Pembelajaran
Pembelajaran Jarak Jarak Jauh: Jauh : Masalah
Masalah dan dan Keuntungan Keuntungan
Romi Satria Wahono Romi Satria Wahono
http://
http://romisatriawahono.netromisatriawahono.net [email protected] [email protected]
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z LahirLahirdidiMadiun, 2 Madiun, 2 OktoberOktober19741974
zz SMU SMU TarunaTarunaNusantaraNusantaraMagelangMagelang(1993)(1993)
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z Department of Computer Science,Department of Computer Science, Saitama University, Japan
Saitama University, Japan(1994-(1994-2004)2004)
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z Core Competence: Core Competence: Software Engineering, Software Engineering, Knowledge Management
Knowledge ManagementdandaneLearningeLearningSystemSystem
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z Peneliti di Pusat Dokumentasi dan Informasi Peneliti di Pusat Dokumentasi dan Informasi Ilmiah
IlmiahLIPILIPI
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z KoordinatorKoordinatorUmumUmumIlmuKomputer.ComIlmuKomputer.Com
Confusing Terms
e e- -Learning Learning
Distance Distance Learning Learning
Multimedia Multimedia Learning Learning
Computer Computer
Based Based Learning Learning Distance
Distance Education Education
Online Online Learning Learning
Learning Methods
Conventional Conventional Learning
Learning IT Based IT Based Learning Learning
Distance learning
Distance learning Distance learning
Multimedia Learning
Multimedia Learning e-Learning
e-Learning
Blended Learning
IT Based Learning Æ eLearning
IT Based IT Based Learning Learning
e-Learning Online Learning
eLearning
General
Classroom of The Future (COTF)
Classroom of The Future (COTF)
eLearning Delivery Methods
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zSynchronous: Instructor and
Synchronous : Instructor and
participants are involved in the course, participants are involved in the course, class or lesson
class or lesson at the same time
at the same timezzAsynchrounous: Instructor and
Asynchrounous : Instructor and participants are involved in the course, participants are involved in the course, class or lesson
class or lesson at different times
at different timesSynchronous eLearning
Asynchronous eLearning
eLearning System
zz ContentContent
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z MultimediaMultimedia
zz TextText
zz Learning Management SystemLearning Management System
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z Application SoftwareApplication Software
zz Class ManagementClass Management
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z InfrastructureInfrastructure
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z Multimedia PeripheralMultimedia Peripheral
zz ComputerComputer
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z Network (Internet)Network (Internet)
Student Student
Lecturer Lecturer
Admin Admin
eLearning
eLearning System - System - Cisco Cisco
eLearning
eLearning System - System - UT UT
Text Content Text Content
MIT OpenCourseWareMIT OpenCourseWare(http://ocw.mit.edu(http://ocw.mit.edu))
Learning Method % Learned
Teach Others 90%
Learn by Doing 75%
Discussion Groups 50%
Reconceptualizing Effective Learning -1-
How People Learn*
Reconceptualizing Effective Learning -2-
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z PenyerapanPenyerapansebesarsebesar1,5% melalui1,5% melaluisentuhansentuhan
zz PenyerapanPenyerapansebesarsebesar3,5% melalui3,5% melaluipenciumanpenciuman
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z PenyerapanPenyerapansebesarsebesar11% melalui11% melaluipendengaranpendengaran
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z PenyerapanPenyerapansebesarsebesar83% melalui83% melaluipenglihatanpenglihatan
Francis M. Dwyer Francis M. Dwyer
Reconceptualizing Effective Learning -3-
65%
85%
3. Memperdengarkan dan Mempertunjukkan
20%
72%
2. Mempertunjukkan
10%
70%
1. Memperdengarkan
Pengungkapan Pengungkapan Kembali Kembali Setelah 3 Setelah 3
HariHari Pengungkapan
Pengungkapan Kembali Setelah Kembali Setelah
3 Jam 3 Jam Metode Pengajaran
Metode Pengajaran
Multimedia Content
Multimedia Multimedia
Linier
Linier Multimedia Multimedia Interaktif Interaktif
Berjalan
