Echocardiograhy Definitions for PEFF
Continous Wave
Doppler (CW) The US transducer emits and receives the ultrasound beam continuously, enabling measurements of high velocity blood flow, but its ability to localize a flow signal precisely is limited since the signal can originate at any point along the length or width of the ultrasound beam
Pulse Wave
Doppler (PW) The US transducer uses a single crystal that emits an ultrasound signal and then to receive after a pre-set time delay in order to measure the desired blood velocity shifts in a specific area
Tissue Doppler
Imaging (TDI) Utilizes modifications of blood flow Doppler, but permits an assessment of myocardial motion with color coding, using frequency shifts to calculate the lower myocardial velocity changes
Sweep Speed Correlates to the speed at which the echocardiography information is relayed on the monitor display, similar to and ECG sweep speed
M-Mode The US transducer transmits and receives the signal along only one line in order to record detailed moving structures.
It produces a graph of depth and strength of reflection with time.
E Wave Represents the blood velocity across the mitral valve during passive early diastolic LV filling
A Wave Represents the blood velocity across the mitral valve during the active late diastolic LV filling due to LA contraction EA Ratio Ratio of the early (E) to late (A) ventricular filling velocities.
In a healthy heart, the E velocity is greater than the A velocity.
Deceleration time Represents the time from the E wave peak to the point where the deceleration slope hits the baseline
Table 3: Detailed descriptions of commonly used terms in echocardiography in patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Failure (PEFF).
