INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW ... - Ejournal2 Undiksha

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15 Available online at https://ejournal2.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/IJLTC/issue/archive

OVERVIEW OF STATE ORGANIZERS' WEALTH REPORT (LHKPN) AS A MEANS OF CORRUPTION PREVENTION

Yehezkiel

Fakultas Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Email:[email protected]

Info Artikel Abstract Masuk:1Desember2022

Diterima:23Januari2022 Terbit: 1 Februari2022 Keywords:

LHKPN, KPK, and Corruption

Corresponding Author:

Yehezkiel, email:

[email protected]

Overview of State Officials' Wealth Reports (LHKPN) as a Means of Corruption Prevention. Through the KPK, the LHKPN was published as a means of preventing corruption, which is useful as a medium for control and supervision so that public transparency emerges. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, in which the data sources in writing this article come from books, both in physical form and e-books, articles, literature, and scientific journals. This review will explain how LHKPN can be said as a means of preventing corruption.

Introduction

State Administrators can be equated with State Officials who serve with the functions of the executive, legislative, and judiciary, as well as other high-ranking officials who serve and are related to the administration of the state as based on Law No.28 of 1999. In Indonesia, state organizers are the most important element because in the eradication of corruption, almost all articles in the Corruption Crime Law (Tipikor) involve state organizers, ranging from article elements, bribery identification, gratidication, to abuse of authority/position.

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Although state organizers are considered the most important element, in reality it is the state organizers who dominate the number of corruption in Indonesia to date. It is proven by the records of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) from 2004 to October 20, 2022 that "there were as many as 537 corruption crimes committed by state organizers".¹

There are many causes of corruption crimes committed intentionally or unintentionally by state organizers, for example for personal interests. In addition, there are also many losses that must be borne by the state if state organizers commit corruption. As well as the confidence and trust of the public to the state organizers will be further reduced until there is a movement of rebellion within the state.

To avoid these adverse effects, an instrument and sanctions are needed that can bind and ensnare perpetrators who commit corruption, especially for state organizers. In addition, a supervisory party is also needed who is in charge of overseeing the pace of development of state finances.

Therefore, the role of the KPK is needed, which will later be in charge of supervising the implementation of state government by conducting investigations, investigations, and also prosecutions through the State Operator's Wealth Report (LHKPN) for koruspi perpetrators.

Research Methods

The writing method in this article is a qualitative descriptive method, where the source of data in writing this article comes from books both in physical form and e-books, articles, literature, and scientific journals that have conducted previous research containing information about the State Operator's Wealth Report (LHKPN) as a means of preventing corruption. Through literature studies and data analysis techniques in writing this article using qualitative descriptive which is a data citation technique. The limitations of the problems in this paper are focused on the legal basis, uses, and also the procedures for filling LHKPN as a means of eradicating corruption.

Discussion

Legal Basis of LHKPN in Eradicating Corruption

The State Operator's Wealth Report (LHKPN) is a tool to detect corruption crimes, and seems to be used as a preliminary evaluation. LHKPN is regulated in Law No.28 of 1999 concerning "State Organizers Who Are Clean And Free From Corruption, Collusion, And Nepotism", which is specifically regulated from the Corruption Eradication Commission Regulation No.07 of 2016

1 Databoks.co.id, 2022. "KPK Handles 1310 Corruption Cases From 2004 to October 2002".

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concerning "Procedures for Registration, Announcement, and Examination of Wealth Reports of State Operators".²

In Law No.28 of 1999, several principles are stated, including; the principle of orderly state administration, the principle of openness, the principle of legal certainty, the principle of public interest, the principle of accountability, the principle of professionalism, and the principle of proportionality. The meaning of all these principles is to create an honest and good government, so that concerns about corruption can be overcome.

Based on Law No. 28 tahun 1999 Penyelenggara Negara, namely "state officials who carry out executive, legislative, or judicial functions, and other officials whose main functions and duties are related to the administration of the state in accordance with the provisions of applicable laws and regulations" . Meanwhile, according to Law No. 30 of 2002 concerning "Corruption Eradication Commission and Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) Decree" Number: KEP.07 / KPK / 02/2005 concerning "Procedures for Registration, Examination and Announcement of The Organizer's Wealth Report" is also the underlying legal basis.

General Provisions of Article 1 paragraphs (3) and (4) of the Corruption Eradication Commission Regulation No.07 of 2016 explain that LHKPN is also a system used to store wealth data of all State Operators, as well as about registrations, notifications, and also checks from the stateorganizers.

As a provision on the mandatory / mandatory, all State Operators are also obliged to report and notify their assets before, during and after their term of office, as in Law No.28 of 1999 Article 5 paragraphs (2) and (3).

In accordance with the provisions of the LHKPN, State Operators who must or are required to report LHKPN are State Operators at the Highest State Institutions, such as ministers, governors, and judges, with a legal basis in the article of Law No.28 of 1999. State Organizers who also have strategic roles such as commissioners, directors, and structural officials in BUMN, BUMD, Indonesian Banking,

2 Nazhiri Farhan Ahmad, 2019. "Implementation of Administrative Sanctions Report on the Results of State Organizers' Wealth Against the Creation of a Clean and Free Government of Corruption, Collusion, and Nepotism". Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta. P.11.