Berjalansekuensekuendandan garis
garisluruslurus BerjalanBerjalandengandengan bantuan
bantuankomputer, komputer, mouse, mouse, dsbdsb Perpaduan
Perpaduanantaraantarateks, teks, grafikgrafik, sound, , sound, animasianimasi, , dandan video
video untukuntukmenyampaikanmenyampaikanpesanpesankepadakepadapublikpublik
Multimedia Content
Benefit Benefit - -1 1- -
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Mengurangi Mengurangi biaya biaya perjalanan perjalanan
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Menghemat Menghemat biaya biaya pendidikan pendidikan secara secara keseluruhan
keseluruhan (infrastruktur ( infrastruktur, , peralatan peralatan, , buku buku- - buku) buku )
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z BuckmanBuckmanLab: $2.4juta ÆLab: $2.4juta Æ$400 $400 riburibu
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z Aetna: menghematAetna: menghemat$3 juta$3 juta
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z HP: $7 jutaHP: $7 jutaÆÆ1.5 1.5 jutajuta
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z Federal InternasionalFederal InternasionalFinance: Finance: menghematmenghemat$1 $1 jutajuta z
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Menghemat Menghemat waktu waktu dan dan fleksibel fleksibel dalam dalam proses
proses belajar belajar mengajar mengajar
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z DapatDapatdilakukandilakukandimanadimanasajasajadandankapankapansajasaja
Benefit Benefit - -2 2- -
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Menjangkau Menjangkau wilayah wilayah geografis geografis yang lebih yang lebih luas
luas
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Melatih Melatih pembelajar pembelajar lebih lebih mandiri mandiri dalam dalam mendapatkan
mendapatkan ilmu ilmu pengetahuan pengetahuan
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Percepatan Percepatan program program pelatihan pelatihan dan dan sertifikasi sertifikasi
ÆÆ
peningkatkan peningkatkan daya daya saing saing SDM SDM
Benefit Benefit - -3 3- -
NoneNone Hotel, travel, allowance
Hotel, travel, allowance Accommodation
Accommodation
In working hours In working hours Used for training
Used for training Man hours
Man hours
Low cost Low cost High cost
High cost Simulation
Simulation
Multimedia Multimedia Paper based
Paper based Method
Method
Easy to update Easy to update Fixed
Fixed Material
Material
Flexible Flexible Scheduled based
Scheduled based Instructor
Instructor
Unlimited Unlimited Limited
Limited Participant
Participant
Anywhere Anywhere Centralized
Centralized Place
Place
24 hours 24 hours Limited
Limited Availability
Availability
eLearning eLearning Conventional
Conventional
Problems
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z InfrastructureInfrastructure
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z Network and Internet ConnectionNetwork and Internet Connection
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z ContentContent
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z Combining Tacit and Explicit KnowledgeCombining Tacit and Explicit Knowledge
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z Delivered as well as Conventional LearningDelivered as well as Conventional Learning
zz Quality AssuranceQuality Assurance
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z ProcedureProcedure
z z LegalityLegality
zz Human FactorHuman Factor
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z Behavior and Culture ChangeBehavior and Culture Change
Content Shift-Paradigm -1- Content Shift-Paradigm -2-
Data
Data Kegagalan Kegagalan eLearning eLearning
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z StudiStudiForrester Group tahunForrester Group tahun2000 2000 kepadakepada40 40 perusahaan
perusahaanbesar:besar:
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z LebihLebihdaridari68% menolak68% menolakuntukuntukmengikutimengikutipelatihan/kursuspelatihan/kursus yang
yang menggunakanmenggunakankonsepkonsepe-e-LearningLearning z
z KetikaKetikaee--Learning Learning ituitudiwajibkandiwajibkankepadakepadamereka:mereka:
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z 30% 30% menolakmenolakuntukuntukmengikutimengikuti[Dublin, 2003][Dublin, 2003]
