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Mental Health Improvement Through Prayer
1Dina Rahma Fadlilah, 2Munaya Fauziah, 3Raghib Filhaq, 4Rohimi Zamzam, 5Dihartawan
1Faculty of Educational Sciences, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta
2,3,5Faculty of Public Health, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta
3,5Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Mental health is an inner condition that is always in a calm, safe and peaceful state. According to WHO data (2016), there are about 35 million people affected by depression, 60 million people affected by bipolar, 21 million affected by schizophrenia, and 47.5 million affected by dementia. While the 2018 Baseline Health Survey (Riskesdas) data in Indonesia, 6.1% of the population aged 15 years experienced emotional disorders. This article is a type of literature review article or literature review by reviewing 5 journals published in 2013-2019 regarding mental health downloaded via http//:doaj.org. This article was written from April-July 2020. The teachings of Islam provide guidance to humans in facing trials and overcoming the difficulties of life, such as by being patient and praying, in the word of Allah SWT in the Qur'an which confirms as follows: "O you who believe, make patience and prayer as your helpers. verily Allah is with those who are patient." (Surat al-Baqarah verse 153). Islamic demands oblige humans to have good relations with Allah SWT, other people, as well as relationships with nature and the environment. So that it can help humans in treating their souls and preventing them from mental disorders and fostering mental health conditions.
Keywords: islam, prayer, mental health
Background
Islam is a monotheistic religion brought by the Prophet Muhammad SAW 1400 years ago, which has been written in the Qur'an. (Sabry & Vohra, 2013) According to statistics from the Pew Research Center's Forum on Religion and Public Life, there are 1.65 billion Muslims worldwide and this is expected to increase by about 35% over the next 20 years; making Islam the second largest religion in the world after Christianity. (the Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life, 2011) Islam guides its followers with behavioral, ethical, and social values, which help them to be patient and develop adaptive coping strategies in the face of stressful events. (Bulut et al., 2021) Islam teaches a harmonious life with other people, as it is written in the Qur'an Surah Al-Qasas verse 77:
َراهدلٱ ُ هللَّٱ َكٰىَتاَء ٓاَميِف ِغَتْبٱَو َداَسَفْلٱ ِغْبَت َلََو ۖ َكْيَلِإ ُ هللَّٱ َنَسْحَأ ٓاَمَك نِسْحَأَو ۖ اَيْنُّدلٱ َنِم َكَبي ِصَن َسنَت َلََو ۖ َةَر ِخأَـْلٱ
َنيِدِسْفُمْلٱ ُّب ِحُي َلَ َ هللَّٱ هنِإ ۖ ِض ْرَ ْلْٱ ىِف
Meaning: "And seek in what Allah has bestowed upon you the happiness of the hereafter, and do not forget your share of the pleasures of this world, and do good to others as Allah has do good to you, and do not mischief in the earth. Verily, Allah does not like those who do mischief”.
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Mental health is very important for humans as well as physical health in general. According to Dr.
Jalaluddin in his book "Religious Psychology" that: "Mental health is an inner condition that is always in a calm, safe and peaceful state, and efforts to find inner peace can be done, among others, through self- adjustment in resignation (complete surrender to God)". (Rakhmat, 2003) According to WHO what is meant by "Mental Health" in medical science it is stated as follows: "Mental health is a condition that allows optimal physical, intellectual and emotional development of a person and that development goes in harmony with the circumstances of others." (WHO, 2013)
According to WHO data (2016), there are about 35 million people affected by depression, 60 million people affected by bipolar, 21 million people affected by schizophrenia and 47.5 million affected by dementia. Meanwhile, Riskesdas 2018 data shows that the prevalence of mental emotional disorders as indicated by symptoms of depression and anxiety for ages 15 years and over reaches around 6.1% of the total population of Indonesia. (Riskesdas, 2018)
Various studies have shown that there is a relationship between a person's physical and mental health, in which individuals who are physically ill show psychological problems to mental disorders. (Ohrnberger et al., 2017) While the results of the literature review Mental health can be improved by effective public health interventions. Paradigm in the mental health movement that prioritizes aspects of prevention and the role of the community to help optimize individual mental functions. (Thornicroft et al., 2016) Therefore, the author wants to conduct an assessment of whether there is a relationship between mental health in prayer activities.
