One of the dominant elements in the Neotropical howler fauna is the hydropsychid genus Smicridea. Smicridea is the only genus in the subfamily Hydropsychinae currently known to occur in South America. Unless otherwise stated, all material is in the collections of the Natural History Museum of Slovenia under catalog number United 1.
Based on the sum of the characters in the larval, pupal and adult stages, Smicridea can only be placed in the subfamily Hydropsychinae. My preliminary ideas about the relationships of the higher categories in the Hydropsychidae are summarized in Figure 2. COMMENT.—The name Antarctopsyche is a junior, subjective synonym of Smicridea sensu stricto, while Pellopsyche and Badallus are junior, subjective synonyms of the subgenus Rhyacophilax.
On the forewings, the two posterior cross-veins (between M and Cu and Cux and Cu2) are separated from the cross-veins connecting R and M by a distance of two or more times the distance. The fasciatella group is characterized by the shape of the aedeagus in the male sex, which is a simple tube bearing inside eversible sclerites at the apex. This type species of the genus is common in the southwestern United States and northeastern Mexico.
The coloring is generally sufficient for the recognition of the adults of this species.
Smicridea (S.) bivittata (Hagen)
It is unique within the regional species of the genus in having single-coloured, ruffled wings. The shapes of the tenth tergite and apical segment of the clasper also present distinctive features. The very short and inflated basal segment of the claspers, and the broad (in dorsal aspect) tenth tergite are distinctive like the bispinous apex of the aedeagus.
Button with basal segment long and slender, slightly inflated apically; apical segment produced into a pointed tip in dorsal aspect. Tenth tergite narrow and upturned in lateral aspect, apex produced to a dorsally directed point; in dorsal aspect broad basally, evenly rounded apically. They differ in the shape of the two lateral processes of the lateral plate and in the shape of the inner spine of the aedeagus.
The sclerites of the vagina, especially the large, convoluted folds covering the lateral supports, are very distinctive. Closure with basal segment long, slightly expanded apicad; apical segment with point produced in a point in dorsal aspect.
Smicridea (S.) cholta, new species
The fairly smooth lateral supports of the vagina with apical caps make it easy to identify the female sex. BIOLOGY.—Adults were collected under ultraviolet light by a small stream where it falls over several small waterfalls. It is easily recognized by the rather simple ventrolateral processes of the aedeagus, which bear numerous small teeth.
BIOLOGY. The adults were attracted to an ultraviolet light placed next to a clear, gravel-covered, spring-fed stream 1 to 2 meters wide. The large, highly sclerotized folds that completely close the back of the vagina are extremely distinctive. The paired, supine, dorsal processes of the aedeagus, simple divergent ventral processes with small basolateral ones.
The long, dorsomesal, tubular process of the aedeagus with its apicolateral ear lobes is extremely distinctive. This species is distantly related to the preceding species, but shows major differences in the structure of the aedeagus. BIOLOGY.-The types were either swept at a small, tumbling mountain stream, or taken in a light trap operated nearby.
The very broad, truncated mesal lobe and unusual mesal structure of the aedeagus are diagnostic. This group is recognized by the lack of the apicoventral lobe on the aedeagus and the possession of a pair of apicodorsal lobes. The female genitalia are less distinctive than those of the male, although they are generally sufficient for identification.
The dorsal bridge of the ninth segment is proportionally much longer in lateral aspect than that of the closely related S. EL SALVADOR: LA LIBERTAD: Quezaltepeque, February 11, 1965, S. BIOLOGY. The immature stages have been collected in a number of cases. often on rocks in shallow reefs in full sun. The female differs in the shape of the ninth tergum, the dorsal bridge being proportionately much shorter than in S.
Smicridea (R.) inarmata, new species
The internal plate of the female has wider lateral arms and anterior bridge than the plate of S. Tenth tergite in lateral aspect with apex broadly upturned, ventral margin with small lobe in middle; in dorsal aspect with slightly produced apex. BIOLOGY.-The adults were attracted by an ultraviolet light in the company of adults of S.
