EXPLORING THE INFLUENCE OF ONLINE CROWDFUNDING TOWARD UNIVERSITY STUDENTS DONATION INTENTION IN SURAKARTA
By
Lay Ricky Pratama Hendriyanto 11610003
BACHELOR’S DEGREE in
COMMUNICATION AND PUBLIC RELATIONS Faculty Business and Communication
SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY The Prominence Tower
Jalan Jalur Sutera Barat No. 15, Alam Sutera Tangerang, Banten 15143 - Indonesia
Revision afer Thesis Defense on 19 January 2021
Lay Ricky Pratama STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR
I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published or written by another person, nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at any educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis.
Lay Ricky Pratama
_____________________________________________
Student
4 / 01 / 2021 Date
Approved by:
Muninggar Sri Saraswati, Phd
_____________________________________________
Thesis Advisor
4 / 01 / 2021 Date
Dr. Nila Krisnawati Hidayat, S.E., M.M.
_____________________________________________
Dean
Lay Ricky Pratama EXPLORING THE INFLUENCE OF ONLINE CROWDFUNDING TOWARD
DONATION INTENTION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN SURAKARTA By
Lay Ricky Pratama
SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY
Crowdfunding acts as a medium for accessing resources by utilizing online social networking media. At present, online crowdfunding have become a normal channel to raise fund for different purposes, from commercial to social. In term of social purpose, online crowdfunding enables charities to reach out to people to donate their funds to sustain their operation. On the other hands, online charitable crowdfunding provides an alternative channel for common people to donate to charities. It is necessary to understand further whether online charitable crowdfunding initiatives influence the behaviour of people, in particular university students. Using quantitative approach, this research found there is a significant effect between Technological characteristic and project characteristics of the online charitable crowdfunding websites and the intention of university students to donate.
Keywords: Online crowdfunding, TPB theory, Intention to donate
Lay Ricky Pratama DEDICATION
I dedicate this work for me in the future, to remind me that compiling these pages is not easy, it is through blood, tears, and struggle. Then, for only and foremost, my God Almighty who makes me strong, without His blessings, I would not be able to finish this work. For my beloved parents, my beloved girlfriend Ayu Winahyu who always give me spirit and accompany me when doing this thesis thank you for the support. For all coffees, sugars, WiFi and music that has become my moodbooster, thank you for always there for me. Thank you also for Bewe and Surya who always helping me and support me to get my bachelor degree in SGU
Lay Ricky Pratama ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First and foremost, I wish to thank for God for the life that He has given to me, so that I completed this thesis. Second, I would like to say thank you to my beloved parents, who supported and encouraged me countlessly and also my beloved girlfriend Ayu Winahyu. Without their support, it will not be possible for me to accomplish this work.
This thesis is the result of cooperation from various parties. Therefore, I would like to express my gratitude to the members of communication and public relations batch 2016, for their support, their panic monsters and good humor. Their gentle but firm direction has been most appreciated.
Mrs. Muninggar was particularly helpful in guiding me toward the whole process of this research, where I took her valuable times a lot, so no words could describe my big gratitude to have her as my advisor. Her guidance is like a shining path for my work..
Lay Ricky Pratama TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR 2
ABSTRACT 3
DEDICATION 4
ACKNOWLEDGEMEN TS 5
TABLE OF CONTENTS 6
LIST OF FIGURES 8
LIST OF TABLES 9
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION 10
1.1 Background 10
1.2 Research Problems 12
1.3 Research Questions 12
1.4 Research Objectives 12
1.5 Significance of Study 13
1.6 Scope of Limitation 13
CHAPTER 2 - LITERATURE REVIEW 14
2.1 Online charitable crowdfunding 14
2.1.1 Technological characteristics 15
2.1.2 Project Characteristic 16
2.2 Theory of Planned Behaviour 17
2.2.1 Application of the TPB 17
2.2.2 Behavioral Intentions 18
2.2.3 Decision to make Donations 21
2.3 Framework of thinking 22
2.4 Previous Study 24
2.5 Hypothesis 24
CHAPTER 3 – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 26
3.1 Type of Study 26
3.2 Unit Analysis 26
Lay Ricky Pratama
3.3.1 Population 26
3.3.2 Sampling Method 26
3.3.3 Minimum Sample Size 26
3.4 Data Collection Technique 27
3.5 Research Data 27
3.6 Research Model 28
3.7 Variable Operationalization 28
3.8 Data Analysis 37
3.8.1 Validity and Reliability Test 37
3.8.2 Classical Assumption Test 38
3.8.3 Questionnaire Design 39
CHAPTER 4 – RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 41
4.1 Research Objectives 41
4.2 Respondent Profile 41
4.3 Instrument Test 41
4.3.1 Validity Test 42
4.3.2 Pre Test 42
4.3.3 Post Test 45
4.3.4 Classical Assumption Test 48
CHAPTER 5 – CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 55
5.1 Conclusion 55
5.2 Recommendations 55
REFERENCES 58
APPENDICES 62
Lay Ricky Pratama LIST OF FIGURES
Figures : Page
Figure 1 : Theory Planned Behaviour 17 Figure 2 : Framework of thinking picture 22 Figure 3 : Research Design 27
Lay Ricky Pratama LIST OF TABLES
Tables : Page
Table 1 : Literature study 24
Table 2 : Variable operationalize 28
Table 3 : Questionaire Design 40
Table 4 : Validity pre test 43
Table 5 : Validty pre test 45
Table 6 : Validity pre test 47
Table 7 : Reability pre test 49
Table 8 :Validity post test 52
