The Influence of Group Guidance using Home Room Technique on Anxiety Level of Young Women Who Confonted by Menacrhe Grade
IV, V, in Aisyiah Islamic Center Elementary School Cianjur
1
Achmad Setya Roswendi
*,
2Salma Luqyana Nabila
1,2 Nursing Science Departement. School of Health Sciences Jenderal Achmad Yani
*Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Generally, the anxiety will give the bad impacts to young women if the problem is not solved immadiately. This research aims to find out the influence of group guidance using home room technique on anxiety level of young women who confront menarche grade IV,V in Aisyiyah Islamic Centre Elmentary School Cianjur. This research uses quasi-experimental method which uses one group pre test-post test design. The sample of this research is young women who confronts menarche grade IV and V. The level of anxiety consists of low, middle, and high. The number of respondent that is taken by using purposive sampling is 20. Univariat analyis uses mean and bivariat analysis uses t-dependent test. The result of the research is the score average hassignificant diverification based on before and after intervention of group guidance using home room technique. The value is Pvalue= 0,0001 <α (α = 0,05). It means there is a significant influence young women who confront menarche in Aisyiyah Islamic Centre Elementary School Cianjur. Theoritically and practically , this research is significant for all of educator in Aisyiah Islamic centre Elementary School Cianjur.
Hopefully, all of educator in Aisyiyah Islamic centre Elementary School Cianjur will implement the group leading using home room technique to build students‘ comprehension about menarche.
Key Words: Anxiety, home room, menarche Introduction
Young women in Indonesia experience average menarche at 13 years of age, with early incidence at age less than 9 years or later at 17 years of age. In West Java, about 0.1% of young girls experience menarche earlier by age 6 - 8 years, 11-14 years around 58.4% of girls who experience menarche and at age 17 18 years about 4.4% who have menarche (Riskesdas,2010). Menarche has a unique psychological role that can influence attitudes until adulthood, therefore preparations are needed in the face of it. One of the preparations that must be done is psychic preparation. Psychic preparation can be achieved when getting clear and correct information about menstruation (Meilani, menarche, 2012). During this time some people are still taboo to talk about menarche in the family, so early adolescents lack the knowledge and attitude that is good enough about the physical and psychological changes associated with menarche. Because of this, young women are more happy and open discuss with peers rather than with parents. Consequently teenagers will get information that is less precise. It can also lead to confused feelings, questions, fears and anxieties for young women ahead of menarche. (Proverawati,2009).
This condition is in line with the results of Rifrianti's research (2013), states that young women who face menarche majority experience anxiety that is as much as 79.9%, and only 20.1%
of teens who do not feel anxious. (Sudjana, 2015) stated that girls who face the majority menarche experience anxiety as much as 96.5% and only 3.4% of teens who do not feel anxious. Even the results of the study (Syaiful & Khariroh, 2015) states that 100% of girls facing menarche experience anxiety.
Research using counseling method to overcome anxiety is research conducted by (Fitriani &
Rohman, 2016) entitled "The Effect of Counseling on Young Women Anxiety Experiencing Menarche" conducted at SDN Baros Mandiri 4 students of class IV, V, VI sample of 18 students concluded that counseling significantly affects girls' anxiety decrease with menarche with an average score of anxiety score before giving counseling as much as 25.67% after counseling the mean
value of an anxiety score of 17.50%.
In general there are two methods in counseling guidance services, namely first method of individual guidance, and both methods of group guidance. Group guidance methods are known also with guidance (group guidance) while individual guidance methods are knownasindividualcounseling.
Rusmana, 2009 (in Meizinanti 2016) suggests that group guidance is best used to address persolan in adolescence (students), as most teenagers prefer to group, because of the group they can get a sense of security and comfort. Feelings received in a group are fun and can increase self-confidence;
they have a distinctive identity, and can sometimes improve their self-image as well.
There are several techniques performed in group guidance. One of the techniques used in group guidance is the family creation technique (Homeroom Technique). The homeroom technique is a technique for holding meetings with a group of teenagers or students outside the lesson hours in a family atmosphere, and led by a teacher or counselor. (Meizinanti,2016) The result of Putri's (2013) research entitled "Application of Homeroom Group Guidance to Improve Student's Understanding on Free Sex Hazard to Student of Class XI-IS I in SMA Negeri 1 Mojokerto. This research is a quantitative research pre experimental design with pre-test design post-test design, with the number of respondents 7 students of the results of application of guidance group home room techniques can improve understanding of the danger of free sex. It can be known by the increasing score of understanding of the danger of free sex after the guidance of the group using home room techniques. Dewi (2008) research result states that homero technique.
