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Anthropometric and Biomechanics Analysis of Lower Limb Exoskeleton for Indonesian Population

(Conference Paper) (Open Access)

, , ,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Indonesia, Indonesia

Abstract

Robotic Lower limb exoskeleton is a powered mechanical device for medical rehabilitation of people with disabilities or paralyzed from the waist down (paraplegia). The number of people with paraplegia is quite large in Indonesia, whilst the devices available on the market are very expensive, not affordable to most Indonesian people. And they are designed for the size of European or American. By then, Mechanical Department of Diponegoro University had been developed a prototype of an affordable lower limb exoskeleton robot. This research discusses the anthropometric and biomechanical aspects of the lower limb exoskeleton to fit the Indonesian posture and analyse the biomechanics for the user. Anthropometry analysis was performed using the Jack V8.2 software. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

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Indexed keywords

Engineering controlled terms:

Anthropometry Biomechanics Risk management Systems engineering

Engineering uncontrolled terms

Exoskeleton robots Indonesia Lower limb Mechanical device Number of peoples People with disabilities

Engineering main heading:

Exoskeleton (Robotics)

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering Volume 598, Issue 1, 9 September 2019, Article number 012102

Joint Conference of the 6th Annual Conference of Industrial and System Engineering 2019, ACISE 2019 and 1st International Conference on Risk Management as an Interdisciplinary Approach 2019, ICRMIA 2019; Gumaya HotelSemarang, Central Java; Indonesia; 23 April 2019 through 24 April 2019; Code 152221

Rosyada, Z.F.â  Sulardjakaâ Munadiâ Muslim, E.^b

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References (15)

Munadi, Z.M.I., Ariyanto, M., Iskandar, N., Setiawan, J.D.

(2017) SNTTM Conf Proc, pp. 147-153.

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Atmaja, R., Munadi, Tauviqirrahman, M.

(2017) International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 12 (13), pp. 3864-3866.

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Chen, B., Ma, H., Qin, L.-Y., Gao, F., Chan, K.-M., Law, S.-W., Qin, L., (...), Liao, W.-H.

(Open Access) (2016) Journal of Orthopaedic Translation, 5, pp. 26-37. .

doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2015.09.007

Aliman, N., Ramli, R., Haris, S.M.

(2017) Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 95, pp. 102-116. . doi: 10.1016/j.robot.2017.05.013

Syaifudin, M., Alatas, Z.

(1979) Pros Present Ilm Keselam Radiasi Dan Lingkungan 1996

ISSN: 17578981

Source Type: Conference Proceeding Original language: English

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/598/1/012102 Document Type: Conference Paper Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing

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Stress analysis of lower limb exoskeleton for walking assistance using ﬁnite element method

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Biomechanical design of the Berkeley Lower Extremity Exoskeleton (BLEEX)

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Recent developments and challenges of lower extremity exoskeletons

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Design and development of lower limb exoskeletons: A survey

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(2004) Ergonomi: Konsep Dasar Dan Aplikasinya. . 1st ed (Surabaya: Guna Widya

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(2004) The Lumbar Spine. .

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Karhu, O., Kansi, P., Kuorinka, I.

(1977) Applied Ergonomics, 8 (4), pp. 199-201. . doi: 10.1016/0003-6870(77)90164-8

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ISBN: 978-1-5108-9468-6 ISSN: 1757-8981

6th Annual Conference on Industrial and System

Engineering (6th ACISE 2019)

Semarang, Indonesia 23 – 24 April 2019

Part 1 of 2

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

Volume 598

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Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Annual Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (ACISE) 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 598 (2019) 011001

IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/598/1/011001

1

Foreword from Conference Chair

Welcome to Joint Conference 6th Annual Conference of Industrial and System Engineering 2019 (6th ACISE 2019) and 1st International Conference on Risk Management as an Interdisciplinary Approach 2019 (1st ICRMIA 2019), held 23-24 April 2019 at the Gumaya Hotel, Semarang, Central Java – Indonesia. The conference is organized by the INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY as a host, Sebelas Maret University, Centre for Risk Management Studies (CRMS), and National Agency for Standardization (BSN) as a co-host.

The conference is intended on providing a discussion, for exchanging of knowledge, researches and of recent solutions for many researchers and experts in the field of risk, industry 4.0, and industrial and system engineering.

