LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM PENGUKURAN ALIRAN FLUIDA DAN FRIKSI

LAPORAN

PRAKTIKUM PENGUKURAN ALIRAN FLUIDA DAN FRIKSI

Kelompok : 1 (satu)

Nama anggota kelompok : 1. Elana Maraya Putri (2231410079) 2. Hasna Nur Hanifah (2231410090) 3. Mahhathir Muhammad (2231410039) 4. Novia Fitriandini (2231410069)

1. Tujuan Percobaan

1. Memahami dan mengerti prinsip pengukuran aliran fluida.

2. Mengenal beberapa jenis alat ukur kecepatan alir fluida.

3.

Melakukan percobaan kecepatan aliran fluida dengan menggunakan masing-masing alat ukur kecepatan alir fluida.

4.

Menentukan koefisien masing-masing alat ukur kecepatan alir fluida.

2. Skema Kerja

(terlampir)

3. Hasil Percobaan

A. Perhitungan

*Perhitungan berlaku untuk semua alat ukur aliran fluida (Orifice-meter, Venturi-meter, Pitot-tube) untuk berbagai putaran

1) Flow Rate (Q)

Q= 1

4 π d

²

u

Contoh perhitungan nilai Q untuk Putaran 3 Orifice meter yaitu:

Q= 1

4

(3,14)(0,0170

m)

²(0,338

m s

)

Q=7,67 × 10

⁻⁵

m

³

s

2) Velocity (

u

)

Contoh perhitungan nilai

u

untuk Putaran 3 Orifice meter yaitu:

u=

4

(

^{7,67×10−5m}s³

)

π(0,0170m)²

u=0,33792 m

s

3) Reynold Number

ℜ=

ρ u d μ

Contoh perhitungan nilai Re untuk Putaran 3 Orifice meter yaitu:

Dimana

ρ=997,08 kg

m

³(Water at

25

℃)

Appendix A .2

ℜ=

( ^{997,08 kg} m

³

) ^{( 0,33792 m s )}

^(0,0170

^m)

0,0015 Kg m s

ℜ=4980,717

4) Measured Head Loss (h)

h=h

_C−h_D

Contoh perhitungan nilai h untuk Putaran 3 Orifice meter yaitu:

h=5,09−4,63

h=0,46

5) Friction Factor ( f¿

Contoh perhitungan nilai

f

untuk Putaran 3 Orifice meter yaitu: dengan Diketahui Re =5050, ϵ=0,15mm , D=17mm

r= 0,,15 mm 17 mm r= 0,008

Maka Mencari Nilai f menggunakan moody chart yaitu didapatkan 0,046

6) Calculated Head loss (h)

h= 2 fLu

²

g d

Contoh perhitungan nilai h untuk Putaran 3 Orifice meter yaitu:

h=

2

(0,046)(1

m)(O, 338 m s

)

2

( ^{9,8 m} s

²

)

^(0,017

^m

⁾

h=0,0630m

B. Data Pengamatan Putaran 1,5

Orifice meter Volume

Collecte d V [litres]

Time to Collect

t [s]

Flow Rate Qv [litres/s]

Test Pipe Diamete

r d [m]

Measure d Head Loss

hs [m]

Reynold's Number

Re

Velocity

u [m/s]

Friction Factor

f

Calculate d Head Loss h (m

H2O)

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 0,261 4224 0,283

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 0,329 4154 0,278

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 0,363 4154 0,278

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 0,341 4224 0,283

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 0,329 4224 0,283

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 0,329 4224 0,283

Rata-rata 0,325 4193 0,281 0,047 0,0445

Venturi meter Volume

Collecte d V [litres]

Time to Collect

t [s]

Flow Rate Qv [litres/s]

Test Pipe Diamete

r d [m]

Measure d Head Loss

hs [m]

Reynold's Number

Re

Velocity

u [m/s]

Friction Factor

f

Calculate d Head Loss h (m

H2O)

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 1,203 4154 0,278

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 1,203 4154 0,278

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 1,135 4154 0,278

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 1,181 4154 0,278

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 1,226 4154 0,278

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 1,237 4154 0,278

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 1,203 4224 0,283

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 1,215 4154 0,278

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 1,169 4154 0,278

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 1,237 4154 0,278

20,00 28,67 0,70 0,0170 1,237 4154 0,278

Rata-rata 1,204 4160 0,278 0,047 0,0436

Pitot tube Volume

Collecte d V [litres]

Time to Collect

t [s]

Flow Rate Qv [litres/s]

Test Pipe Diamete

r d [m]

Measure d Head Loss

hs [m]

Reynold's Number

Re

Velocity

u [m/s]

Friction Factor

f

Calculate d Head Loss h (m

H2O)

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.25 4998 0.334

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.27 5069 0.339

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.25 5069 0.339

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.25 5069 0.339

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.22 4998 0.334

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.24 5069 0.339

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.23 5069 0.339

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.30 5069 0.339

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.25 4998 0.334

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.27 4998 0.334

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.24 4998 0.334

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.28 4998 0.334

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.27 5069 0.339

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.27 4998 0.334

Rata-rata 0,46 5034 0,337 0,044 0,0599

Putaran 3

Orifice meter Volume

Collecte d V [litres]