It is clearly a member of the signata group based on the genitalia and is closest to S. In the male, it differs by the presence of a small spur ventrolaterally and the narrower, more elongate apices of the tenth tergite, plus small differences in the tip of the aedeagus. Tenth tergite in lateral view with tip upturned and pointed, ventral margin with sharp spur in middle; in the back with the apex forming into a long, rounded lobe.
Aedeagus tubular, with basal and apical sections meeting at an angle of about 110°; apex with a narrow, ventral tongue-like process, in dorsal aspect with apicolateral dark markings, internally with a long, thin, perpetual structure. However, the male genitalia are very distinctive and like no other known species of the genus. The short, broad apex of the tenth tergite with protruding ventral margin is characteristic, and the structure of the apex of the aedeagus is not only characteristic but unique.
The female is quite distinctive, although the internal genitalia suggest the signata group. The dorsal part of the ninth segment is comparatively very short, broad in dorsal view with lateral shoulder lobes, and the shape of the inner plate is quite distinct. BIOLOGY - Adults of this species are usually attracted to lights, usually in the company of S lights.
As is the case in streams occupied by most species of the subgenus, fairly shallow, sunny riffle areas are common, although the stream may be wide and deep in intervening pools. In addition, there are clear differences between the two species in the sclerites of the sheath and the inner plate. Tenth tergite in lateral aspect with lateral margin strongly sclerotized, apex narrow, upturned; in dorsal aspect with apex narrowly produced and rounded.
Color pale yellowish brown; forewing pale yellowish with darker markings in the cross veins and in the subterminal band; female with darker brown wings (Figures 34, 35). Male genitalia: ninth segment with anterolateral margin only moderately formed; posterior margin forming ventrally in the middle into a pointed, triangular lobe. Clasp with long basal segment, slightly inflated apex; apical segment with rounded tip dorsally.
Aedeagus tubular, with basal and apical parts meeting at about 90°, apical part slightly arched; subapical with spicules laterally and midventrally; internally with long, eversible structure with dorsal spiculate sac and ventral sigmoid sclerite.
Clarke, 1 <j 1 9
Smicridea (R.) dispar (Banks), resurrected species
The recognition of the three species is almost entirely in the structure of the aedeagus, although there are slight differences in the shape of the ten tergites. In the female, the inner plate is V-shaped with narrow lateral arms gradually widening towards the anterior junction, but without the anterior projections of the S. In the female, the anterior vaginal cross has a simple dark ring in the middle and is slightly offset laterally. made laterad.
Tenth tergite in lateral aspect with apex elongate and slightly upturned; in dorsal aspect with the apex produced as a narrowly elongated, rounded lobe. Lock with basal segment long, slightly inflated apicad; apical segment with pointed apex in dorsal aspect. Many of the streams are quite shaded by fringe forests, while others are open to full sun.
This, the third species of the dispar group, is not as closely related as the other two. In the female, the anterior rod of the vagina has long, posteriorly directed lateral processes, and the central pore is a more complex structure than in the other two species. Smicridea radula, new species: 199, vagina, ventral; 200, ninth tergum, lateral; 201, internal plate, posterodorsal; 202, inner plate, lateral.
Manuscripts for serial publications are accepted by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to substantive review, only by departments of the various Smithsonian museums. If submission is invited, the following format requirements of the Press will govern the preparation of copy. Also number the taxa and their corresponding headings throughout the text for easy reference; do not include page references in the key.
For synonyms, use the short form (taxon, author, date:page) with a full citation at the end of the article under 'Literature Cited'. Start each taxon at the left margin with subsequent lines indented approximately three spaces. Simple tables in the text (for example, columns of data) may or may not contain headings, but cannot contain lines. In the bibliography (usually called 'Literature Cited') you write the titles of books, magazines and articles, using initial capital letters for all words, except small terms such as 'and, van, de'. To capitalize foreign language titles, follow the national practice of each language.
