Studies of the Gymnomyzinae (Diptera: Ephydridae), VI: A revision of the genus Glenanthe Haliday from the New World. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 567, 26 pages, 59 figures, 1995. - The New World species of the genus Glenanthe revised. VI, A revision of the genus Glenanthe Haliday from the new world / Wayne N. Smithsonian contributions to zoology; no. 567) Includes bibliographical references (p.).
The purpose of this revision is not only to revise the species occurring in the New World, but also to provide an important segment to the puzzle of the phytogenesis of the tribe Lipochaetini. To ensure more effective communication about the structures of male terminalia, I have adopted the terminology of other workers in the Ephydridae (see references in Mathis, 1986b). Two venation ratios are commonly used in the descriptions and are defined here for user convenience (the ratios are averages of three specimens).
This is contribution number 405 of the CCRE project, supported in part by a grant from Exxon Corporation. The main source of characters (synapomorphy) for these studies were the structures of the male terminal ia. More recent revisional and phylogenetic studies of the genera of the tribe are Mathis (1984b) and Munari (1988) on Homalometopus.
The genus differs from other species and genera by the unique shape of the eye, which is pyriform.
5th sternite
- Glenanthe fascipennis Sturtevant and Wheeler
- shaped in lateral view, with a lateral flange near outer angle;
- Glenanthe interior Chillcott
- Glenanthe litorea Cresson
- Glenanthe caribea, new species
- Mathis." The allotype female and 21 paratypes (10cf, 119;
- Glenanthe salina, new species
- Glenanthe kobbe, new species
- yellowish orange; postpronotum, notopleuron, and alar area lacking a gray stripe; fore basitarsomere of male
- Glenanthe bella, new species
- Glenanthe ruetzleri, new species
- Glenanthe willinki Lizarralde de Grosso
- Glenanthe neotropica, new species
The type locality is an active sand dune in a spruce-covered area that was once the shore of Pleistocene Lake Agassiz. REMARKS.—This is the most characteristic species of Glenan-the from the New World, with its patterned wing, light color, and brown spots at the base of the abdominal setulae. Cape May: Wildwood): 12, structures of the male terminalia (epandrium, cerci, surstyli, aedeagus), posterior aspect; 13, structures of the male terminalia (epandrium, cerci, surstyli, aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, hypandrium), lateral aspect; 14, base of aedeagus, posterior aspect; 15, apex of surstylus, lateral aspect (Scale = 0.1 mm.).
REMARKS.—This is the commonest and most widely distributed species of the genus, and there is considerable variation in color, especially of the frons and mesonotum. ETYMOLOGY.-The specific nickname, caribea, is a Latinized word that refers to the Carib Indians after whom the Caribbean Sea is named. FIGURES 21-25.—Glenanthe caribea (Belize. Stann Creek District: Wee Wee Cay): 21, structures of the male terminalia (epandrium, cerci, surstyli, aedeagus), posterior aspect; 22, structures of the male terminalia (epandrium, cerci, surstyli, aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, hypandrium), lateral aspect; 23, aedeagus and aedeagal apodeme, lateral aspect; 24, base of aedeagus, posterior aspect; 25, apex of surstylus, lateral aspect (Scale = 0.1 mm.).
ETYMOLOGY.-The epithet of the species, salina, is of Latin origin and refers to the salty habitats where this species is often found. FIGURES 33-36.—Glenanthe bella (Dominica (West Indies). Cabrits): 33, male terminal structures (epandrium, cerci, surstyli, aedeagus), posterior aspect; 34, male terminal structures (epandrium, cerci, surstyli, aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, hypandrium, fifth stemite), lateral view; 35, base of aedeagus, posterior aspect; 36, tip of sustyle, lateral aspect. ETYMOLOGY.-The epithet of the species, bella, is of Latin origin and alludes to the attractive coloring of this species.
NATURAL HISTORY.-The specimens from the type locality were found along the edges of a brackish water marsh that occurs at the eastern base of the Cabrits, a small peninsula between Prince Rupert Bay and Douglas Bay. Where the mud substrate is exposed along the western edge of the marsh, a blue-green alga has formed a mat over much of the mud's surface, and slowly just above the algal mat has led to the collection of several species of shore flies, including this species and its progeny, G. FIGURES 49-53.—Glemnthe ruetzleri (Belize. Stann Creek District: Twin Cays, Aanderaa Flats): 49, structures of the male terminalia (epandrium, cerci, surstyli, aedeagus), posterior aspect ; SO, structures of the male terminalia (epandrium, cerci, surstyli, aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, hypandrium), lateral aspect; 51, aedeagus and aedeagal apodeme, lateral aspect; 52, base of aedeagus, posterior aspect; 53, apex of surstylus, lateral aspect.
Klaus Rutzler (Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History and Director of the Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems Project) who supported and kindly hosted most of our fieldwork on the coasts of the Belize Barrier Reef. NATURAL HISTORY.—The type series was collected on Wee Wee Cay (16°46/N, SS'mJ'W), which is an isolated reef about 6.5 km southwest of South Water Cay. Other Ephydridae collected from algae included species from the tribes Discocerinini (Discocerina and Polytrichophora) and Paralimna.
REMARKS.—On the sea coasts of the Caribbean this is the most common species, sometimes occurring in abundance. REMARKS.—The holotype is in very poor condition, and my identification of this species is based largely on the structures of the male terminalia. FIGURES 57-59.—Glenanthe neotropica (Argentina. Cordoba: Cordoba): 57, structures of male terminalia (epandrium, cerci, surstyli), posterior side;.
ETYMOLOGY.-The specific epithet, neotropica, is a Latinized word that recognizes the geographic area in which this species occurs.
Literature Cited
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