The test instrument evaluated the subjects' response showing their ability to (1) point to the images seen that correspond to the words they. At the age of 19-21 months, the subjects could point to the real objects (wheels, windshield wipers, stars and sky), to the pictures (people), to their body parts (head, shoulders, knees, toes, sky, cheek, chin , hair and lips) when their adult companion mentioned the English words. Memory recitation refers to the subjects' ability to produce the English words they learned through the visual media.
The joint viewing activity also emphasizes toddler-directed speech, which according to Shaffer and Kipp (2010) includes words for objects and activities, for example, an adult companion trying to tell subjects the name of an animal said, “The sheep are jumping. .”.
Elisabeth Marsella
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Before the observation, a list of L1 functions was prepared to see how the teachers use the L1 in the classroom. Meanwhile, the directive appeared in the initial move when teachers gave instructions regarding the classroom and classroom management.
Misconstructing Characters
A Critical Look at the Translation of the Swearing Words Deta Maria Sri Darta
The previous studies only focused on the question of whether the swear words were translated or deleted, leaving out their effect on the portrayal of the characters in the movie. In characterizing characters in a story, swear words can be a tool to help the writer portray the characters. Focusing on the dialogue between the characters, swear words were identified in the English subtitle.
After finding the swear words, they were located in the Indonesian subtitle of the movie. Although it is rated PG-13 in the US, the use of some profanity is quite a lot. This means that the purpose of using the word is not achieved in the target language.
The softening and deletion of swear words results in the distortion of character traits in the translation version. The features of the villain characters have been softened, they are not as wild as in the original version. Swear words were used in the film to convey several messages, one of which carries the characteristics of villains in the US.
Powtoon is a presentation template that has text, audio, animation features and the file is in the form of video presentation. In this research, this scale is to measure students' opinion about powtoon use, whether it can be used again in the following semester or not. The implementation of Powtoon to optimize students' cultural presentation in the ELT class was held after the midterm test because the teacher who was responsible for explaining the material before that.
The topics listed in the table above are taken from the Basic Reading Learning Contract in the academic year of the English Literature Study Program. So their friends could easily identify the material to be explained in the video. Besides, it would also make the lecturer to give the result easily if he put his name in the video.
According to Andrea (2016), generation Z are those born in the year 1995-2000 and surrounded by technology. In addition, related to the use of potoons in statements five to nine, the students showed positive responses by enjoying them in the presentation agreed and 31.8%. strongly agree). Moreover, this digital medium can also be used by the teachers to teach in the classroom as a means of delivering the material as it can grab the attention of students, especially the students who belong to digital native.
Conceptual Meaning of Secretary
Based on the Antconc software, it turns out that there are about 8722 word tokens classified into 1201 parts of speech, with the most frequent usage word 'the' appearing a whopping 517 times. The collocations that go along with secretary are the auxiliary verb 'is', the modality of 'must', 'can' and 'want'. The word "brain" based on the online Cambridge Dictionary means that. the organ in the head that regulates thoughts, memory, feelings, and activity; used to refer to intelligence; a very intelligent person, especially one who has spent a lot of time studying.”.
The word "mind" means "the part of a person that enables them to think, feel and understand things; a highly intelligent person". ORGAN means "an organ in the chest that sends blood around the body"; the word "heart" in relation to EMOTION means "used to denote a person's character or the place in a person from which feelings or emotions are supposed to originate", as in "She has a good heart"; the word "heart" concerns. The word "hand" in connection with PART OF THE BODY means "a part of the body at the end of the hand used to hold, move, touch and feel things". in relation to HELP means "help with something that requires a lot of effort". hand' in relation to PERSON means "a person who does physical work or is in something skilled or experienced".
Let's take a look at the meaning of 'face' by looking it up in the dictionary. as a noun relating to HEAD means "the front of the head where the eyes, nose and mouth are". The word 'face' as a noun relating to FRONT means "the front or surface of an object". According to Evans (2009), "the semantic values associated with words are flexible, open-ended, and highly dependent on the utterance context in which they are embedded."
English Proficiency of Students
It is also expected that with this research, the researchers will find out relevant strategies used to increase students' TOEIC scores. In addition, the students' TOEIC scores can be used by the institution as a reference to determine the appropriate programs and materials and to evaluate the learning outcomes that have been carried out in the class. With the TOEIC score, the teacher or lecturer is able to analyze the ability of their students or the students, which is used as a starting point for consideration when setting learning objectives to improve the students' English language skills as a whole.
The score of the TOEIC Listening and Reading test is determined by the number of correct answers, which is then converted into a rating scale. In addition, students' TOEIC results can be used by institutions as a reference to determine appropriate programs and materials, and can evaluate the learning outcomes that have been done in the classroom (Sudijono, 2001). Politeknik Negeri Balikpapan, especially the Language Center (UPT Bahasa), has developed a TOEIC test for Poltekba students in May 2019, the TOEIC test is one of the requirements that final year students must complete before inauguration.
The TOEIC test was attended by 291 students from 5 programs, they are (1) Banking and Finance, (2) Hospitality, (3) Electrical Engineering, (4) Mechanical Engineering, and (5) Civil Engineering. From the total number of students who took the TOEIC test, there were 66% or 193 students who scored < 400, the results showed that Poltekba students' abilities had not yet reached the standards that had been set by both the institution and the industry , which was a score > 400. From the tests that have been taken, the following is the level of English language proficiency of Poltekba students based on TOEIC scores:.
TOEIC Score Range of Poltekba Students
Based on the graph above, it can be concluded that out of 291 students who took the TOEIC test, the average student had an Elementary level ability, which was achieved by a total of 139 students, or 47% of the total participant is indicated. Listening comprehension items included in the TOEIC test are designed to measure comprehension of spoken English in real-life situations; and reading comprehension items are designed to measure examinees' ability to comprehend types of materials that people use in the business world, including manuals, reports, forms, notices, advertisements, magazines, memoranda, and so on (Wilson, 2000). While the reading comprehension section is still far from the maximum score, the average student score only reaches 156.
This is due to students' difficulties in working with the number of questions in reading comprehension with limited time. Based on an analysis, it can be concluded that the TOEIC results of the students at Politeknik Negeri Balikpapan have an average score of a total of 213 from 291 students. The level of English proficiency of Poltekba students is still at basic and intermediate level.
This is caused by the difficulty of students to work on the number of questions in reading comprehension with limited time and the difficulty in understanding texts or essays. Their vocabulary mastery also became a failure factor in working on problems in reading comprehension. About the TOEIC® Listening and Reading Test. downloaded from http://www.ets.org/toeic/institutions/listening_reading/about).
Scaffolding in Narrative Learning: Appraisal Analysis in Teachers’ Talk
Setyo Prasiyanto Cahyono 1 , Inggy Yuliani Pribady 2
In addition, at the stage of building knowledge in this area, the teacher can offer students different texts as a learning resource. In this way, students can express their thoughts and feelings about the characters and content of the story. Additionally, White (2003) explains that a proclamation is a “textual voice that demonstrates personal investment in the position being advanced”.
In fact, it is the high degree of personal investment in the propositional functions that "closes" the dialogical space for the alternative. In classroom interactions, the teacher embraces alternative voices to have a rich discussion with the students. The classroom interaction below shows the teacher asking students to find the answer by looking at a picture.
From the excerpts of classroom interaction shown above, it can be concluded that the teacher used the resources of assessment and participation to build rapport with the students. Collaborative resources are used to facilitate learning to help students gain new understanding and knowledge. With the help of means of engagement, the teacher directed the students to give their arguments, agree critically or
