Introduction
Materials & method
Results
Histopathology of fibroblast cells in rat incisional spinal wound healing on day 7: (A) Placebo gel group, (B) 15% Binjai leaf gel extract group, (C) 15% Ramania leaf gel extract group. Histopathology of fibroblast cells in incisional spinal wound healing of rat on day 14: (A) Placebo Gel Group, (B) 15% Binjai Leaves Gel Extract Group, (C) 15% Ramania Leaves Gel Extract Group Figure 3 shows the histopathology of fibroblast cells number in incisional spinal wound of rat in placebo gel group with a total of 7-8 cells, binjai leaf extract gel at the concentration of 15% group with a total of 9-13 cells, and finally ramania leaf extract gel at the concentration of 15% group with a total of 10-14 cells. There was a significant difference based on treatments and based on days for the number of fibroblast cells.
Meanwhile, the significance value in the interaction between treatment and day was greater than 0.05 which means that there was no significant difference between treatment and day to the number of fibroblast cells. Based on the table, there was no significant difference between binjai leaves extract gel at the concentration of 15% group and ramania leaves extract gel at the concentration of 15% group (p=1.000). Based on mean difference between placebo gel group and binjai leaves extract gel at the concentration of 15% group (0.467) and between the placebo gel group and ramania leaves extract at 15% concentration group (0.517), it is revealed that ramania leaves extract gel at the concentration of 15% has a better effect compared to binjai leaves extract gel at the concentration of 15%.
The result based on the day shows that there was a significant difference between day 7 and day 14. The result of this study proves that binjai leaves extraction gel and ramania leaves extract gel could increase the number of fibroblasts on day 7 and increase the number of fibroblasts on day 14. Based on Figure 1, it is shown that the average number of fibroblast cells on day 7 and day 14 showed a significant difference between placebo gel and treatment groups, such as binjai leaves extract gel at the concentration of 15% and ramania leaves gel extract at the concentration of 15%.
Flavonoid will support the increase in insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) as a mediator of fibroblast proliferation. This study result based on figure 1 shows that there is a difference in the average of fibroblast cell number on day 7. Ramania leaves extract gel at the concentration of 15% group and binjai leaves extract gel at the concentration of 15% group shows better result in comparison with placebo gel group.
The placebo gel group has a fibroblast cell count that is lower than the binjai leaf extract gel at 15% concentration and the ramania leaf extract gel at 15% concentration. According to the research of Ismiardianita et al., (2019), which used the extract of Clausena excavate containing flavonoid in the rat extraction wound, it contained that the number of fibroblasts decreased on the 14th day compared to the 7th day. Another cause of the decrease in the number of fibroblast cells is the phenotypic change of fibroblast to myofibroblast.
Conclusion
Based on research by Kurnia (2015), who used Camellia sinensis, flavonoid will support lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-1 (IL-1) which will stimulate T-cell proliferation and differentiation to T-helper1 (Th1). In addition to growth factors, flavonoid can produce cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-4, IL-8 to support fibroblast chemotaxis and keratinocytes.18,20. Seven days after wound formation, fibroblast numbers will reach their peak and replace the macrophage in inflammation phase.21 Macrophage release growth factors, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), endothelial growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), and TGF-β, which stimulates proliferation of fibroblasts and generates extracellular matrix (ECM) formation.22 Fibroblasts using matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) will seize the fibrin matrix and replace it with glycosaminoglycan (GAG).
Extracellular matrix will be replaced by type III collagen which is also produced by fibroblasts.1 Type III collagen is commonly found for tissue repair and reaches its peak on the 5th-7th day after wound formation.22. After the peak on day 7, fibroblast will decrease because wound healing process is going well and fibroblast will be more progressive to synthesize the collagen in maturation phase. Myofibroblasts help the wound to contract and reconnect.23 Myofibroblasts are linked by cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix and express α-Smooth Muscle Action (α-SMA) through repetitive contraction to contract collagen fibers in the area of injury. produce .
1,22,25 At this stage, type III collagen will be replaced by type I collagen, which is band-shaped and has stronger tensile strength and density in new tissue.24 Only about 80% tensile strength will be regained due to the ability of collagen fibers, which can only regain 80% of his normal strength before damage.1.
Peran ekstrak etanol daun mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) topikal dalam penyembuhan luka dilihat dari imunekspresi CD34 dan kolagen pada tikus Wistar. Potensi ekstrak teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) dalam meningkatkan jumlah sel soket fibroblas pasca pencabutan gigi pada tikus wistar. Jumlah fibroblas pada luka bakar derajat dua pada tikus setelah pemberian gel ekstrak etanol biji kakao dan perak sulfadiazin.
Efektivitas pemberian gel Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) 5% terhadap jumlah sel fibroblas pada soket gigi kelinci percobaan (Cavia cobaya) pasca pencabutan. Khasiat Gel Ekstrak Daun Binjai (Mangifera Caesia) dan Gel Ekstrak Daun Ramania (Bouea.
The Effect Of Binjai Leaves Extract Gel (Mangifera Caesia) And Ramania Leaves Extract Gel (Bouea
Cells In Incisional Wound Of Male Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)
Discussion
An incisional wound in rats will undergo a wound healing process that consists of 3 phases, i.e., inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling [2]. The fibroblast cell can be found in connective tissue and plays an important role in the formation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) for the wound. constipation [15]. The flavonoid will protect the body so that the wound healing process can continue and promote fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis [7], [8]. Based on research [19] that used Camellia sinensis, the flavonoid will support lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-1 (IL-1), which will stimulate T-cell proliferation and differentiation into T-helper1 (Th1).
Macrophages release growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), endothelial growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), and TGF-β, which stimulate fibroblast proliferation. and generate extracellular matrix (ECM) formation [22]. According to a research [24] that used the flavonoid-containing extract of Clausena excavate in the extraction wound of rats, it contained that the number of fibroblasts decreased on the 14th day compared to the 7th day. Myofibroblasts have cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix connections and express α-Smooth Muscle Action (α-SMA) through repetitive contraction to produce collagen fibers at the site of injury.
At this stage, type III collagen will be replaced by type I collagen which is band shaped and has stronger tensile strength and density in new tissue [24]. Only about 80% tensile strength will be regained due to collagen fiber ability to regain only 80% of its normal pre-injury strength [1]. Based on statistical results and discussion shows that there is effect of binjai leaves extract gel at concentration of 15% and ramania leaves extract gel at concentration of 15% to the number of fibroblast cell in rat incision back which will increase on day 7 and decrease on day 14.
Berdasarkan hasil statistik, gel ekstrak daun ramania (Bouea microphylla Griffith.) dengan konsentrasi 15% mempunyai hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan gel ekstrak binjai (Mangifera caesia) dengan konsentrasi 15% dan gel plasebo. Pengaruh pemberian ibuprofen pra operasi terhadap proliferasi sel inflamasi kronis pada proses penyembuhan luka pasca pencabutan gigi. Pemanfaatan krim ekstrak batang dan daun Seruhan (Peperomia pellucida L.H.B.K) dalam proses penyembuhan luka bakar pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus).
Effect that gives gum gel Banana plant stem against density in local collagen fibers Wound healing process after tooth extraction Marmots. Formulasi Gel Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Sebagai Anti-inflamasi Topikal Pada Tikus (Rattus novergicus). The effectiveness of methanolic extract Clausena Excavate on fibroblast number and collagen fiber density after tooth extraction.
