Pengantar Teknologi Mobile 10
Antonius Rachmat C, S.Kom
.NET Compact Framework
Standard Library
Application Platforms Today
GUI Services
Transaction Services
Web Scripting
Data Access
More
Operating System Runtime Environment Browser
Apps
Web Services Apps
Other Apps Local
Apps
What is Microsoft .Net?
• Visi:
– The platform for the digital future
– ‘.NET is Microsoft’s platform for a new computing model built around XML Web Services’
Microsoft Corporation Annual Report, 2001
• Suatu brand name
– Applied to many things
• Diperkenalkan oleh Microsoft pada (Juni 2000)
– Sekarang sudah sampai .net framework 3.5
.NET FRAMEWORK
• Bersifat independen dalam hal bahasa
– Aplikasi dapat dikembangkan di beberapa bahasa yang didukung oleh .NET: Visual Basic .NET, Visual C++ .NET, C# dan J#
– Programmer dapat memilih salah satu bahasa yang paling dikuasainya.
• Mampu dijalankan di semua platform
Open Internet Protocols Open Internet Protocols XML, XSLT, XSD, SOAP, XML, XSLT, XSD, SOAP, DISCO, UDDI, XHTML, DISCO, UDDI, XHTML,
HTTP, SSL, WAP HTTP, SSL, WAP
Visual Visual Studio.
Studio.
NETNET Visual Visual Studio.
Studio.
NETNET
Simple Simple Browsers Browsers
Simple Simple Browsers Browsers Applications Applications Using Your Using Your
Service Service Applications Applications Using Your Using Your
Service Service
Your Internal Services Your Internal Services Your Internal Services Your Internal Services
.NET Enterprise .NET Enterprise
Servers Servers
.NET Enterprise .NET Enterprise
Servers Servers
33rdrd Party Web Services Party Web Services 33rdrd Party Web Services Party Web Services
Geographic Mapping Service Geographic Mapping Service Credit Card Statement Service Credit Card Statement Service
…
… [ActiveX Paradigm][ActiveX Paradigm]
Building Block Building Block
Services Services
Building Block Building Block
Services Services
Passport – Identity Service Passport – Identity Service Calendaring Service
Calendaring Service
…
… [myServices][myServices]
Windows Windows
SQL Server SQL Server BizTalk Server BizTalk Server
Application Center Application Center Commerce Server Commerce Server
Host Integration Server Host Integration Server
Internet Security and Acceleration Internet Security and Acceleration Exchange Server
Exchange Server Sales Data Service Sales Data Service
Corporate Fullfilment Service Corporate Fullfilment Service
Smart Smart Devices Devices Smart Smart Devices Devices
Smart Clients Smart Clients Smart Clients Smart Clients
.NET FW .NET FW Windows Windows
.NET FW .NET FW
Windows Windows
CE, XP, 2000, .NET CE, XP, 2000, .NET
Windows Windows
CE, XP, 2000, .NET CE, XP, 2000, .NET
.NET .NET
Framework Framework
.NET .NET
Framework
Framework .NET FW.NET FW
.NET Blueprint
Your Your applicati applicati on and on and
web web service service
Your Your applicati applicati on and on and
web web service service
.NET Framework (2)
.NET Framework (3)
System System System.Data
System.Data System.XmlSystem.Xml System.Web
System.Web
Globalization Globalization TextText
Security Security Collections Collections
Resources Resources Reflection Reflection NetNet
IOIO
Threading Threading Diagnostics Diagnostics ServiceProcess ServiceProcess Configuration Configuration Design
Design ADO.NET
ADO.NET SqlClientSqlClient
Xslt/XPath Xslt/XPath XmlDocument XmlDocument
Runtime Runtime
InteropServices InteropServices Remoting
Remoting Serialization Serialization
Serialization Serialization Configuration
Configuration SessionStateSessionState Caching
Caching SecuritySecurity Services
Services Description Description Discovery Discovery Protocols Protocols
UIUI
HtmlControls HtmlControls WebControls WebControls
System.Drawing System.Drawing
Imaging Imaging Drawing2D Drawing2D
TextText Printing Printing
System.WinForms System.WinForms
Design
Design ComponentModelComponentModel
Reader/Writers Reader/Writers OleDB, odbc, Oracle
OleDB, odbc, Oracle
Common Language Runtime
• Bagian utama dari framework yang akan mengkompilasi dan mengeksekusi program yang ditulis dengan bahasa yang mendukung .NET
• Compilation process
– Dua Langkah Kompilasi
• Pertama program di compile menjadi Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) / Common Intermediate Language (CIL)
– Mendefinisikan instruksi untuk CLR
• Kemudian MSIL code diterjemahkan kedalam machine code
– Machine code untuk platform yang khusus
– Mengapa dua proses kompilasi ?
