formulates that the millennial generation can prevent the erosion of Pancasila values through a digital approach using social media and pro- Pancasila applications.
II. Methods
This research is descriptive in nature and is based on qualitative analysis. This method explains the outcomes of study observations using word descriptions, rather than statistical processes. The author employs a literature review. According to [19], qualitative research is founded on the ideology of post- positivism (the search for meaning behind the data). According to [20], qualitative research uses a natural environment to comprehend phenomena by describing these phenomena and discussing the effect of actions on a live phenomenon. The results of the analysis in qualitative research refer to the logic of analysis, starting from the research perspective, the subject being observed, data collection, and analysis until the systematics of writing cannot be separated from the attention in writing. A researcher is an essential instrument and data collection technique employing a combination (triangulation) to examine scientific objects. The nature of the inductive and qualitative data analysis and the research results emphasizes meaning rather than generalizations (general conclusions).
The research instrument is a human instrument. That is, the one who acts or who performs as an instrument is the researcher himself. The researcher tries to write to explain the implementation of Pancasila values to the millennial generation, which comes from books and journals. Where the researcher takes a research focus, then looks for sources, analyzes data, and obtains conclusions or meanings from the results of the literature study.
III. Result and Discussion
A. The erosion of Pancasila values among millennials
The currents of globalization and modernization have caused the value of Pancasila to begin to fade in the millennial generation. The struggle to gain independence from the colonial nation has ended. However, the challenge to maintain independence is unfinished and will not be finished. It seems that the development of the times will continue and cannot be avoided or rejected. Therefore, considering the importance of education and learning for citizens of the Republic of Indonesia to maintain the fighting spirit for independence, a sense of nationality, and love for the homeland [23].
Indonesia's science and technology are becoming increasingly sophisticated, and the 4.0 Industrial Revolution has begun to penetrate the country. Inseparable from the progress of science and technology are the cultural and religious ideals that shape the nation's morals. An illustration is the application of the third precept of unity. However, people today live distant from the value of unity and rely on more modern technology advances to accomplish their needs and desires. His other impacts were both internal and external to Indonesian society. Pancasila is believed to exist as an idea and can bolster people's attitudes and character to meet contemporary difficulties [21].
Pancasila, which encompasses a number of exceptional core principles, is a commitment to state and state recognition and serves as the foundation for the development of the Indonesian nation's character. A multiethnic state can be employed as a total value, common denominator, national identity, and values that are regarded easy to attain (ideal values) according to structural functionalism [22]. With the rapid development of science and technology in Indonesia, the nation that embodies the Pancasila principles is also vanishing, which will result in the decline of the younger generation in this millennium.
The current trend of globalization has an effect on the development of traditional Indonesian culture. The rapid expansion of information and communications has resulted in a tendency to diminish cultural characteristics. Weak individuals will contribute to the preservation of their nation's culture [24]. Foreign culture has supplanted Indonesian culture, which is synonymous with friendliness, cooperation, mutual aid, and courtesy; the style of attire of Indonesian adolescents who have always adhered to the standards of etiquette has altered with time. In urban areas, young ladies wear revealing clothing to flaunt their bodies. This culture of scant clothing was acquired from Western films and periodicals, which were then adapted into soap operas in Indonesia.
From the results of field observations carried out by the authors, several people, especially the millennial generation, show an attitude that does not reflect the values of Pancasila in their daily lives.
There is often an attitude of individuality when gathered in one place, where everyone only focuses on their gadgets. Even if friends are next to them, they still play with gadgets, just like they do not care about the people around them. Often groups that do not defend their rights defend their wrongdoing because their accomplices involved in the case made a mistake and seemed not to have much attitude. That is, the attitude of prioritizing others in social interaction; this attitude will accompany each other and choose to be friends. Then, awareness of the sense of responsibility to protect the surrounding environment has faded, the sense of cooperation is gradually weakening, groups destroying public facilities, corruption, collusion and nepotism, and frequent violations of traffic regulations.
Our efforts aim to foster a more selective attitude in the times and globalization and adopt positive aspects of the globalization process. One of the essential aspects of this effort is parents. Parents play an important role in educating children; parents are expected to understand and sort out the positive and negative impacts caused by globalization from minor things so that the harmful effects of globalization will not swallow up children. It is a very worrying thing; on the other hand, the fault is not entirely on the part of the millennial generation or the people, but there are also some mistakes in the government.
