The aim of this research was to discover the types of ungrammatical sentence errors students made when writing a descriptive text with a linking verb based on the surface strategy taxonomy. Alhamdulillah, the research expresses the greatest thanks of gratitude to Allah SWT for blessing and mercy on the writer during the process till the end of writing this research. While writing this research, the writer encountered many problems, so he found that this research has many mistakes and weaknesses.
Highest respect and deep gratitude to Andi's beloved parents Syamsul Jihad AK and Hj. Therefore, it was his pleasure to receive constructive criticism and suggestions for the improvement of this research.
INTRODUCTION
Problem Statement
Based on the background above, the problem statement of this study is: What are the types of errors in ungrammatical sentence that the students made in writing descriptive text using linking verb based on Surface Strategy Taxonomy.
Objective of The Research
Significance of The Research
Scope of the Research
- Ungrammatical or Grammatical errors
- The Concept of Writing a. Definition of Writing
- The Concept of Linking Verbs
- Conceptual Framework
Grammatical mistakes in writing descriptive texts" The result of the research shows that the most mistakes made by students are in the "choice of words". This error occurred due to interference in the students' native language. Students' Grammatical Errors in Descriptive Paragraph Writing.” The result of the error analysis process showed that the students made four types of errors: omission, addition, selection and ordering. To summarize, it showed that the use of grammar in descriptive paragraph writing is difficult for students.
Wahyuningsih (2013) in her thesis entitled “Analysis of Grammatical Errors in Descriptive Writing of 3rd Semester Students of English Education Department STAIN Gajah Putih” The results of the study are as follows. This means that error plays a positive role in language learning, as it is a sign that the language learner is not learning the rules of the target language correctly. As Erdogan in Alfiyana (2013:23) points out that "error analysis is concerned with learners' performance in terms of the cognitive processes they use to recognize or encode the input they receive from the target language".
Therefore, the primary focus of error analysis is on evidence that learners' errors provide insight into the underlying process of second language acquisition. The student has placed the auxiliary verb do before the sentence and matched the form of do to the subject. However, the students also used the corresponding form of the main verb.
Many of the grammatical sentences that English language learners produce are the result of transferring grammar rules from their mother tongue to English. Pardiyono (2007:34) states that descriptive paragraph is a type of written text paragraph, which has the specific function of describing about an object (living or non-living things) and it has the purpose of giving description of the object to the reader. give. apparent. You want to create such a vivid impression of the place to let the reader see what you see.
This impression is a kind of thumbnail sketch that will become the main idea of the description. The topic is: the students were allowed to choose one of the images in the topic and write a descriptive text.
Research Subject
In conducting this study, the writer used descriptive qualitative research to analyze and describe the students' errors. According to Arikunto, qualitative research is a research procedure that attempts to find out data about a problem, collect it, and describe it in the written word. Therefore, in this study, the writer collected the data of students' writing of a descriptive text using simple sentences when linking verbs, and then analyzed, classified and described the grammar based on Surface Strategy Taxonomy (omission, addition, deformation and wrong order).
According to Teddlie and Yu (2007), purposive sampling is a sampling technique that involves problem (based on specific objectives).
Research Instrument
The Procedure of collecting data
The researcher gave the students a writing test and instructed the students to write descriptive text to describe one of the pictures provided by the researcher. The researcher gave one hour to the respondents to complete the tasks given by the researcher. Students write descriptive text for one of the pictures is chosen and students must write a minimum of 80 words and a maximum of 150 words.
The researcher analyzed the data by ungrammatical sentences or students' mistakes in writing descriptive text using simple sentences in connecting verb and calculated the percentage of the data. In this step, the author as the researcher wrote all the information about the research to include in the research findings.
Technique of Data Analysis
Types of ungrammatical linking verb sentence errors in descriptive text writing of third semester students at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. This data was to determine what kind of errors students made in the ungrammatical linking verb sentence in the descriptive text writing of the third semester students at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. Below are some examples of students' ungrammatical linking verb sentences in descriptive writing based on the type of errors in the Surface Strategy Taxonomy.