The theme of the conference is “Risk Engineering in Industry 4.0: Protecting and Creating Value in Industrial and System Engineering”. This event will strengthen the collaboration and provide a forum for industry professionals, academicians, researchers, and scientists to discuss and exchange their research results, innovative ideas, and experiences in all aspects of intelligent and technologies, as well as to identify emerging research topics and define the future directions to achieve sustainable development in the era of industry 4.0.

The papers accepted and presented in this conference will be forwarded for consideration to be published in the IOP conference series: Materials Science and Engineering (proceedings indexed by SCOPUS). The selected papers will be published on International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering – IJASE and (indexed by SCOPUS), Operations and Supply Chain Management: An International Journal –OSCM, Journal TEKNIK UNDIP (accredited national journal), and Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri (accredited national journal).

Thanks to the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Prof. H. Mohammad Nasir Ph.D., Ak for coming and supporting this conference. Thanks are due to Speakers, Sha’ri M. Yusof (Professor, Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics (FTIR), Universiti Teknologi. Malaysia), Hui-Ming Wee (Distinguished Professor, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taiwan), Chaung-Chun Chiou (Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering and Enterprise Information, Tunghai University, Taiwan), Benny Tjahjono (Professor, Sustainable Production and Consumption Centre, Coventry University, United Kingdom), Dr. I-Jan Wang (Assoc. Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering and Enterprise Information, Tunghai University, Taiwan), Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Prasetyo, MSc. (Head of The National Standardization Agency of Indonesia, Indonesia), and Dr.Antonius Alijoyo, SE., MM., ERMCP., CERG.(Head of Indonesia Risk Management Professional Association (IRMAPA))

This year, the 6th ACISE 2019 and 1st ICRMIA received 180 papers submissions from six countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan, Inggris, Swedia, and Jepang. But only 147 papers were accepted for presentations for oral sessions (the acceptance ratio is 80%). We are very grateful for the extensive efforts of many individuals who worked diligently to ensure a successful and high-quality conference.

We would like to say thank you to RistekDikti, DIPONEGORO University, CRMS, and BSN for supporting this event. Once again we would like to say Welcome to Semarang for all. Congratulations for your papers have been accepted. We invite all participants to actively participate in the conference activities and the city tours and to enjoy the opportunity to learn from one another. Thank you for choosing 6th ACISE and 1st ICRMIA as your conference references. We hope to have your pleasant supports and participation in the next year 2020, the 7th ACISE.

Thank you

Chair of the conference Dr. Aries Susanty, ST. MT

Faculty of Engineering, Industrial Engineering

DIPONEGORO University, Semarang, Central Java - Indonesia

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5/2/2020 Annual Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (ACISE) - ACISE2019 - Aconf

https://www.aconf.org/conf_171839.html 4/6

Committee

Committees

Advisory Committee:

Dean of Engineering Faculty, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Head of Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering – Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Steering Committee:

Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Prasetyo, MSc.

Dr. Antonius Alijoyo, SE, MM, ERMCP, CERG.

Prof. D.S. Priyarsono, Ph.D, ERMCP, CERG.

Dr. Ir. Bambang Purwanggono, M.Eng

Organizing Committee

Dr. Aries Susanty, ST.MT (Chairman)

Dr. Ing Novie Susanto, ST. M.Eng (Secretary) Dr. Singgih Saptadi, ST.MT

Dr. Purnawan Wicaksono ST.MT Dr. Denny Nurkertamanda ST.MT Dr. Manik Mahachandra, ST.MT Dr. Hery Suliantoro, ST.MT Diana Puspitasari ST MT Wiwik Budiawan ST MT

International Scientific Committee:

Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Prasetyo, MSc. (BSN, Indonesia) Prof. S-J. Wang (Tunghai University, Taiwan)

Prof. Chaung-Chun Chiou (Tunghai University, Taiwan) Prof. Yasunobu Maeda (University of Shizuoka, Japan)

Prof. Dr. Ir. Sha’ri M. Yusof (RAZAK School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, University of Technology, Malaysia)

Prof. Song Mingshun (Ji Liang University, China)

Dr. Benny Tjahjono (Coventry University, United Kingdom)

Dr. Naniek Utami Handayani, ST MT (Diponegoro University, Indonesia)

Dr. Wahyudi Sutopo (Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia) Register (/conf_171839/register/1.html)