Millennials' understanding of nationalism and patriotism is fading by the notion of globalism.
Fierce economic competition and conditions of globalization have led to conflicts in several countries.
Such conditions occur in all countries in the world, including Indonesia, the power of foreign capital is becoming more and more rampant, and the scale is expanding. Not forgetting the impact of globalization, which also causes inter-ethnic and inter-religious conflicts, is very concerning.
According to [25], the millennial generation consists of those born between the 1980s and the early 2000s and is also known as Generation Y, Generation Net, Generation WE, Generation Boomerang, and Generation Peter Pan, among other names. They are referred to as millennials because they are the generation living at the turn of the century. At the same time, digital technology has begun to permeate many facets of modern life. This generation employs a variety of instant messaging tools, including email, SMS, and social networking platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.
This generation's social life is highly dependent on existing information and communication technologies; in this case, internet-based information and communication technologies are the most extensively used. Therefore, this generation is the generation with the highest level of internet usage today. This very high dependence on the internet causes the millennial generation to prefer to use the internet as a source of information and communication because the internet is considered more promising for ease of use and speed of access [26]. Here are the characteristics of the millennial generation:
1) Millennials are always connected to the outside world through the mobile internet they carry everywhere. Through their laptops and mobile phones, they are always connected to information and the virtual world community. This connection to the virtual world is what causes them to be very dependent on the existence of the internet [27].
2) Immediate: Millennials always want speed related to the response they expect or speed in obtaining information. They are used to multitasking in obtaining information or in doing anything. They quickly move from one activity to another, and sometimes they do it simultaneously. They quickly respond to emails or requests for a response from their community; maybe they even prioritize speed over accuracy [27].
3) Social: Millennials are very interested in social interaction, whether chatting with old friends, posting web diaries (blogging), sharing information, and socializing through social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and others. They are open to diversity and difference and are comfortable interacting with strangers even though they do not know[27]. Millennials are the people who are most often, even continuously, connected to social media. Sometimes, what they do on social media only shows their daily existence; they do not even hesitate to pour out their hearts through social media.
4) Millennials seem more individual, ignore political issues, focus on materialistic values, and care less about helping others compared to Generation X and the baby boom generation at the same age.
5) Millennials are open-minded individuals and advocates of equal rights (for example, about LGBT or minorities). They also have good self-confidence, can express their feelings, and are liberal, optimistic, and receptive to ideas and ways of life.
6) Millennials are often accused of being a spoiled generation with a lousy work ethic and spending too much time in front of the television or smartphone. Many call it the generation of confusion because they often do not feel at home in one place or pursue something.
Smartphones are the fruit of technology, devices closely related to today's daily life. This tool then becomes a tool to support various activities, hobbies, and all aspects of life. Smartphones were born from the times that continued to develop along the way, but this also made the value of Pancasila slowly erode and weaken among young people and was quickly influenced by various information whose sources were not transparent. A flood of scam information can even lead to one person fighting with another. This also affects the character of the nation's future generations, which should have a spirit of nationalism and patriotism but turn into a generation that is indifferent to their own country, not spared from the role of education and the surrounding environment [28].
The young generation with an attitude of nationalism, patriotism, and potential will be able to fulfill their potential, face all challenges, and provide solutions to the various problems they face. However, some young people have done things that make this country worse, and many of them have occurred.
The fact shows that teenagers are involved in various events, such as crime, drugs, alcohol, promiscuity, sexual harassment, and student fights; this situation is very worrying. Portraits from various events show that young people pay little attention to the fate of their country and what the future of the Indonesian nation and state will be like. Challenges are also problems that are so complex
that our generation cannot face them; therefore, realizing the ideals of national progress will only be wishful thinking.
According to [29], the younger generation must develop the character of nationalism through three processes, the first of which involves character builders or character builders of the younger generation playing a role in building the positive character of the nation through strong will, in order to uphold moral values and internalize them in real life. The second is character empowerment or character enablement for the younger generation to become role models of healthy national character development by taking the initiative to generate collective awareness with strong cohesion, such as through advocating for dispute resolution. In addition, the final option is character engineer or character engineer. Following the times, the younger generation plays a role, succeeds in science and culture, and is active in the learning process of establishing the nation's good character [30]. Regarding efforts to promote Pancasila values:
1) Having one religion and being diligent in that religion, and not forcing others to convert to his religion.
