Therefore, a research titled "The Effectiveness of Scientific Approach in DevelopingWriting Skill at The Twelfth Grade Of MA Darul Huda Ponorogo In Academic Year 2015/2016 will be conducted. In limitation of the study, it focuses on the procedure of scientific approach and students' writing skill.
Scientific Approach
How students create a well organized and fully coherent will be assessed in the organization. Students should really understand and be able to apply knowledge, solve a problem, find everything for themselves and pursue its ideas.23 Here is student-centered learning. Third, encouraging and inspiring students to think critically, analytically and accurately, and to recognize, understand, solve problems and use learning materials.
Fourth, have students think hypothetically about the differences, similarities and other connections from the material. Fifth, persuade and motivate the students to understand, implement and develop a pattern of rational and objective thinking in response to the learning material. 26OktaviaErwinarti, The scientific approach to teaching writing using guided writing, based on the 2013 Curriculum, jurnal.
From these definitions, the researcher concludes that the scientific approach of organizing a class by deciding the students in several small groups to get information from material provided by the teacher.
Previous Research Findings
In this study, the average level of student engagement was also measured and, as can be expected, it was much higher (85%) in the experimental section than in the control section (45%). 29. The last previous study, by YeniKartikawati, the title of the research is “The application of scientific approach in teaching English in the eighth grade of SMA Muhamadiyah 10 Surakarta in the academic year 2014/2015”. This research applies descriptive research especially naturalistic study as a type of this research. The application of the scientific approach can be seen in the implementation of some elements of English teaching.
This situation occurs for several reasons such as the teacher has only a little knowledge of the application of the scientific process in the teaching learning process. 30. 29 Carl Wiemen, Taking a Scientific Approach to Science Education, Library of Congress Carnegie Foundation Centennial Celebration (September 2007). 30YeniKartikawati, Implementation of the scientific approach in teaching English in the eighth grade of SMAMuhamadiyah 10 Surakarta in the academic year 2014/2015 (Surakarta: . Muhamadiyah University Press, 2015), 8.
Thus, it compared the writing results of students who were taught using a scientific approach and students who were not taught using a scientific approach.
Theoretical Framework
Hypothesis
There is significant difference between students' writing performance taught according to scientific approach and students'. There is no significant difference between the students' writing performance taught according to scientific approach and students'.
Research Design
Quasi-experimental design is used because it is actually a bit difficult to create a control group in research.34 There are three types of quasi-experimental, including a quasi-experimental design: non-equivalent (pre- and post-test) control group design, single group interrupted time series design and control group interrupted time series design.35 The researcher used non-equivalent (pre- and post-test) control group design for this research. This design included a pre-test measures, followed by a treatment (for experiment class) and a post-test for two groups (control and experiment). Experiment : the class taught using scientific approach Control : the class taught without scientific approach.
In the experimental class, the pre-test was applied to know the students' achievements in writing before the implementation of the scientific approach, and the post-test was applied to know the students' achievements after the implementation of the scientific approach. On the other hand, in the control class, the pre-test and post-test are used to measure the students' achievement in writing, which were not taught with a scientific approach. The researcher tried to express the phenomenon with data collected from natural research to understand the phenomenon and draw conclusions after observing the fact.
The result of collecting data treated as data from this research to prove the formulated hypothesis.
Population and Sample 3. Population
The result of collecting data treated as the data of this study to prove the formulated hypothesis: people or animals living in an area, 2) the total number of people living somewhere, 3) the extent to which an area is populated is.38A Population is defined as all members of a well-defined class of people, events, or objects. The population chosen by the researcher consists of the students of the twelfth grade of MA Darul Huda Ponorogo in the academic year 2015/2016. The examination of the sample can be carried out if the condition of the subject is homogeneous.
Random sampling technique can be done in these ways such as simple random, stratified, systematic, cluster.40 In this research, researcher used simple sampling as a technique. In this study, the researcher took two classes in the twelfth grade of IAGA that were used as a sample. One class for experiment and another for control class, which has a criterion that the students have the same abilities.
Those classes are IAGA G and IAGA F and each class consists of 28 and 32 students. The respondents of this survey are 60 students.