Following

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5/2/2020 Annual Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (ACISE) - ACISE2019 - Aconf

https://www.aconf.org/conf_171839.html 5/6

Dr. rer.nat. Thomas Triadi Putranto (Diponegoro University, Indonesia) Dr. Oec. Arfan Bakhtiar ST.MT (Diponegoro University, Indonesia)

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Important dates

Conference Dates

23 Apr.

2019 ^TO

^{25 Apr.}

2019

23 Feb.

2019

Draft paper submission deadline

15 Mar.

2019

Draft paper acceptance notification

23 Mar.

2019

Final paper deadline

Contact information

Aries Susanty

ariessusanty@gmail.com Register (/conf_171839/register/1.html)

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Annual Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (ACISE) 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 598 (2019) 012102

IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/598/1/012102

1

Anthropometric and Biomechanics Analysis of Lower Limb Exoskeleton for Indonesian Population

Z F Rosyada

¹

, Sulardjaka

¹

, Munadi

¹

and E Muslim

²

1

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

2 Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Indonesia

rosyada@undip.ac.id

Abstract. Robotic Lower limb exoskeleton is a powered mechanical device for medical rehabilitation of people with disabilities or paralyzed from the waist down (paraplegia). The number of people with paraplegia is quite large in Indonesia, whilst the devices available on the market are very expensive, not affordable to most Indonesian people. And they are designed for the size of European or American. By then, Mechanical Department of Diponegoro University had been developed a prototype of an affordable lower limb exoskeleton robot. This research discusses the anthropometric and biomechanical aspects of the lower limb exoskeleton to fit the Indonesian posture and analyse the biomechanics for the user. Anthropometry analysis was performed using the Jack V8.2 software.

1. Introduction

Paraplegia is a medical condition in the form of decreased motoric and sensory function, especially on the lower limb (lower extremity). As a result, the sufferer becomes paralyzed and cannot walk. The causes of this disease in general are trauma due to accidents and can also be due to diseases such as motor neuron disease. According to the latest data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health, that in 2012, persons with disabilities to walk were 0.25% of Indonesia's population. According to the Central Statistics Agency Indonesia's population in 2012 was 245.4 million people, then the number of people with disabilities to walk is more than 600,000 people.

Methods of healing treatment for paraplegia include the use of medication, physiotherapy and surgery. Paraplegia causes decreased of productivity and psychologically results in stress due to its inability to carry out normal activities. So in healing, people with paraplegia need help from other people for various types of activities that require lower limb movements, for example moving from bed to wheelchair.

One of the walking aids for patients with paraplegia is a device in the form of a skeleton that is driven

by an electric motor, which is generally called robotic lower limb exoskeleton (RLLE). But the high

prices make it difficult for sufferers, especially in Indonesia to get or own this device. In addition, the

devices available on the market do not match the body size of an Indonesian. Therefore, the Department

of Mechanical Engineering of Diponegoro University developed a prototype robotic lower limb

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Annual Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (ACISE) 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 598 (2019) 012010

IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/598/1/012010

1

Campus Sustainability Practice Assessment: An Empirical Finding from Jönköping University, Sweden

M M Ulkhaq

^1,2,

, R S George Joseph

²

, B Javed

²

, and N R Nadekar

²

1

Department of Industrial Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

2

Jönköping International Business School, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden

ulkhaq@live.undip.ac.id

Abstract. The role of higher education institutions (HEIs) nowadays in promoting sustainability

has outspread over the past decades. This is a result of abundant declarations and conferences about the need for sustainability in higher education. As consequences, several HEIs have integrated sustainability into their curricula, research, programs, projects, partnerships, and assessments. The objective of the research is to assess the campus sustainability practice of Jönköping University, which is located in Jönköping, Sweden. The assessment includes three pillars of campus sustainability, i.e., environmental management, public participation and social responsibility, and research and teaching as well. The assessment is considered could yield various benefits, not only for the university but also for the stakeholders, surrounding society, as well as for the academic purposes.

1. Introduction

Since Stockholm Declaration in 1972—it is acknowledged as the initial declaration about sustainability in higher education, there is a growing number of higher education institutions (HEIs) which have incorporated sustainability into their research, curricula, operating activities, assessments, as well as reporting [1],[2]. The sustainability term could be viewed as an attempt to balance and harmonize the environmental concerns with social and economic issues [3]. In a more formal way, sustainable development can be defined as a “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” [4].