2) It must instill the soul to appreciate the differences between the many ethnic groups, races, and religions. Furthermore, maintain etiquette and decency.
3) Love the homeland and participate in maintaining the unity of the nation.
4) Rely on deliberation and consensus to achieve common goals.
5) Always helping others in trouble, respecting the deliberation results, and fighting for justice.
B. Planting Pancasila Values through a Digital Approach using Social-Media
The digital world with which millennials are familiar is both a challenge and an opportunity for Pancasila socialization initiatives. The digital world must be treated in an appropriate manner using information technology if it is to serve as a way of communicating Pancasila principles to young people. Utilizing the digital world should ideally be one of the strategies for establishing Pancasila among the millennial age. This is significant since there is a propensity for some young people to lack Pancasila comprehension. Seven hours a day, on average, are spent by young people utilizing electronic devices. So that Pancasila is not only a term, it is vital to use digital information technology to teach Pancasila principles in the millennial age. This socialization should be more applicable and current in order to avoid becoming jargon or dogma. The delivery must accommodate current developments [31].
The dissemination of Pancasila's ideals in the digital realm assures that they are simple to comprehend, live, and practice for the nation's population. Additionally, socialization is anticipated to focus on the targeted sector or community. Thus, the given socialization content was well received.
The socialization of Pancasila values is carried out structurally and culturally, one of the methods being the use of social media in the digital realm. The problem for us is whether Pancasila will be eroded by this change, or will it strengthen its importance for Indonesia and is also needed for the association between nations and our attitude towards nature? Pancasila is not just a social contract that is made to live together peacefully by diverse people, but knowledge and life skills that will become a safety net for world civilization because of its flexible and elastic nature like silk so that it will not be scattered because of an independent, egocentric attitude to life. And narrow nationalism [32].
Social media is an online tool that facilitates user interaction by exchanging information, opinions, and interests. Social media consists of a variety of tools and technologies consisting of joint projects (e.g., Wikipedia, Wikispaces), blogs (e.g., WordPress), microblogs (e.g., Twitter), content communities (e.g., YouTube), and social networking sites (e.g., Facebook), Instagram, Path), folksonomies or tagging (e.g., delicious), virtual game worlds (e.g., World of Warcraft), virtual social worlds (e.g., Second Life), and all other internet-based access [33].
Social media is a free place for each individual to interact, get, and provide information. Users often forget this freedom, and the use of social media also requires ethical and moral awareness. The millennial generation is arguably still in an unstable age and is in the process of searching for identity.
Uncontrolled freedom on social media is often misused by users who are none other than the millennial generation to carry out various unethical actions, consciously or unconsciously. Various negative impacts of social media are not balanced with ethical awareness, such as cyberbullying, spreading
fake news or hoaxes, giving hate speech, and even fraud. These negative impacts can occur in the millennial generation as victims and even as perpetrators.
Responding to current conditions, it is essential for millennials as a Pancasila society to return to the Pancasila personality. Pancasila, as the basis of the state, contains the culture and behavior of the Indonesian nation that has existed for a long time. Pancasila, which is dynamic with the times, can meet the needs of its citizens. Therefore, the millennial generation must return and hold fast to Pancasila to address this issue. We can participate in social media because, until now, many people, especially young people, have not used social media as a productive means to disseminate helpful information.
1) Utilization of Social-Media in the First Precept
Lately, the principle of tolerance can be built through social media as a transmitter of information to others; it is also often found that individuals use social media to spread false news (hoaxes) that leads to hate speech. There are many cases of hate speech, such as insults, defamation, blasphemy, and provocations on various social media applications. For example, in the case of chaos in Wamena Papua in September 2019, the cause was because there was hoax content spread on social media. This is because netizens are given personal freedom in exploring social media so that they are free to speak on social media without thinking about the consequences that will follow.
Tolerance on social media can be done by appreciating our compatriots; for example, when they upload a moment of happiness on their holy day, we can appreciate it with positive likes and comments. Then do not spread racial and hate issues. So that good relations between religions are maintained.