Time to Collect

t [s]

Flow Rate Qv [litres/s]

Test Pipe Diamete

r d [m]

Measure d Head Loss

hs [m]

Reynold's Number

Re

Velocity

u [m/s]

Friction Factor

f

Calculate d Head Loss h (m

H2O)

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 0,500 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 0,443 4998 0,334

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 0,397 4998 0,334

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 0,431 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 0,465 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 0,443 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 0,443 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 0,477 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 0,488 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 0,465 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 0,465 4998 0,334

Rata-rata 0,456 5050 0,338 0,046 0,0630

Venturi meter

Volume Collecte

d V [litres]

Time to Collect

t [s]

Flow Rate Qv [litres/s]

Test Pipe Diamete

r d [m]

Measure d Head Loss

hs [m]

Reynold's Number

Re

Velocity

u [m/s]

Friction Factor

f

Calculate d Head Loss h (m

H2O)

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,771 4998 0,334

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,771 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,794 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,782 4998 0,334

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,794 4928 0,330

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,782 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,748 4998 0,334

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,771 4998 0,334

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,794 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,771 4998 0,334

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,782 4998 0,334

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,771 4998 0,334

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,760 4998 0,334

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,771 5069 0,339

20,00 25,21 0,79 0,0170 1,771 4998 0,334

Rata-rata 1,776 5017 0,336 0,044 0,05963

Pitot tube Volume

Collecte d V [litres]

Time to Collect

t [s]

Flow Rate Qv [litres/s]

Test Pipe Diamete

r d [m]

Measure d Head Loss

hs [m]

Reynold's Number

Re

Velocity

u [m/s]

Friction Factor

f

Calculate d Head Loss h (m

H2O)

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.32 4224 0.283

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.11 4224 0.283

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.43 4224 0.283

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.30 4294 0.287

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.22 4294 0.287

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.16 4154 0.278

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.24 4294 0.287

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.18 4154 0.278

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.28 4224 0.283

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 -0.28 4154 0.278

Rata-rata -0,25 4224 0,338 0,046 0,0630

Putaran 4,5

Orifice meter Volume

Collecte d V [litres]

Time to Collect

t [s]

Flow Rate Qv [litres/s]

Test Pipe Diamete

r d [m]

Measure d Head Loss

hs [m]

Reynold's Number

Re

Velocity

u [m/s]

Friction Factor

f

Calculate d Head Loss h (m

H2O)

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,454 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,500 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,511 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,511 5210 0,349

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,454 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,488 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,500 5210 0,349

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,488 5210 0,349

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,454 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,511 5210 0,349

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,488 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,477 5210 0,349

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,522 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,454 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 0,454 5139 0,344

Rata-rata 0,484 5163 0,345 0,046 0,0657

Venturi meter Volume

Collecte d V [litres]

Time to Collect

t [s]

Flow Rate Qv [litres/s]

Test Pipe Diamete

r d [m]

Measure d Head Loss

hs [m]

Reynold's Number

Re

Velocity

u [m/s]

Friction Factor

f

Calculate d Head Loss h (m

H2O)

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 1,873 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 1,828 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 1,862 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 1,862 5210 0,349

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 1,839 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 1,862 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 1,828 5210 0,349

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 1,885 5210 0,349

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 1,873 5139 0,344

20,00 24,09 0,83 0,0170 1,885 5139 0,344

Rata-rata 1,860 5155 0,345 0,046 0,0657

Pitot-tube

Volume

Collecte d V [litres]

Time to Collect

t [s]

Flow Rate Qv [litres/s]

Test Pipe Diamete

r d [m]

Measure d Head Loss

hs [m]

Reynold's Number

Re

Velocity

u [m/s]

Friction Factor

f

Calculate d Head Loss h (m

H2O)

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.25 5210 0.349

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.27 5139 0.344

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.27 5139 0.344

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.28 5139 0.344

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.37 5139 0.344

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.30 5139 0.344

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.28 5139 0.344

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.30 5139 0.344

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.28 5139 0.344

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.32 5069 0.339

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.28 5139 0.344

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.31 5139 0.344

20,00 28.67 0.70 0,0170 0.31 5210 0.349

Rata-rata 0,29 5145 0,344 0,044 0,0625

Orifice-meter

Putaran Ke h u

0 0 0

1,5 0,0445 0,281

3 0,0630 0,338

4,5 0,0667 0,345

Venturi-meter

Putaran Ke h u

0 0 0

1,5 0,0436 0,278

3 0,0596 0,336

4,5 0,0657 0,345

Pitot tube Putaran

Ke

h u

0 0 0

1,5 0,0599 0,337

3 0,0630 0,338

4,5 0,0625 0,344

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4

0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08

Orifice-meter

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4

0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07

Venturi-meter

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4

0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07

Pitot tube