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Universities, Echelon I Officials, court clerks, prosecutors, investigators, and project treasurers are also required to report LHKPN as stipulated in the applicable law. Even based on the Menpan Circular Number: SE/03/M.PAN/01/2005 and Pfrom Presidential Instruction No.5 Tahun 2004 concerning

"LHKPN, individuals who are required to report LHKPN are Echelon II Officials and other officials who are equated within government agencies or state agencies, heads of offices within the Ministry of Finance, Customs and Excise Inspectors, Tax Inspectors, Auditors, Officials who issue permits, officials or heads of community service units and regulatory officials".

The Usefulness of LHKPN in Eradicating Corruption

The Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) is a state institution established to eradicate corruption, which is regulated in Law No. 30 of 2002. The KPK in carrying out its functions has duties such as; coordinate with authorized agencies in eradicating corruption, supervise authorized agencies in eradicating corruption, conduct investigations, investigations and prosecutions, take corruption prevention measures, and monitor the implementation of state government.³

Especially in investigations, the KPK made the LHKPN a means of investigating corruption for all state organizers. The purpose of the formation of the LHKPN is the authority of the KPK itself.

Through LHKPN, public transparency will be realized, this is because through LHKPN the community can also freely access and see about the development of wealth from State Organizers so as to reduce suspicions that arise in the community. In addition, LHKPN can also be a control medium to assess the integrity and honesty of state organizers during the course of carrying out their duties.

Categorized through LHKPN, the KPK can indirectly monitor the development of the assets of State Operators. LHKPN also produces convenience and practicality for State Operators in notifying their respective assets, without the need to manage and report them directly to the KPK office. In addition, the government hopes that through the LHKPN it will be able to reduce the number of corruption that often occurs in Indonesia, therefore the government through the KPK always emphasizes the existence of LHKPN for State Operators.

Procedures for Filling LHKPN

As it is known that the development of the times will increasingly lead to the modernization side. By using various applications, media, or systems, everything can be made easier quickly. As

3 Detik.com. "Functions and Tasks of KPK Students Already Know Yet".

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evidenced by the state organizer's wealth report system which used to have to be filled in directly manually, now it can be filled online through the site. As Ipi Maryati, a spokesperson for the KPK for Prevention, said, "filling out LHKPN is not complicated, since 2017, the KPK no longer provides printed forms for LHKPN. Instead, the KPK has published an online wealth reporting application called e-LHKPN, which can be used and accessed through www.elhkpn.kpk.go.id application or website".⁴

However, in fact, at the beginning of the issuance of the system, many State Operators did not know how to use it, so the problem of delays in the collection time for LHKPN arose. By looking at these problems, the KPK provides a solution by making a video about the LHKPN pegisian procedures on YouTube, in the hope that it can help and guide state organizers to fill out the LHKPN properly and correctly. The following are the procedures for filling LHKPN reported through one of the YouTube channels⁵, namely by:

1. Open via google sistus https:// elhkpn.kpk.go.id/portal/user/login#. After logging in through the account you have, then please click "Report LHKPN";

2. After entering the homepage, continue to click the "e-Filling" menu;

3. Then continue to click "FILL IN NEW LHKPN" in the right corner position, after that immediately click "Reporting Type; Periodic";

4. Next, it will lead to Personal Data containing NIK, Name, and others that must be filled in. Once in the content, click "Next";

5. Next, it will lead to a Job Title that contains a Concurrent Position. Once in the content, click "Next";

6. Next, it will lead to Family Data which contains family data, and can be filled in or changed according to the Family Card by clicking "+Add". Once in the content, click

"Next";

7. Next, it will lead to Property that contains personal property data such as land / buildings, securities and others. Once in the content, click "Next";

4 National Tempo.com. "Here's How to Fill LHKPN Electronically Can Be Done From Anywhere".

5 Bryan Bang. 2021. "Tutorial on How to Fill in e-LHKPN for Civil Servants".

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8. Next, it will lead to Revenue which contains revenue data from work such as salary, income and others; and business revenue data such as investments, sales and others.

Once in the content, click "Next";

9. Next, it will lead to Expenses which contains data on routine expenses, assets, and others. Once in the content, click "Next";

10. Next, it will lead to the Sales/Release Annex which contains data on the sale/release/giving of property and receipt of assets. Once in the content, click "Next";

11. Next, it will lead to the Facility which contains data on the receipt of facilities / benefits.

Once in the content, click "Next";

12. After filling in these data, a Summary of the State Administration Wealth Report will appear which contains data on asset recapitulation, recapitulation of cash receipts, and others;

13. Then, each summary of that data is ready to be printed, processed and announced.

Through these procedures, LHKPN data can be filled in properly and easily, without having to trouble state operators in carrying out their duties and obligations.

Conclusion

LHKPN is an important tool for the KPK in an effort to eradicate corruption committed by state organizers. LHKPN has a very important and also useful role, such as being a medium of control and supervision so that there is openness about the assets owned by state operators. In addition, LHKPN also provides openness for the community by providing an opportunity for the public to see for themselves the wealth data of the State Organizers they want, which will have an impact on reducing the sense of public happiness for State Organizers in corruption acts. Along with the times, LHKPN has also been facilitated through sites or applications that can be reached online at any time. The current LHKPN is also more efficient and of course will make it easier for State Operators to fill it as well as their duties and obligations. In terms of this value, LHKPN can be said to be a means of preventing corruption acts made by the KPK, because the current LHKPN has a public transparency that makes state organizers reluctant and difficult if they intend to commit acts of corruption.

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Advice

As it is known that LHKPN is a means of preventing corruption, the LHKPN should be designed and regulated strictly and given a high level of security so that it cannot create opportunities from fraud that should be handed over. Therefore, it would be nice for the LHKPN system to be further refined again.

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