• Agar platformnya bersifat independence
– .NET Framework dapat diinstal di platform berbeda
– Mengeksekusi program .NET tanpa modifikasi kode-nya
• Language independence
– .NET program tidak terikat dengan bahasa tertentu – Komponen yang lama dan baru dapat terintegrasi
Common Language Runtime (2)
• Keuntungan lain dari CLR
– Execution-management features
• Manages memory, security
• Membebaskan programmer dari banyak tanggung jawab
• Programmer lebih berkonsentrasi pada program logic
• CLR menyediakan JIT compilation.
• JIT hanya akan mengkompilasi method-method yang memang digunakan dalam suatu bagian aplikasi pada saat tertentu, dan hasil kompilasi ini sendiri di cache di dalam mesin dan akan dikompile kembali jika memang ada perubahan pada kode aplikasi kita.
– Jadi tidak semua method diload ke-memori pada saat yang sama
Common Language Runtime (3)
Class Loader Class Loader IL to Native
IL to Native Compilers Compilers
CodeCode Manager Manager
Garbage Garbage Collector Collector Security Engine
Security Engine Debug EngineDebug Engine Type Checker
Type Checker Exception ManagerException Manager Thread Support
Thread Support COM MarshalerCOM Marshaler Base Class Library Support
Base Class Library Support
Deployment Deployment Development Development
CLR Execution Model
VBVB C#C# ScriptScript ......
Assembly:
Assembly:
MSIL + Metadata MSIL + Metadata Native
Native CodeCode
JITJIT Code Gen Code Gen
Native Native CodeCode
Install time Install time Code Gen Code Gen
Common Common Language Language
Runtime Runtime
Data Types in the CLR
• The CLR mendefinisikan Common Type System (CTS)
– All languages built on the CLR use the CTS (managed code)
• Ada 2 kategori:
– Value types:
• Relatively simple types
• Allocated on the stack
– Reference types:
• More complex types
• Allocated on the heap
• Destroyed through garbage collection
Compiling & Executing Managed Code
Source Code
Language Compiler
Microsoft Intermediate
Language (MSIL) Compilation
JIT Compiler Native
Code
The first time each method is called
Execution
.NET Class Library
• Sering disebut sebagai Base Class Library.
• Adalah koleksi dari reusable types yang sangat terintegrasi secara melekat dengan CLR.
• Class library bersifat berorientasi objek yang akan menyediakan types dari fungsi-fungsi managed code.
• Dengan BCL kita dapat membuat:
– Aplikasi console
– Aplikasi berbasis windowd (Windows Form) – Aplikasi ASP.NET (berbasis web)
– Aplikasi Web Services XML
• Aplikasi berbasis Windows Services
A Brief History of Windows Mobile Development
• Embedded Tools for Visual Studio
– VS 6
– Tools for VB, C++
• eMBedded Tools
– Standalone and free – eVB
– eC++
• .NET Compact Framework (First Pass)
– Visual Studio.NET
– Smart Device Extensions
.NET Compact Framework Design Goals
• Portable and small .NET CLR for devices
– Enable Visual Basic® and C#
• Integrated in Visual Studio® .NET
– Run managed .EXEs and .DLLs directly – Debug with Visual Studio .NET
• Target devices:
– Compaq, HP, Dell, Toshiba, … – PocketPC 2000, 2002
– Windows Mobile (alias PPC 2003)
• .Net CF in ROM!
– Windows CE – SmartPhone
– No Palm/Handspring
The Framework – “Optimized”
• 20mb 1.5mb
• Same languages, same code, same MSIL
• Multiple target CPUs / Mobile device
.NET Compact Framework
System System System.Data
System.Data System.XmlSystem.Xml System.Web
System.Web
Globalization Globalization TextText
Security Security Collections Collections
Resources Resources Reflection Reflection NetNet
IOIO
Threading Threading Diagnostics Diagnostics ServiceProcess ServiceProcess Configuration Configuration Design
Design ADO.NET
ADO.NET SqlClientSqlClient
Xslt/XPath Xslt/XPath XmlDocument XmlDocument
Runtime Runtime
InteropServices InteropServices Remoting
Remoting Serialization Serialization
Serialization Serialization Configuration
Configuration SessionStateSessionState Caching
Caching SecuritySecurity Services
Services Description Description Discovery Discovery Protocols Protocols
UIUI
HtmlControls HtmlControls WebControls WebControls
System.Drawing System.Drawing
Imaging Imaging Drawing2D Drawing2D
TextText Printing Printing
System.WinForms System.WinForms
Design
Design ComponentModelComponentModel
Reader/Writers Reader/Writers
SqlServerCe SqlServerCe
.NET CF Architecture
Host Operating System Host Operating System Platform Adaptation Layer Platform Adaptation Layer
