Effect of Heat Transfer on Wall Thickness and Insulation at Sterilizer Station PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan

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Effect of Heat Transfer on Wall Thickness and Insulation at Sterilizer Station PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan

M. Fahrul Rozi^a,1, Sulaiman Ali ^b,2*

a,b Mechanical Engineering Departement, Teuku Umar University, Meulaboh, 23615, Indonesia

I. Introduction

To increase the efficiency of the production capacity of a Palm Oil Mill (PKS), it is necessary and sound technical knowledge to operate the existing equipment in the factory to get what will happen without compromising the original quality in the production obtained. The first tool that is very crucial in a CPO mill is a Sterilizer.

A sterilizer is a pressurized steam vessel used to boil palm oil. The sterilizer uses wet Steam as a heating medium which originates from the waste residue that is inserted into the Supply tank. Which is an early-stage process in palm oil processing using the Horizontal Sterilizer type. The sterilizer uses Steam as a heating medium which comes from the rest of the exhaust from the steam turbine.

The process of boiling Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) occurred at PT. Socfindo Seunagan uses three boiling units, each with seven lorries. Where each truck is loaded with 2.5 tons. Boiling is done by flowing Steam with synchronized pressure using the peak system, which increases the pressure, and the hotter steam is used. Boiling that is too long will also cause relatively high oil loss. And if the process is too short, the fruit will become less soft and experience difficulties during processing. So this boiling process serves to prepare Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) for further processing at the next palm oil processing unit.

II. The Proposed Method

This research was conducted at PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan starts by collecting data at the Sterilizer Station. The data taken are the initial and final temperatures on fresh fruit bunches, the initial and final temperatures on the lorries and the pressure on the sterilizer. The equipment used in this study is as follows:

ARTICLE INFO A B S T R A C T

Article history:

Accepted

Palm Oil Mill PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan is a factory engaged in processing palm oil, which is obtained in Crude Oil or called Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Kernel Oil. PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan has also experienced a conflict in the Sterilizer machine, which is essential for processing Crude Oil. Stabilizer at PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan uses three horizontal, freely shaped boiling units, each with a capacity of 7 lorries, each lorry containing two or five ounces. Sterilize A Sterilizeisssure vessel is used to cover palm oil, which uses Steam as a heating medium that comes from a back pressure vessel with a pressure of 2.0 bar and a temperature of 100 C. If the above requirements are not met, then the CPO production efficiency obtained may not be able to meet the specified specifications.

Therefore this analysis needs to be done to understand or find out how to analyze heat transfer in the Sterilizer machine at PT. Socfindo Seunagan Gardens. This allows us to know the incoming energy, outgoing power, heat efficiency, losses, and changes in energy in transient conduction. The point that comes out of each Peak is Peak I, as much as 48979,614 kJ, Peak II at 79169,164 kJ and at Peak III, as much as 81705,414 kJ. The highest heat efficiency is found in point I of 0.846277. the lowest losses are at peak III as much as 51.765kJ.

Keywords:

Sterilizer, Temperature Crude Palm Oil Efficiency

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1. Thermo Gun

It is a measuring tool to determine the temperature of Fresh Fruit Bunches, lorry heat and Sterilizer walls.

2. Thermometer

It is a measure to determine the Heat or pressure in the Sterilize.

In conducting research, the following procedures can be carried out:

a. Data retrieval on the sterilizer at the operator's place, such as temperature data.

b. Data processing using the heat transfer method in the form of Conduction Transfer on the Sterilizer.

III. Results and Discussion

At the palm oil processing plant, the sterilizer is a pressure vessel that functions as a cooking tool for Fresh Fruit Bunches using Steam with a Steam pressure of 2.0 bar from the Back pressure Vessel.

At the Sterilizer Station, the author performs an analysis using heat transfer. Heat transfer can also be defined as the transfer of energy from one place to another caused by a temperature difference. Heat transfer has three processes: conduction, convection and radiation, so the authors use conduction heat transfer at the Sterilizer Station. Therefore, the author raises the title, namely the analysis of the effect of wall thickness and insulation on heat transfer.