The HEIs are regarded to be in a unique position to address this challenge. Even though they mostly engage in education—not in the field of environment, social, and even not intended to gain much profit—but they are expected to offer an education to the students with knowledge that could have effects to the environment and influences on local communities [5]. Due to this circumstance, i.e., that HEIs could not embrace three pillars of sustainability (environmental, economic, and social); hence, a sustainable university is defined differently. There is a shared understanding that a sustainable university entails a balance between environmental issue, public participation and social responsibility, and teaching and research in policy formulation [6]. It does make sense as the economic pillar is substituted by teaching and research.

Several studies stressed out the need for sustainability in HEIs, see for example [7]-[9]. Some HEIs

believe that this is a challenge to start formulating a sustainable campus program [10], while others

employ to implement some established campus sustainability assessment tools or reporting, such as ISO

14001 (e.g., [11]-[13]), green building initiative [14], eco-management and audit scheme (EMAS) [15],

(22)

Annual Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (ACISE) 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 598 (2019) 012037

IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/598/1/012037

1

Revisiting Supply Chain System with Deteriorating Items and Transportation Cost

C V Huang

¹

, Y D Huang

²

and H M Wee

¹

1

Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200, Chung Pei Road, Chungli 32023, Taiwan, ROC.

2

Department of Marketing and (&) Distribution Management, National Pingtung University, 51 Min-Sheng E. (East) Road, Pingtung, Taiwan 90041.

jackhjv@yahoo.com.tw

Abstract. Supply chain system with deteriorating items and transportation cost with environmental consideration has recently become a popular research stream. This study revisits a supply chain system with deteriorating items and transportation cost. Processing the defective items, which increases cost, affects supply chain decisions. We present an integrated inventory model involving a three-stage supply chain and defective items with no shortage. We then derive the minimal total cost considering supply chain integration and deteriorating items. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate how these models can be applied in practice. Sensitivity analysis is performed to gain more insight on changing parameters in the numerical studies.

1. Introduction

Due to increasing globalization, firms face a highly rapidly changing industrial conditions. The objective of our study is to determine the optimal cycle time and the replenishment policy for the integrated system which minimizes the average total cost per unit time. The motivation for looking at such models comes from the competitive environment and greater information transparency between suppliers, manufacturers, and retailers in the supply chain. Some researches on three-stage supply chain model were done by the following researchers. Ben-Daya et al. [1] explored the joint economic lot sizing problem in the context of a three-stage supply chain. Sana et al. [2] investigated a three-stage supply chain consisting of multiple suppliers, multiple manufacturers, and multiple retailers. Neither of them considered deteriorating items and logistic cost. Chung et al. [3] developed an integrated two-stage production–inventory deteriorating product model, in which stock-dependent, imperfect items and just- in-time delivery were considered.

In this study, we developed a generalized mathematical model considering three-stage supply chain

for deteriorating items considering transportation cost. Our objective is to minimize the total system cost

per unit time. We illustrate the process with a numerical example and analyzed the sensitivity of crucial

parameters to provide managerial insights.

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Annual Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (ACISE) 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 598 (2019) 012051

IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/598/1/012051

1

Modelling and Analysis of Manufacturing Process Layout

I Siregar

¹

, J B Saedon

²

, M S Adenan

²

, S Shawal

²

and M F Othman

²

1

Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Kampus USU, Medan

2

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

ikhsan.siregar@usu.ac.id

Abstract. Manufacturing layout is an arrangement of more than two elements in a manufacturing plant. Process layout shows the layout of elements which running certain process cycle at a certain sequence. Through simulation software, process layout can be simulated and predicted the outcome of the certain model layout before it is implemented. An activity that is conducted in this study such as time study, line balancing and production line re-layout. Furthermore, lean manufacturing tools such as takt time calculation and Yamazumi chart is utilized in order to improve the mechanism in this study. Commercial software is used in order to simulate a model of manufacturing layout and increase the efficiency in the model.

These simulated results were compared with the current process layout. The proposed new production plant layout showed promise in its application. However, approaches and layout models need to be evaluated in application to ensure usability so that it is effective and efficient in its performance. The layout of the proposal has increased overall line efficiency which shows an increase of 19%.

