HEALTH, SAFETY, SECURITY IN LOGISTICS
24306_Even Semester 2022/2023
Week 10 – Extreme T and P Working Conditions
REVIEW
Heat Transfer
Fire
REVIEW – FIRE AND HEAT
REVIEW - FIRE TRIANGLE
https://youtu.be/AFwkGTEles8 https://youtu.be/RDV2eubmfIE
OUTLINE
Hazards of Extreme T and P
Working in extreme temperature (very hot and very cold) environment
Working in extreme (physical) pressure environment
EXTREME T AND P WORKING CONDITIONS
Based on Canadian Standards Associations number Z1010-2018, Management of Work in extreme conditions defines extreme condition as ‘existing in a very high degree, exceeding the ordinary, usual, acclimatized to, or expected condition.’
The extreme conditions include work both indoors and outdoors that involves conditions such
•as:Extreme cold, heat or humidity
• High winds, including thunderstorms, tornados, and hurricanes
• Heavy rain, high snowfall, ice buildup that leads to slippery conditions
• Flash flooding, Lightning, Forest fires
• High altitude
• High and low atmospheric pressure conditions
• Locations (complex terrain, north/south pole with extreme low temperature)
https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/hsprograms/extreme_conditions.html
EXTREME T AND P
WORKING CONDITIONS
To ensure maximum productivity, it is necessary to check the
determinants of comforts in a workplace: the temperature, the humidity, and the air distribution.
http://ilab.engr.utk.edu
BASIC CONCEPT OF THERMAL ENERGY
Conduction – transfer of heat from one location to another within a body.
Convection – transfer of heat from one point to another of a moving medium.
Radiant Heat – transfer of heat through space.
Metabolic Heat – heat produced within a body as a result of activity that burns energy.
Environmental Heat – heat produced by electric heating system.
HEAT STRESS
Heat stress is the net heat load to which a worker might be exposed from the combined contributions of metabolic effect of work, environmental factors (air Temperature,
humidity, air movement and radiant heat exchange).
HEAT STRESS
Heat stress related terms are:
Heat exhaustion – T body higher than normal, loss through sweating off fluid and salt.
Heat stroke – skin becomes hot & dry, can lead to mental confusion and seizures.
Heat cramps – muscle cramps because of the reduced amount of fluid and salt.
Heat syncope or fainting – blood vessel dilation, reduce the blood flow to the head.
Heat rash – skin condition where sweat does not evaporate completely.
MVTR (Moisture Vapor Transfer Rate) – the ability of a fabric to dissipate heat, the higher the MVTR, the better it is in hot environments.
HEAT STRAIN
Heat Strain is the overall physiological response resulting from heat stress.
Acclimitization is the gradual
physiological adaptation that improves an individual ability to tolerate heat
stress.
SYMPTOMS OF HEAT STRAIN
A sustained rapid heart rate > 140 beats per minute Core body temperature > 38.5 deg Celsius
Sudden and severe fatigue, nausea, dizziness or light-headedness Moist skin
Pale/flush complexion
3 SIMPLE WORDS FOR HEAT STRESS
COLD STRESS
Cold Stress is the
excessive exposure to cold that can lead to hypothermia that causes the body’s Temperature to fall below 36degC and reduce the muscular
function, the tactile
sensitivity and blood flow.
http://www.backroadmapbooks.com/blog/hypothermia-and-frostbite-101/
COLD STRESS AND BODY TEMPERATURE
COLD STRESS
Here is the cooling effect of the wind
COLD STRESS
Since cold stress is magnified by wind, the faster the wind is, the chiller it gets.
The following is Threshold Limit Values (TLV) for a 4-hour shift*
*For workers properly dressed in dry clothing
PRESSURE HAZARD
Pressure Hazard is a hazard caused by a dangerous condition involving pressure.
Decompression sickness can result from the decompression that
accompanies a rapid rise from sea level to 5,486 m or a rapid ascent from 40 to 20 m underwater.
Nitrogen Narcosis is a pressure hazard caused by breathing Nitrogen in a higher than atmospheric pressure condition, such as in deep-sea diving.
Nitrogen Narcosis can lead to reduction of cerebral and neural activities
PRESSURE HAZARD
Pressure Hazard in a manufacturing plant
involves the hazard of the pressure vessels, such as compressed air tanks and steam-jacketed kettles.
MANAGING EXTREME WORKING CONDITIONS
A program to manage and control the hazards and risks is mandatory. The elements can include:
1. Procedures for safe work in the anticipated conditions 2. Emergency response and rescue plans
3. Use of monitoring systems (temperature, pressure and humidity) 4. Monitoring weather conditions
5. Effective communications between workers 6. Transportations
7. Work site design
8. Administrative controls (restricting access, safe work procedures) 9. Education and training
10. Fitness for employees working in those conditions
https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/hsprograms/extreme_conditions.html
