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The research process was conducted using the Discovery Learning Method to develop students' reading skills. However, after using the Discovery Learning Method, students' reading comprehension scores increased significantly in the posttest.

Bibliography

Grammar translation method and discovery Learning to learn tenses: What is better for Indonesian students. The Effect of Using Discovery Learning Model on Higher Thinking Skills Students of Srijaya Negara High School Palembang on Animal Kingdom Subject.

RESEARCHING THE NEEDS OF LEARNING IN WRITING COURSE USING

ASSURE MODEL : INITIAL STEP IN DEVELOPING TPACK MODEL BASED

INSTRUCTION

Background Information

It helps teacher to decide which method can be suitable to be applied, how to manage unique characteristics that each learner has, how to develop learning materials as well as how to practice better pedagogy for them. 2012) supported the importance of analyzing students before choosing the best things to teach them. About students' experience in learning English, there are 9 out of 31 students who experienced the English course and the rest of them never experienced it before enrolling in the university.

General Characteristics

In the next section of the learning needs questionnaire, students were asked to describe the types of media/technology they had used in previous writing lessons. It can be summarized here that in relation to the media or technology used by the students in the previous grade, paper and whiteboard were still dominant as a classroom practice as a media practice with technology.

Specific Competencies

  • General characteristics
  • Specific competencies

As seen in the above chart, the most obvious finding that can emerge from this point is students' preferred learning style using physical; learning by doing, using the body to assist learning, e.g. Interesting facts from this finding revealed that students' preference in learning is very much towards learning by reading and taking notes (58%).

HOW WILL AI SHAPE THE FUTURE OF EDUCATION?

  • Intelligent Tutoring Systems
  • Virtual Facilitators and Learning Environments
  • The Automation of Administrative Tasks
  • The Automation of Administrative Tasks

AI stands for artificial intelligence: a branch of computer science that deals with the simulation of intelligent behavior in computers. The transformative power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) spans all economic and social sectors, including education.

DESIGNING CYBER LITERATURE-BASED INSTRUCTION IN TEACHING ENGLISH

LITERATURE AT UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Online Learning

Online learning, e-learning, online learning and distributed learning are terms that we often hear and mix up. Davidson-Shivers and Rasmussen further explained that the term e-learning is often found in the readings associated with education in the business and industrial world, namely as an alternative to training. This shows that education and training are being influenced by the digital technology industry and the internet.

This impact can be considered positive because it encourages various parties, educators, managers of educational organizations and students themselves to adapt to innovation and the global era. The following discussion relates to the term learning through internet technology from various sources. According to Dabbagh dan Bannan-Ritland, online learning is an open and distributed learning environment that uses a pedagogical approach, enabled by Internet and web-based technologies, to facilitate learning and knowledge building through meaningful action and interaction.

Learning Management System (LMS)

Moreover, as defined by OVAREP, "the LMS e-learning platform is a computing device that groups several tools and secures the educational lines. It offers many services that allow content management, in particular by creating, importing and exporting learning objects. The set of available tools in The LMS represents all these services that help manage the learning process and the interaction between users, such as the access control services, synchronous and asynchronous communication tools, and user management services.

The figure above illustrates the general principle of operation of an LMS e-learning platform by presenting the key functions related to the main actors: learners, teachers, tutors, coordinators and administrators. A teacher responsible for one or more modules can create and manage the educational content that he wants to broadcast through the platform. Finally, the administrator is responsible for the customization of the platform, which has the resulting administration rights (system installation, maintenance, access management).

Figure 2.3 The general architecture of an LMS
Figure 2.3 The general architecture of an LMS

Cyber-literature

  • The nature of cyber-literature
  • Component and feature of cyber-literature instruction Sherry and Wilson (1997) stated that a cyber-literature
  • Advantages of cyber-literature instruction
  • Cyber-literature in Language Teaching
  • Model of Development
  • Subject of research
  • Instrument of research
  • Students’ Need Analysis
  • The analysis of the existing materials of General English Course for the BSI Program of UIN Alauddin, Makassar
  • Cyber Literature-based English Instructional material in promoting independent learning

Key features are an integral part of e-literature design, such as interactive and multimedia systems. In measuring the needs of the students, the researcher tries to find out the current condition of the students. As shown in the analysis of the existing curriculum and the content of the materials, they are not designed based on the needs and expectations of the students.

In measuring the needs of the students, the researcher tries to find out the different current state of the students' abilities in learning English and also their expectations. The flexibility of the learning environment allows students to access the material anytime and anywhere. Most of the pedagogical activities dominated by lecturers and students are not allocated to activities that train their metacognitive skills.

21st CENTURY SKILLS

Learning skills

Critical Thinking: When learning critical thinking skills, you should also integrate decision-making activities. Communication: Help your students convey messages using different modes and different channels.

Literacy skills

Life skills

We must consider the resources used in educating 21st century students as well. Our mission is to understand the impact and potential of 21st century skills for every student today. Teachers and schools should prioritize 21st century skills as major objectives in teaching.

So we need to integrate new techniques bit by bit to acquire the 21st century skills. Integrating the 6Cs of 21st century education into the English lesson and the school literacy movement in secondary schools. The 6Cs Squared Version of Education in the 21st Century (www. bamradionetwork.com) retrieved on July 26, 2018.