Methods
This article is a type of literature review article or a literature review review by reviewing 5-journals published in 2013-1019 regarding mental health downloaded via http//:doaj.org.
Result and Discussion
According to a journal entitled “Keseimbangan Badan dan Jiwa Perspektif Abu Zaid Al-Balkhi”, the body and soul can be healthy or sick. This is called balance and imbalance. Imbalance in the body can cause fever, headache, and body aches. Meanwhile, an imbalance in the soul can create anger, anxiety, sadness, and other psychiatric-related symptoms. (Musfichin, 2019) In a book entitled Fiqh dealing with disease outbreaks stated in a hadith, the Prophet emphasized that a Muslim will not always be in a state of loss in any situation. Because, his faith will make him a grateful servant, when he gets ease in his life. And will also make him a patient servant, when he gets difficulties in his life.
The concept of mental health in Zakiah Daradjat's perspective means genuine harmony between the functions of the soul, and having the ability to deal with common problems and feel positively about the happiness and abilities of oneself and the environment based on faith and piety to achieve a meaningful life
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in happiness. this world and in the hereafter. The principle of mental health is peace and tranquility of the soul so that it brings happiness in life and is reflected in commendable morals. (Syahid, 2016)
In a journal entitled Islamic mental health thinking in Islamic education. In Islam, especially in Indonesia, it is possible to rise up with strong and qualified Muslims if they have three factors that have been fulfilled, namely faith, knowledge, and good deeds or productive actions which are indicators of the mental health of mankind.
From the journal entitled Mental Health in an Islamic Perspective, it is concluded that mental disorders have a key point, namely the decline in mental function that affects inappropriate behavior. This mental disorder is in accordance with the Qur'an Surah Al-Baqarah (2) verse 10:
َنوُبِذْكَي ۟اوُناَك اَمِب ٌٌۢميِلَأ ٌباَذَع ْمُهَل َو ۖ ا ٌۭ ضَرَم ُ هللَّٱ ُمُهَداَزَف ٌٌۭضَرهم مِهِبوُلُق ىِف
Meaning: “There is sickness in their hearts, and Allah ˹only˺ lets their sickness increase. They will suffer a painful punishment for their lies.”
The disease referred to here is that their belief in the truth of the Prophet Muhammad is very weak.
The weakness of that belief causes envy, jealousy and revenge against the prophet SAW, religion and Muslims. (Ariadi, 2019) From some of the results of the research above, it can be seen in Islam about the teachings of prayer that it is clear that it is said in Religion as mental health therapy in Islam that has been clearly shown in the verses of the Qur'an, of which those that discuss tranquility and happiness are QS An Nahl (16) verse 97:
ٌٌۭنِمْؤُم َوُه َو ٰىَثنُأ ْوَأ ٍرَكَذ نِ م ا ٌۭ حِلٰـَص َلِمَع ْنَم ۟اوُناَك اَم ِنَسْحَأِب مُهَرْجَأ ْمُههنَي ِزْجَنَل َو ۖ ٌۭ ةَبِ يَط ٌۭ ة ٰوَيَح ۥُههنَيِيْحُنَلَف
َنوُلَمْعَي
Meaning: "Whoever does good, whether male or female, and is a believer, We will surely bless them with a good life, and We will certainly reward them according to the best of their deeds.”
It is emphasized in this verse that men and women in Islam get the same reward and that good deeds must be accompanied by faith. While in Surah Ar Ra'ad (13) verse 28:
ُبوُلُقْلٱ ُّنِئَمْطَت ِ هللَّٱ ِرْكِذِب َلََأ ۗ ِ هللَّٱ ِرْكِذِب مُهُبوُلُق ُّنِئَمْطَت َو ۟اوُنَماَء َنيِذهلٱ
Meaning: “(namely) those who believe and their hearts find peace in the remembrance of Allah.
Remember, it is only by remembering Allah that the heart becomes peaceful.”