1. Introduction

Model is a corporeal, scientific, or rational representation of a system, phenomenon, or process while replication is a model that is applied from time to time. Simulation makes the model and illustrates how certain objects or phenomena will occur. This is advantageous for testing, study and exercise where real-world systems or ideas can be expressed in the form of a model. Modelling and simulation provide virtual repetition of goods and procedures and represent the product or process in an operationally existing and legal environment [1]. Practise of models and use of recreations can reduce costs and risks of life cycle activities.

Modelling simulations are often used in various engineering fields. In various conditions that occur

and various systems, various models are cast-off applied. In grouping simulations, there are some

differences significance between the types of models that are being and will be simulated, and between

the types of database structures used to run the software doing the simulation [2]. System simulation is

the application of models and systems. Models can be re-designed and tested with; usually, not

optimal, high costs or not having aesthetic value to do in the system that will be run. The application

of the model can be identified, and therefore, the specification that are interrelated with the actual

behavior of the system or subsystem can be concluded by an analysis. In its broadest understanding,

simulation is a software to analyze the optimization of a system, which is currently and proposed for

improvement, over a period of time. Simulations are carried out before the existing system is

implemented or when a innovative system is built in order to improve the old system, this is done to

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Annual Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (ACISE) 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 598 (2019) 012055

IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/598/1/012055

1

Improving the Performance of Procurement and Inventory Management of Hospital Materials (Case of a Taiwanese Medical Centre)

Y C Liu

¹

, M B Chiu

¹

and C C Chiou

¹

1

No. 1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Blvd., Xitun Dist., Taichung City 407, Taiwan (R.O.C.) cjchiou@thu.edu.tw

Abstract. Within healthcare organization, the main goal of material procurement and inventory management is to reduce the cost associated with supplies without sacrificing the quality of patient care. In general, there are two ways to maintain supply level, i.e., joint procurement and direct purchase from the point-of-use location. For joint procurement, the demand of the associated point-of-use will place order to central warehouse. The other way is the order is directly place to the supplier by the individual department. The focus of this study is to examine the current procurement and inventory management and improve the inventory policies for central storeroom and induvial department. To maintain the service by setting new order policies.

In this study, we define a performance indicator, supply-demand ratio to measure the improvement of the operation of procurement and inventory management. With new policy, holding cost and idle stock, and usage of space can be reduced meanwhile it can maintain its service level.

1. Introduction

Medication and medical consumables are the core in the service system of hospital, is the core that allow doctors to provide quality service to the patients. To ensure hospital will provide a prompt, accurate, and stable medical treatment, hospital has to establish its own storeroom to manage genetic drugs, medical consumables, vaccination, so forth, and that’s why the issue of inventory management is becoming increasingly crucial. In relevant references discussion, experts indicate that all the drugs and consumables are account for nearly 30 to 40 percent of the operational cost in the hospital in average.

Medical Centre, in particular is the leading spearhead in terms of advance medical equipment, quality service, treatment and caretaking, it’s quite conceivable that tremendous scale like this is in urgent need of high demand of medication, and therefore make it much difficult to manage, in this semester, professor assign an industry-university cooperative research project to us in an effort to deeply analysis current supply and demand situation in the hospital, realize the core of reality and give our resolution.

The focus of this thesis paper is on material management in the storeroom, analysis ordering and

dispensing receipt, in an effort to establish a much perfect ordering quantity as well as the safety stock

to leverage the resources that had been used in the storeroom. Moreover, we wish to prove that whether

it is suitable for the upper stream supplier dispensing all the usage directly to the storeroom, then

storeroom can effectively dispense to each separate department accordingly; Ultimately minimize stock

level in the medicine storeroom.

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Annual Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (ACISE) 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 598 (2019) 012058

IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/598/1/012058

1

Application of SMED Methodology and Scheduling in High- Mix Low Volume Production Model to Reduce Setup Time: A Case of S Company

S S Wang

¹

, C C Chiou

¹

and H T Luong

¹

1

Department of Industrial Engineering and Enterprise Information

No. 1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Blvd., Xitun Dist., Taaichung City 407, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

cjchiou@thu.edu.tw

Abstract. Nowadays rapid changes in consumer demand determines the production model. The demand for "single and large quantity" products has gradually turned into a "high-mix and low volume" product demand. The main problem of high-mix low volume model is significantly increasing frequency of set up, causing an increase in set-up time for production. For set-up reduction strategies, Shingo (1985) proposed single minute exchange of die (SMED) methodology. The SMED methodology makes it possible to reduce setup (changeover) operations time within 10 minutes. Therefore, in this study take a cable processing company as a case for improvement. The potential of faster setup cannot be completely achieved with SMED method. So, in this paper, it also provides an optimized scheduling reference indicator for the molding machine that decision makers to determine the sequencing rule of scheduling by each criterion through the system to achieve maximum benefit for company.