The following data in table 4.1 below presents only 3 items of errors as examples of the errors committed by the students. Addition errors are characterized by the presence of an extra item that may not occur in a well-formed utterance. In this research, the students added unnecessary item in the form of the written test and there were 10 items of addition errors.
The following data in Table 4.2 below shows only 3 error items as examples of the errors made by the students. Misformation errors are characterized by the use of the wrong form of the morpheme or structure. The following data in Table 4.3 below shows only 3 error items as examples of the errors made by the students.
The following data in Table 4.4 below presents only 3 error points as samples of errors made by students. The writer identified ungrammatical linking verb sentences from each student using the Surface Strategy Taxonomy. They were 17 items of malformation errors, 14 items of omission errors, 12 items of misordering errors, and 10 items of additional errors.
Discussion
Afterwards, the students are still confused and have difficulty in using the linking verb in writing the descriptive text due to the lack of writing exercises. It was also expressed by Gusti Students make mistakes in verbs if they do not use the linking verb correctly in the sentence. The verb "are" in the above topic sentence is not more than one, because the subject indicates the name of the community, which means that the use of the word "is" is more appropriate.
The students made such mistakes that the important part in the structure of the sentences is omitted. The writer has found that the total number of misordered errors is 12 items or 22.64% as we know that misordering is wrong placement of a morpheme or group of morpheme or word utterances. According to Ellis in Meliyanti (2014:73), error order is concerned with the correct placement of words in the sentences, but the word "is" just focuses on the incorrect placement of being as a linking verb.
As stated by Dulay, Burt, Krashen it is said that "The presence of an extra item that should not be present in a well-formed utterance is characteristic of additions". In this case the students made some mistakes in their sentences, there are 10 items or 18.87% addition errors. The objectives of this research were to find out what kind of errors, frequency and percentage of errors were made by students in writing descriptive text of the use of linking verbs based on Surface Strategy Taxonomy in the third semester students at the Muhammadiyah University of Makassar in the academic year of 2017/2018.
Based on the analysis of the data, the writer concluded that errors were made by the students in using linking verbs based on the Surface Strategy Taxonomy. Moreover, the proportions (frequency and percentage) of students' errors in the grammatical sentence of the linking verb out of 53 error items are omission errors with 14 items or 26.41%, addition errors with 10 items or 18.87%, malformation errors with 17 items or 32.08%, and the last is order errors with 12 items or 22.64%. Therefore, the result of the study shows that deformity errors are the biggest mistake made by the students.
Suggestion
- Addition Errors
- Misinformation Errors
- Misordering Errors
The teacher should explain as clearly as possible about the use of linking verbs in the sentence, especially when writing a descriptive text, not only the meaning and formula, but also the usage. So the students will not misunderstand and make some mistakes while using any type of linking verb in the sentences. Then, at the end of the lesson, they may be able to further their understanding by writing a descriptive text on the use of lingking verbs in grammatical sentences.
An analysis of grammatical writing errors among other semester students in the English department at Yogyakarta State University in the academic year 2011/2012. Cahyaningrum D (2014), Error analysis on the use of be as auxiliary and linking verb in students' retelling text. Writing from A – Z: The Easy-to-Use Reference Handbook (4ht ed), McGraw-Hill Companies, New York, 2003.
Gusti Rahayu, Refnita Lely, Ernati (2016), An analysis of second year students' grammatical errors in writing simple sentences using linking verb. Meliyanti, Rini, 2013, An Analysis on The Students' Grammatical Errors in Descriptive Texts Writing at the Second Grade of MTs Negeri Satu Atap Balaraja, Skripsi, English Education Department, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teachers' Training, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta. Wahyuningsih, S.K (2013), “Analysis of Grammatical Errors in the Descriptive Writing of Semester 3 Students of English Education Department of STAIN Gajah Putih.
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