2) Utilization of Social-Media in the Second Precept
Humans are placed according to their nature. This means that humans have the same degree before the law. Accordingly, the right to freedom and independence is upheld. This is manifested in a reciprocal attitude of helping, sharing, caring for one another, and loving one another. In this second precept, we must respect and respect the rights and opinions of others, not spread hoax news that can interfere with the rights of others. Do not insult other people easily. Hoax is false information that often appears on the internet to spread panic and mass fear which is the goal.
Several irresponsible persons carry out activities. Via email was the first known medium for spreading internet hoaxes, usually containing a warning about a false claim. However, now that technology is developing, especially mobile phones and social media, the types of hoaxes on the internet are increasing and dangerous. If you are not careful, virtual world users can easily fall prey to these hoaxes and even participate in spreading hoaxes, which will be very detrimental to the victims of slander.
3) Utilization of Social-Media in the Third Precept
Indonesia has cultural diversity from Sabang to Merauke, which causes essential differences to be created; therefore, there is a need for unity and integrity to unite these differences. In various countries, they strengthen themselves in one unit with the motto "Bhinneka Tunggal Ika," which means different but still one. Therefore, Indonesian unity is needed. The application is to uphold unity and not spread the issue of division so that national integration is still fostered. Then we can also like domestic products; for example, we buy domestic products and then post the goods and then mark the account that sells the domestic goods so that people can get to know and know more about domestic products. In this way, the Indonesian economy is hoped to be more advanced.
4) Utilization of Social-Media in the fourth precept
This precept can be applied by cultivating healthy and directed democratic behavior, manifested by not writing malicious comments and cornering other parties. Listen to other people's opinions before deciding something, then do not be easily influenced. It is better before commenting; you have to consider whether the comment hurts other people's feelings; if the comment hurts, it is better not to comment on social media. With the news on social media, we must be wise, not easily provoked.
5) Utilization of Social-Media in the fifth precept
It can be applied to the right to obtain information, access social media, and express opinions without fear. Equal status in the eyes of the law if there are violations related to social media. Then dare to strive for justice for oneself and others and help others seek justice. Using our voice on social media to uphold justice wisely.
The daily life of the millennial generation is identical to social media, so millennials spread the values of Pancasila simply by using social media wisely and creating positive, enlightening content.
As a young generation, we must use social media as an effective means of communication to convey the values of Pancasila. In the most straightforward social media, it is only enough to get used to playing your fingers well and positively. You can also create positive but exciting content that contains Pancasila's values, for example, making videos or short films about Pancasila; it can also be in the form of vlogs. For example, a vlog about the humanitarian movement, namely raising funds to help others affected by disasters or those in need. Then the millennial generation must be able to write like articles, sharpen their minds, and add positive content in today's information flood era.
The younger generation can become agents of renewal for the Indonesian nation, having the ability to analyze changing times, which will undoubtedly have a significant influence on the Indonesian nation so that the younger generation can choose which ones need to be changed and maintained. For example, technological developments are now increasingly rapid and modern to influence the cultivation of the noble values of Pancasila, and it is necessary to expect appreciation and practice of Pancasila values in various kinds of life for the whole community.
IV. Conclusion
Millennials who have a sense of nationalism, patriotism, and their full potential will be able to fulfill all their potential, face all challenges, and provide solutions to various problems faced in the era of globalization. However, some millennials have done things that make this country worse, and many of them have happened. The fact shows that teenagers are involved in various events, such as crime, drugs, alcohol, promiscuity, sexual harassment, and student fights; this situation is very worrying.
Portraits from various events show that the values of Pancasila are increasingly being eroded among millennials. Indonesia needs a quality next generation, and this millennial generation is also expected to be able to spread the values of Pancasila through social media by creating positive content and can preserve the nature of gotong royong typical of Indonesia. The use of social media itself can have positive and negative impacts, both of which we must be able to separate from now on. So, we can use the features and conveniences in social media applications as best and avoid actions that have a negative impact. So, we as millennials must use social media to socialize and communicate behavior that follows Pancasila's values. We must also erode intolerant thoughts with the values of Pancasila.
So, Pancasila remains alive in Indonesian society as the basis of the state.
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