Instrument of Data Collection
In this research, test is used to measure scientific approach to development of writing skills in twelfth grade of MA Darul Huda Ponorogo in academic year 2015/2016. The test is constructed by the researcher based on the standardized procedure for making tests. To test the validity of the instrument in this research, the researcher used a type of construct validity for the variable in this research relates to phenomena and abstract objects, but the symptoms can be observed and measured.44 Regarding how to calculate it by using SPSS 19 program .
To measure the validity of the survey instruments, the researcher set a total sample of 30 respondents in the twelfth grade of IAGA I by scoring writing rubric content, organization, vocabulary, and grammar. Reliability is the degree of consistency of a testing instrument.45 A data collection test is considered reliable if it produces consistent results when administered sequentially. The reliability of the results of the calculations was the value of the variable reliability of the instruments of the students of the twelfth IAGA I 0.923.
And the test is reliable because the index of the reliability test is 0.923, it is higher than the r-index that showed 0.361.
Technique of Data Analysis
General Findings
The history of MA Darul Huda
Profil of MA Darul Huda a. Meaning of Symbol
MA Darul Huda is located in Darul Huda Cottage Foundation, which is a location in areas that are easily accessible by public transport and private vehicles. Darul Huda Islamic Higher Secondary School is located 2 (two) miles east of Ponorogo town center and still includes Ponorogo district, exactly at the location of Ir. In an educational institution, it is necessary to facilitate the structuring of the school organization for the division of tasks in the organization.
It is necessary for the authority of the individual units to work together and help achieve the established objectives. The number of teachers and staff in MA Darul Huda Ponorogo in 2015/2016 academic year is approximately 131 people. Among them are faculty members who graduated from the Cottage, University/College and graduated from Darul Huda Islamic Senior High School.
Number of male and female students of MA Darul Huda by division according to the attached class.
Specific Findings
Based on such a categorization, it can be seen that the students' writing, which is not taught with a scientific approach, showed that 21% in the good category, 58% in a medium category and 21% in a low category. Based on such a categorization, it can be seen that the students' writing skills showed that 19% in the good category, 70% in a medium category and 11% in a low category. The next table showed the writing skills of students who did not use scientific approach (control group).
The students' writing ability score was also assessed using the analytic scale for the assessment composition task by Brown and Bailey. The result of the students' test for the scientific approach can be clearly seen in the table below. From this categorization it can be seen that the pre-test of the students for the control group showed that 12% in the good category, 63% in the middle category and 25% in the low category.
From such a categorization, it can be seen that the students' writing, which is not taught according to the scientific approach, showed that 34% in the good category, 53% in an average category and 13% in a low category.
Analysis Data 1. Normality Test
Homogeneity Test
Based on calculations using the SPSS 19 program, the result of the test explained in table 4.14, it can be concluded that the data are homogeneous. In the column we can see that the significant value for the scientific approach is 0.096.
Testing Hypothesis
In the column, we can see that the significant value for the scientific approach is 0.000. At 5%, the significant value is greater than the table, the table was 2.00 and the t value was 5.57. So, the researcher concludes that the scientific approach is effective in the development of writing skills, because there is a significant difference in writing achievements with and without a scientific approach.
Discussion
Based on this statement, the researcher interprets that there was a significant difference between students taught with a scientific approach and students who do not have a scientific approach, this means that students taught with a scientific approach achieve a better result in writing. So, the alternative hypothesis (Hα) was accepted, which states that students taught with a scientific approach will achieve a better result in writing. From the above data, the researcher concludes that there is a significant difference in writing score between students taught with scientific approach and students taught without scientific approach.
In other words, the scientific approach was effective in increasing the writing skill of students in the twelfth grade of MA Darul Huda Ponorogo in the academic year 2015/2016. According to the findings and discussion in the previous chapter, it was found that the comparative value (to) between the writing achievements of the students who are taught using the scientific approach is 5.573. So, Ha is accepted. So the researcher concludes that there is a significant difference in the writing score between the students who are taught using the scientific approach and the students who are not taught using the scientific approach.
In other words, the scientific approach was effective in increasing the writing skills of students in the twelfth grade of MA Darul Huda Ponorogo in the academic year 2015/2016.
Recommendation
Parents should give more support to their children to study hard in the English lesson, especially in writing. Cahyono, BambangYudi. The teaching of English language proficiency and English language components. University of Malang Press. The Scientific Approach in Teaching Writing Using Guided Writing Based on 2013 Curriculum, Tanjungpura University: Pontianak.