Method
The design of this study using pre-design expriment with one group pretest approach - post test design. The research was conducted at SDN Aisyiyah Islamic Cntre Cianjur. The population in this study is the fourth grade student, V SD Aisyiyah Islamic Center Cianjur who faces menarche.
Sampling method is done by nonprobability sampling technique with purposive sampling type which is a sampling technique with certain consideration which have been made by researcher, based on cirri or nature of population which have been known before (Riyanto, 2011). The sample in this research is fourth grade girls, V who faced menarche at SD Aisyiyah Islamic Center Cianjur who menglami mild, moderate, and heavy anxiety.
Result
Table 1 Values of Youth Adolescent Anxiety Score Score, V Facing Menarche Before Conducting Technical Group Home Room Guidance in SD Aisyiyah Islamic Center
Cianjur
Variabel N Mean SD Minimal-
Maximal
Anxiety 20 58,35 7,576 48 - 75
Based on the results of table 1 found that the average score of respondents anxiety score before the guidance of the home room technique group is 58.35 including into mild anxiety.
Table 2 The Average Score of Young Women's Anxiety Score of Class IV, V Facing Menarche After Conducting Technical Group Home Room at SD Aisyiyah Islamic
Center Cianjur
Variabel N Mean SD Minimal-
Maximal
Anxiety 20 39,05 9,763 25 – 58
Based on the results of table 2 it is found that the average score of respondents anxiety score after the guidance of home room technique group is 39.05 including into the category not anxious
Table 3 Differences of Average Score of Young Women's Anxiety Level IV, V Facing Menarche Before and After Performed Group Technical Guidance Home Room
Variabel Assest Mean SD N P Value
Anxiety Pre-test 58,35 7,576 20 0,000
Post – test 39,05 9,763 20
Based on Table 3 it shows that the mean anxiety score before intervention was 58.35 included into mild anxiety with deviation standard value of 7.576 while the mean score of anxiety score after intervention was 39.05 included into the not anxious category with a standard deviation value of 9.763. Meanwhile, based on the results of T-test Dependent obtained Pvalue = 0.0001 (Pvalue <α) α used 0,05, then H0 rejected and Ha accepted. It can be concluded that there is a significant influence of home room technic group guidance on the level of anxiety of girls in class facing menarche class IV, and V at SD Aisyiyah Islamic Center Cianjur in 2017. Based on Table 3 it shows that the mean anxiety score before intervention was 58.35 included into mild anxiety with deviation standard value of 7.576 while the mean score of anxiety score after intervention was 39.05 included into the not anxious category with a standard deviation value of 9.763. Meanwhile, based on the results of T-test Dependent obtained Pvalue = 0.0001 (Pvalue <α) α used 0,05, then H0 rejected and Ha accepted. It can be concluded that there is a significant influence of home room technic group guidance on the level of anxiety of girls in class facing menarche class IV, and V at SD Aisyiyah Islamic Center Cianjur in 2017.
Discussion
Anxiety before Home Room Intervention. Based on table 1 above, it is known that the results showed that adolescents experienced anxiety with an average - anxiety level of 58.35 which means anxiety felt by girls who face menarche including mild anxiety. This is in line with research conducted by Rifrianti (2013) in SMP Warga Surakarta, stated that girls who face menarche majority experience anxiety that is as much as 79.9%, and only 20.1% of teenagers who do not feel anxious.
(Sudjana, 2015) states that girls who face the majority menarche experience anxiety as much as 96.5% and only 3.4% of teenagers are not worried. This is reinforced by the results (Syaiful &
Khariroh, 2015) states that 100% of adolescents daughters facing menarche experience anxiety.Menarche can lead to negative reactions.
This negative reaction is caused by a poor view of a young woman against the emergence of menarche. Anxiety teenage girls can be caused due to the ignorance of young women about
many affect the anxiety facing menarche in adolescents is the knowledge factor of menarche. When facing menarche respondents say do not understand about menarche, what changes happen to him, what will happen next and do not know what to do when they experience menarche because his parents never talk about menarche, his parents only give explanation that reponden already big and should be more careful in what other men friend. Feelings of confusion and anxiety surround the feelings of a woman facing menarche, it will get worse if the knowledge of teenagers about menstruation is very less and education from parents who are less. The existence of parents who are less precise that this is a taboo to discuss and assume that the child will know by itself (Proverawati, 2009). Education and knowledge are part of the factors that affect anxiety, the higher the level of education and one's knowledge the easier the person is receiving information, so that anxiety can be overcome (Syaiful and Khariroh 2015)
The majority of respondents who face menarche say shy, irritable, anxious and scared to be ridiculed by friends at school when later experiencing menarche, confused because of physical changes in his body. This is in accordance with the statements Proverawati and Misaroh (2009) physical changes and reproductive organs that begin to function (early signs of menarche), can affect teenage emotions. Adolescents begin to recognize and pay attention to themselves, body shape, and compare with what is considered ideal by the environment. This makes teenagers sometimes feel sad, embarrassed and depressed.