1. Operation result data

The data needed to analyze the sterilizer was obtained from PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan, are:

Table 1. Sterilizer Specifications Sterilizer Data

Type Horizontal

Outside Diameter 2700 mm

Cylinder Length 20000 mm

Max Working Pressure 2,7 bar

Rockwool Insulation Thickness 20 mm

Aluminum cover thickness 1 mm

Table 2. Lori Dimensions

Long Lori 2500 mm

Lori's Fingers 1430 mm

Table 3. Sterilizer Operation Data

Lori's Initial Temperature 37◦C

Palm Oil Temperature 37◦C

Inlet steam pressure 2,5 Bar

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A. Analysis Based on Thermodynamics

1. The Calculation Result of the Energy that Enters the Sterilizer Each Peak

The results of the calculation of the energy that goes into the sterilizer come from the Back Pressure Vessel, which has a pressure of 2.0 bar and a temperature of 100 ◦C. The energy that enters each Peak can be seen in the following table 4.

Table 4. Energy Enters the Sterilizer

Peak Ein(kJ)

I 489796,1

II 791691,6

III 814326,9

2. The Results of the Energy Calculation that Comes Out Each Peak

The energy that comes out of the Sterilizer comes from the condensate. The Steam in the sterilizer is subject to condensation so that the mass of the Steam is the same as the mass of the condensate because it does not face a mass change. The condensate mass of each Peak can be seen in the following table 5.

Table 5. Condensate Mass

Peak Condensate Mass (Kg)

I 17,96

II 29,03

III 29,86

The enthalpy of the condensate on the sterilizer with a temperature of 100◦C is 2727.1 kJ/kg because the condensate is discharged into the atmosphere. So that the value of the energy that comes out of the Sterilizer can be seen in the following table 6.

Table 6. Energy Out on the Sterilizer

Peak About(kJ)

I 48979.614

II 79169,164

III 81705,414

The results above are the results of the energy entering and leaving the Sterilizer station. Next is the result of calculating the condensation of the Heat absorbed by the lorry at each Peak.

B. Heat Transfer Analysis

1. Condensation and Heat absorbed by the lorry each Peak

The results of condensation or Heat absorbed by each lorry can be seen in the following table 7.

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Table 7. Value of the coefficient of convection and heat condensation absorbed by Lori each Peak

Peak h(W/m2.K) Q(MJ)

I 6768,3 608,2

II 6952,0 94,3

III 7307,6 27,3

In the table above, we can see that the Heat absorbed by each Peak is different from Peak I, Peak II and Peak III.

2. Condensation and Heat Absorbed by Palm Oil Each Peak

For the value of condensation or convection and Heat absorbed in Palm Oil, we can see in the following table 8.

Table 8. Coefficient and Condensation Value of Heat absorbed by Palm Oil every Peak

Peak h(W/m2.K) Q(MJ)

I 403,96 913,9

II 674,5 187,9

III 883,6 70,07

3. Conclusion

From researchers who have tried it can be opened if:

1. The amount of heat absorbed by each lorry (Transient Conduction) and oil palm continues to decrease with increasing boiling time. This is because the Q/Q0 constellation is shrinking at each Peak.

2. The final temperature of the lorry from Peak I to Peak II increases the surface. After that, at Peak III, there is a temperature difference. On the other hand, Palm Oil in Peak I to Peak III has increased because at Peak III, and Palm Oil absorbs more Heat from the sterilizer than lorries.

3. The thinner the walls and the insulation of the sterilizer, the greater the heat that passes from the walls of the Sterilizer boiling on the contrary, the thicker the walls and insulation, the more heat comes out of the walls and the insulation of the sterilizer.

Acknowledgement

The author thanks PT. Socfindo, who has received the Independent Campus Internship Program and To Advisor Nurhidayatullah S.T and Field Assistant Lecturer Mr. Maidi Saputra, ST, MT and Scientific Writing Advisor Mr. Sulaiman Ali, ST, MT.

References

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