When humans forget the Creator and lose their God view, life becomes empty. To distance oneself from the Creator, means to empty oneself of the values of faith. It is indeed the biggest "loss" for humans as spiritual beings. Surah Al-Baqarah (2) verse 16:
ْمُهُتَرٰـَجِ ت تَحِبَر اَمَف ٰىَدُهْلٱِب َةَلٰـَلهضلٱ ۟اُوَرَتْشٱ َنيِذهلٱ َكِئٰٓـَل ۟وُأ
َنيِدَتْهُم ۟اوُناَك اَم َو
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Meaning: "They are the ones who buy misguidance with guidance, so their commerce will not prosper and will not be guided."
Quran Surah Ar-Ra’d verse 28:
َلََأ ۗ ِ هللَّٱ ِرْكِذِب مُهُبوُلُق ُّنِئَمْطَت َو ۟اوُنَماَء َنيِذهلٱ ُبوُلُقْلٱ ُّنِئَمْطَت ِ هللَّٱ ِرْكِذِب
Meaning: "Remember, only by remembering Allah does the heart find peace.
The teachings of Islam provide guidance to humans in facing trials and overcoming the difficulties of life, such as by being patient and praying, in the word of Allah SWT in the Qur'an Surah Al-Baqarah verse 153 as follows:
َني ِرِبٰـهصلٱ َعَم َ هللَّٱ هنِإ ۚ ِة ٰوَلهصلٱ َو ِرْبهصلٱِب ۟اوُنيِعَتْسٱ ۟اوُنَماَء َنيِذهلٱ اَهُّيَأٰٓـَي
Meaning: "O you who believe, make patience and prayer as your helpers. verily Allah is with those who are patient."
In general, patience is often interpreted as determination in the face of trials and difficulties, as well as tenacity in the face of ideals. Islamic teachings teach, appreciation of the values of piety and the example given by the Prophet Muhammad SAW. Islamic teachings provide guidance to the mind to think correctly through the guidance of revelation (the holy book Al-Qur'an al Karim).
Conclusion
In Islam, Allah SWT has explained that the Qur'an and hadith are instructions for mankind and internal medicine that can cure diseases that exist in humans. Islamic demands oblige humans to have good relations with Allah SWT, other people, as well as relationships with nature and the environment. The role of Islam can help humans in treating their souls and preventing them from mental disorders and fostering mental health conditions. By living and practicing the teachings of Islam, humans can get happiness and prosperity in life in this world and the hereafter.
References
Ariadi, P. (2019). Kesehatan Mental dalam Perspektif Islam. Syifa’ MEDIKA: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan, 3(2), 118. https://doi.org/10.32502/sm.v3i2.1433
Bulut, S., Hajiyousouf, I. I., & Nazir, T. (2021). Depression from a Different Perspective. Open Journal of Depression, 10, 168–180. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojd.2021.104011
Musfichin. (2019). Keseimbangan Badan dan Jiwa Perspektif Abu Zaid Al-Balkhi. Jurnal Studia Insania, 7(1), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.18592/jsi.v1i1.2632
Ohrnberger, J., Fichera, E., & Sutton, M. (2017). Social Science & Medicine The relationship between physical and mental health : A mediation analysis. Social Science & Medicine, 195(February), 42–49.
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Rakhmat, J. (2003). Psikologi Agama. Mizan Digital Publishing.
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Sabry, W. M., & Vohra, A. (2013). Role of Islam in the management of Psychiatric disorders. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 55(Suppl 2), S205–S214. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.105534
Syahid, A. (2016). Being More Psychologically Healthy : The Concept of Mental Health According to Zakiah Daradjat and its Application in Islamic Educational Institutions. Ta’dib: Journal of Islamic Education, 21(1), 13–30.
the Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. (2011). The Future of the Global Muslim Population: Projection for 2010-2030. https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim- population/
Thornicroft, G., Deb, T., & Henderson, C. (2016). Community mental health care worldwide : current status and further developments. World Psychiatry, 5(3), 276–286.
WHO. (2013). Mental Health Action Plan. WHO Press.
https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/89966/9789241506021_eng.pdf