Anxiety after Home Room Intervention, based on table 2 above, it is known that from the results of the study showed that the score of anxiety respondents who face menarche after the guidance of home room technique group experienced a decrease that has an average value of anxiety of 39.10 which means that the average anxiety score felt after given the intervention of the home room group's technical guidance is at the level of no anxiety, based on the Zung Self Rating (ZSAS) anxiety scale. Anxiety in adolescent girls facing menarche at SD Aisyiyah Islamic Center Cianjur decreased. This can happen because the guidance of the home room technique group is done by creating an atmosphere, such as at home which is done outside of school hours, this can help the respondents reduce feelings of anxiety facing menarche experienced by respondents, between respondents with counselors and respondents with other respondents and create the atmosphere is so comfortable to make them express what they feel like at home, and with the provision of information on how to overcome anxiety facingmenarche.
Giving information using counseling (either individually or in groups) is one of the non- pharmacological techniques to reduce or decrease the level of anxiety felt by a client of Hawari (2011). The benefit of group counseling services is to have the opportunity to contact many students;
provide information needed by students; students can be aware of the challenges to be faced; students can accept themselves after realizing that their friends often face similar problems, difficulties and challenges; and more daring to express his own views when in a group; given the opportunity to discuss things together; more willing to accept a view or opinion. With so the anxiety experienced by respondents can be reduced, because with the guidance of the group to make respondents can accept all that is in him Winkel & Sri Hastuti in Sukardi (2008).
The Effect of Home Room Technic on Anxiety, based on table 3 shows the average score of anxiety in adolescents who face menarche before and after given the guidance of home room technique group is 58.35 and 39.05. Thus, anxiety scores in adolescent girls facing menarche decreased by 19.3. So that the test of anxiety score statistic in adolescents face menarche before and after given guidance group home room technique obtained pvalue = 0.0001 (Pvalue <α) α used is 0,05. Indicates that there are significant differences between the group guidance on the anxiety of fourth grade girls, and V who faces menarche at SD Aisyiyah Islamic Center Cianjur.
Giving service bimbigan home room engineering group is very influential on the decrease in anxiety levels because most respondents who experience anxiety partly due to lack of information.
This is evident from the distribution of adolescent girls who experience anxiety after group guidance.
Prior to the guidance of home room technique group from 20 respondents got 11 respondents experiencing mild anxiety (55%), 7 respondents experienced moderate anxiety (35%), and 2 respondents had severe anxiety (10%). After the guidance of the home room technique group 16 respondents did not experience anxiety (80%), but there are still a mild anxiety that is 4 respondents (20%), those who experience mild anxiety say they are not ready to face menarche because there are some things that have not they understand aboutmenarche.
The guidance of the home room technique group is a technique done by the counselor in helping students solve problems by creating a family atmosphere that is used to hold meetings with a group of students both in class and out of class with a comfortable and open atmosphere. Thus the information conveyed is easily absorbed and the anxiety can be reduced Damayanti
(2008). The guidance of the home room technique group conducted in this research is 3 meetings.
Providing guidance of home room technic groups against young women who face menarche turned out to affect the decrease in anxiety teenage girls at Aisyiyah Islamic Elementary School Cianjur.
Respondents may reveal their previously embarrassed and dishonest content. But because it created an open atmosphere respondents can be honest with what they feel. Provision of information as a form of motivation to respondents so that respondents do not feel anxious with menarche. influence After getting correct information happened positive change of perception and anxiety of respondent decrease, beside that there is positive influence from peers who already feel not worried, they give positive influence to other peers who still feel anxious, so the anxiety of respondent can
also decreased rapidly.
Conclussion
The average score of anxiety teenage girls fourth grade, and V who faced menarche sebelm done guidance home class technique group is 58.35 including into mild anxiety. The average score of anxiety teenage girls fourth grade, and V who faced menarche sebelm done guidance home room technique group is 39.05 including into not worry. There is influence of home room tech group guidance to level of anxiety of adolescent girls facing menarche class IV, and V at SD Aisyiyah Islamic Center Cianjur Pvalue = 0.0001 (pvalue <α) α used 0,05.
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