1. Introduction

Nowadays rapid changes in consumer demand determines the production model. Consumers require those few products with their specifications to meet the needs for functionality. Therefore, the demand for "single and large quantity" products has gradually turned into a "high-mix and low volume" product demand. The main problem of high-mix low volume model is significantly increasing frequency of set up. Setup time is nonproductive time and this also leads to high production costs [1]. So, the company must to adopt set-up reduction strategies to reduce the time for setup operations.

Shingo [2] proposed single minute exchange of die (SMED) methodology. The SMED methodology makes it possible to reduce setup operations time within 10 minutes, and Shingo [2]also claimed that SMED is “a scientific approach to reduce set-up time that can be applied in any factory to any machine”.

However, others related things involved in the setup process such as operators and scheduling are rarely mentioned. Another way for reducing nonproductive time is to perform fewer time-consuming set-ups, this can be achieved by optimizing planning schedules [3].

The examined company’s processing flow is divided into in-line processing and off-line processing.

In-line processing is mostly carried out by manpower, and off-line processing is processed through the machine. In this study, the scheduling model and SEMD methodology will be developed and applied to off-line processing machines to reduce total setup time.

The problem of the case study is molding area has lot of products waiting to be molded everyday.

And the company adopts first come first molding operation at present. So, this study will address the

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Annual Conference on Industrial and System Engineering (ACISE) 2019 IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 598 (2019) 012089

IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/598/1/012089

1

Traffic Accident Severity Prediction Using Naive Bayes Algorithm- A Case Study of Semarang Toll Road

W Budiawan

^1,2

, S Saptadi

¹

, Sriyanto

¹

, C Tjioe

¹

and T Phommachak

²

1

Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, SH. Semarang 50275, Indonesia

2

Student at Department of Architectural and Civil Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan

wiwikbudiawan@ft.undip.ac.id

Abstract. A traffic accident was one of the leading cause of death in Indonesia. Toll Road is one of the places where traffic accidents occur. In 2007-2017 there were 501 accidents at Semarang Toll Road. Accident in Semarang Toll Road has a variety of severity. The most severe case is death. A traffic accident can lead to death. One of the ways to decrease the number of the accident was decreased the severity of the accident. This achieved by making a prediction model. The prediction model can predict the severity of the accident based on the attribute affecting the severity of the accident. In this research, Days, Type of Road, Weather, Condition of Road, Time of the accident, Sex of Driver, and Type of Vehicle were chosen as attributes to make prediction model of accident severity. Naive Bayes algorithm was used to make the model which can predict accident severity. The result was an accident prediction model with an accuracy of 39.49% to predict accident severity and the probability of an accident.

1. Introduction

Accidents are defined as an unplanned and controlled event that can be caused by humans, situations, environmental factors, or combinations of these things [1]. The causes of traffic accidents were grouped into four elements, namely human, vehicle, road, and environment [2]. Environmental factors were weather conditions (foggy and rainy). Weather conditions had a significant impact on vehicle performance, driver's visibility, driver behavior, travel demand, traffic flow characteristics, and traffic safety [3]. A traffic accident is one of the leading cause of death in Indonesia. The amount of traffic accident in Semarang Toll Road were 501 from 2007 to 2017. A traffic accident has a level of severity in which the highest was death. Based on this, any attempt to increase safety in Toll Road need to be done, and one of the ways to do this is by decreasing the level of severity in an accident.

In their research, [4] said that many factors are leading to how an accident happens namely environmental factor like weather condition, type of vehicle, driver behavior and characteristic factor like an age of driver and sex type of driver. These factors have a role in determining the severity level of the accident. In other research, [5] said that by applying the data mining technique to make a prediction model in these traffic accident data, it could help decision maker to make a decision related to the safety of a driver. So in accordance with this, we can agree that safety in Toll Road can be increased by making a prediction model of accident severity.

Document details - Universitas Diponegoro