PRINTED BOOKS VERSUS E-BOOKS IN LEARNING

Printed Books and E-books

Even so, the majority of the participants interviewed in the second phase of the study claimed that reading an e-book was something new for them. Well-functioning habits and personal interest in the product are the reasons why e-books are sold. The main barriers to the sale of e-books are: the price, which can be seen not only in the bookseller's response, but also in the decrease in sales, which is obviously related to the price increase in 2014, the lack of interest from consumers, who do not ask about e -books in bookstores.

The paper focuses on the problems related to the preservation and archiving of published author's works in the digital world for the purpose of their long-term accessibility. Today, the use of information technologies in the creation, distribution and access to information resources is a necessity. Some participants may have found usability issues, such as no copy and paste options, etc.; however, most of them expected to use e-books in the future if the features and characteristics of e-books are the same as this book (Oyaid and Alshaya: 2019).

Blended Learning

The instructor may no longer be an omniscient and omnipresent figure, but even his ideal presence has changed for the better. But blended learning still requires a very thorough assimilation of different approaches, because freedom still brings more responsibility (Nuruzzaman: 2016). In EFL settings, blended learning can be used as an effective way to teach English grammar.

It is hoped that these findings will help to improve the skills required for blended learning for the university, faculty and students (Bader et. The method of spiritual guidance becomes more versatile, productive and effective with blended learning to improve students ( Vasantan) : 2016. Blended learning is in its early stages, especially in developing countries, and not without its challenges.

NEW TRENDS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND LEARNING

  • Early start of the teaching of English
  • Changes in goals of English teaching and learning
  • Change in the Approach to Teaching Culture
  • Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)
  • Change in Teaching content and Test design
  • Syllabus design/materials development/global and local publishing
  • Criticism of published materials
  • Global Englishes
  • Expanding the dimension of communicative competence A large focus of recent research and publications has been expansion
  • English as a lingua franca (ELF)
  • Strategic Teaching and Learning
  • Corpora
  • Play-way-Method
  • Networking and support groups
  • Digital teachers/teaching
  • Learning and teaching management platforms
  • Embodied learning
  • Gamification
  • Changing roles and increasing responsibilities of teachers It is increasingly being recognized that the quality or effectiveness
  • Teachers as lifelong learners
  • Portfolio development for teachers
  • Reflective practice and teacher learning
  • Changing views of an effective English educator
  • Students as Independent learners
  • Frustration

Content: enabling progress in the knowledge, skills and understanding of the specific issues of a particular curriculum. Lindhal (2017) stated that the vast majority of communication in English that takes place around the world only involves an L1 speaker of English about 25% of the time. The interest of the student is the main concern of the modern way of education.

Plays, dialogues, recitation competitions, debates and vocabulary test competition stimulate students' interest in language learning. They must use their language skills to negotiate, cooperate and build friendships in order to escape a forgotten planet at the edge of the universe. Students are trained in using learning strategies to improve their learning effectiveness.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL LITERACY IN EFL CLASSROOM

ACTIVITIES

P. Harianah Zaidah

  • Digital literacy sources: Computers and smartphones Using computers in language teaching is supported by Simpson
  • Teachers’ attitudes towards digital literacy
  • Benefits of Digital Literacy

In the implementation of digital literacy-based instruction, researchers have designed several stages of implementation in order to optimally achieve the ultimate goal of teaching English. First, teachers should understand digital literacy and the importance of digital literacy to be taught. Second, teachers' understanding of digital literacy can inform the way they present digital literacy in the classroom.

Reach out to teachers early in the process to find out what they need to teach digital literacy. In addition, the use of digital skills is believed to be able to provide creative, innovative and modern learning innovations. Digital Literacy Perceptions of the Studs in Department of Computer Technology Teaching and Turkish Language Teaching.

ONLINE COLLABORATIVE WRITING TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’

ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING

As Bakeer (2018) suggested, ICT and social media have positive effects on the development of students' writing skills. Effect of information and communication technology and social media in developing students' writing skill: a case of Al-Quds Open University. The effectiveness of using WhatsApp Messenger as one of mobile learning techniques to develop students' writing skills.

The effect of collaborative writing technique in teaching argumentative essay writing, viewed from the students' creativity. Using Facebook to improve students' skills and increase their motivation in writing recount texts. The effectiveness of collaborative writing strategy (CWS) in writing classes regarding students' creativity.

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

She is a permanent lecturer at Universitas Bosowa, Indonesia of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. She is an educationalist at the English Language Education Department of Teacher Education of the Faculty of Education, University of Bosowa, South Sulawesi Indonesia. She is a member of ABSPBI (Asosiasi Program Studi Pendidikan bahasa Inggris-English Language Education Study Program Association.

She is an education expert at the faculty of education of Al Asyariah Mandar University, West Sulawesi Indonesia. She is also the Chairperson of the English Teachers Association (MGMP) Madresah Aliyah Level in Bone Regency. She received a Bachelor's Degree from STKIP Muhammadiyah Bone and a Master's Degree in English Education Program from Universitas Negeri Makassar.

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