Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Body image, eating disorders, and obesity in adolescents : assessment, prevention, and treatment / edited by Linda Smolak and J. Wertheim, PhD, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia Tovah Yanover, PhD, University of South Florida , Tampa. A lot has happened since the first volume of Body Image, Eating Disorders and Adolescent Obesity was published in 2001.
We hope this new book will spark even more research on body image, eating disorders, and obesity among young people. We hope the reader will find something useful that will positively impact the understanding, prevention and treatment of body image, eating disorders and obesity. Since the publication of the first edition of this book in 2001, there has been a dramatic increase in research on body image, eating disorders and obesity in adolescents and children.
As with the first edition, it is important and appropriate to address the triumvirate of body image issues, eating disorders, and obesity within one volume. Second, both eating disorders and obesity involve developmental patterns and behaviors in childhood that may continue into adulthood.
Higher body dissatisfaction may also be associated with a poorer outcome in eating disorder treatment (Gowers & Bryant-Waugh, 2004). There are a number of variations in the presentation of eating disorders depending on the level of development. In the adult obesity literature, there is considerable debate about the meaning of the category "overweight" (BMI 25-30).
The purpose of this issue is to provide descriptions of (a) the nature of body image, eating disorders and obesity among children and adolescents;. b) the likely causes and outcomes of these problems; and (c) treatments and prevention programs for these problems. This section concludes with a consideration of the risk and protective factors involved in the etiology of body image, eating disorders and obesity in children and adolescents. It is clear that reducing eating disorders and obesity in adulthood requires a thorough understanding of the nature, etiology, treatment and prevention of these problems in childhood and adolescence.
Johnson and Birch (1994) found that high levels of parental control in the feeding process were negatively associated with children's ability to regulate energy intake. Eating without hunger and obesity in girls from 5 to 7 years.
DIFFICULTIES I N CLASSIFICATION
Much of the research on girls' body image has looked at the number of girls who would like to be thinner. Researchers have examined factors that contribute to the development of body image and body dissatisfaction in particular. A longitudinal analysis of body image as a predictor of the onset and persistence of depression in adolescent girls.
It has been identified as a potential protective factor for the prevention of body image disorders and eating disorders (Shisslak & Crago, 2001). The role of the media has been shown to be an important factor in determining body image issues among adolescent girls and to some extent among boys of the same age (Ricciardelli & McCabe, 2004). Social comparison and body image: Attractiveness comparison to models and peers among adolescent girls and boys.
Young boys and body image: Weight and muscle problems as two pathways to body dissatisfaction. A longitudinal study of body image and strategies for losing weight and increasing muscle among children. Body image and eating problems have become more and more common among children and young people cross-culturally.
T he cross-cultural knowledge of body image and eating problems among children and adolescents comes from various sources. Concerns about eating disorders and body image are well established among adolescents in the Middle East.
TRENDS I N THE GLOBAL DATA
It is not known how such variable developmental goals would relate to body image development and eating disorders. Both processes have been linked to an increase in body image and eating problems in adolescents. An ethnic comparison of eating attitudes and associated body image concerns in adolescent South African schoolgirls.
Exploring the relationships and perceived dimensions of body image among male and female adolescents from six Latin American cities. There are also chapters examining early parental influences on eating (Chapter 1) and the development of body image and eating disorders in girls (the chapter also focuses more on body image and eating disorders, particularly in girls, largely due to the available psychological literature.
Much more research is needed to understand the genetic contribution to the risk of body image or eating problems in children and adolescents. This new O B C measurement will enable prospective investigations into the role of self-objectification in adolescence, and perhaps earlier, in body image development and eating problems. Child sexual abuse (CSA) has been extensively studied as a potential risk factor for body image development and eating problems, including obesity.
Current evidence continues to point to the importance of sociocultural variables as risk factors for the development of body image and eating problems in girls and boys. Risk factors for the onset of eating disorders in adolescent girls: results from the McKnight Longitudinal Risk Factor Study. Internalizing the thin ideal: increasing evidence for a new risk factor for body image distortion and eating pathology.
A wide variety of body image measures are available for the assessment of many facets of the construct (Thompson & van den Berg, 2002). This chapter reviews many of the commonly used and newer measures of body image for children and adolescents. A wide variety of questionnaire measures are available for assessing the subjective and/or attitudinal component of body image.
One of the latest developments in body image assessment is the development of measures specifically related to muscularity and muscle dissatisfaction (see J. Thompson & Cafri, 2007). Researchers are also beginning to recognize the importance of the cross-cultural study of body image.