Execution Engine (“MSCOREE.DLL”) Execution Engine (“MSCOREE.DLL”)
Device Specific Class Libs Device Specific Class Libs
Base Class Libs Base Class Libs Applications
Applications
.NET Compact Framework CLR .NET Compact Framework CLR
App Domain HostApp Domain Host
… … LaunchLaunch
Managed Managed
Native Native
Platform Adaptation Layer
• Base Services
– Threads, sync, timers, memory, math
• Storage
– Open, close, read/write, directory – Direct addressing mode
• Networking
– Sockets
– Connection Control
• GUI
– Framebuffer, char and pointer I/O, Fonts
Execution Engine
• Basic services for managed execution
– Loader
• Meta-data engine/cache
• Representation of class hierarchy/layout
• Reflection
– JIT-Compiler/Verifier
– Execution Infrastructure
• Exceptions, Native Code InterOp, Security
– Garbage Collector – Debugging Support
– “Native” implementation of some managed APIs (class libraries)
Class Libs
• Base Types
– Type conversion, display formatting – String manipulation
– Array.Sort
• Threading & Sync (System.Threading)
• Storage (System.IO)
• Resources (System.Resources)
• Collections (System.Collections)
• Reflection (System.Reflection)
• XML
– DOM and Reader/Writer
• Networking, Forms, Data Access
Developing in a Compact World
• VS.Net 2003/2005 installation option
• Only C#, VB.Net
• True on-device debugging
– If you can get it connected…
• Emulator
• Deployment
Developing in a Compact World
VS.NET Integration
• Templates for devices in New Project dialog
– Template sets device and project type
• Template types
– Pocket PC Application – Pocket PC Class Library – Pocket PC Control Library
– Windows CE .NET Application – Mobile Phone Application
• Default set of references that are appropriate for your platform
Develop Symbian in VS 2005
• You can get it! You can download
AppForge plugin!
Developing in a Compact World
Deployment
• Same user experience as desktop
• Compiles application for device
• Output Window used for deployment messages
• Visual Studio deploys the framework to
device if needed
Packaging and Deployment
Windows + Visual Studio .NET Windows + Visual Studio .NET Source Code
Source Code (Hello.*) (Hello.*)
.NET.NET Compiler Compiler .NET CF .NET CF Class Libs Class Libs
Hello.exe Hello.exe Hello.dll(s)
Hello.dll(s) Hello.cabHello.cab CabWiz.exe
CabWiz.exe
Hello.cab Hello.cab
Device Device ActiveSync,
ActiveSync, SMS, Etc/.
SMS, Etc/.
Hello.exe Hello.exe Hello.dll(s) Hello.dll(s) WCELoad.exe
WCELoad.exe
.NET CF.cab .NET CF.cab
Per-Processor/OS and Per-Processor/OS and
Language Package Language Package
.NET CF.cab .NET CF.cab
.NET CF .NET CF
CLRCLR
More Deployment Options
Windows + Visual Studio .NET Windows + Visual Studio .NET
Device Device Hello.cab
Hello.cab
.NET CF.cab .NET CF.cab
Desktop Desktop Executables Executables
Windows Windows
Setup.exe Setup.exe
Setup.exe Setup.exe ActiveSync,
ActiveSync, Add/Remove Add/Remove Programs, Etc.
Programs, Etc.
Hello.cab Hello.cab
Desktop Desktop Executables Executables
++
.NET CF.cab .NET CF.cab
Hello.cab Hello.cab
Hello.exe Hello.exe Hello.dll(s) Hello.dll(s)
.NET CF.cab .NET CF.cab
.NET CF .NET CF
CLRCLR
Working with data: SQL Server CE
• Limited subset of SQL Server functionality
• Good for:
– Persistent storage locally
– Persistent storage for occasionally-connected applications and large sets of data
– Merge Replication
• Currently, SQL Server CE requires an
additional installation
Working with data: SQLite
• SQLite adalah database bukan client- server, dia bersifat stand-alone
• Hanya terdiri dari 1 file
– Berekstensi: .db3
• Perlu download file DLL tambahan agar bisa koneksi:
– System.Data.SQLite
• Secure, bisa menggunakan bahasa SQL
• Bersifat lokal
Working with data: XML
• Good for:
– Persistent storage of smaller sets of data
• Local storage
• Occasionally-connected computing
– Not as secure as SQL Server CE
How Compact ?
File Size Classes Methods
NETCF Desktop % NETCF Desktop % NETCF Desktop %
“MSCorEE” 400K* 2.2 M 18% N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
MSCorLib 200K 2M 10% 364 1286 28% 3989 13817 29%
System 100K 1.2M 8% 140 765 18% 1090 6953 16%
System.Drawing 20K 458K 5% 41 254 16% 385 3509 11%
System.Web.Services 67K 503K 13% 54 274 20% 302 2083 14%
System.Windows.Forms 56+55K 2M 5% 43 823 5% 393 11337 3%
System.XML 138K 1.2M 12% 100 724 14% 927 7227 13%
* .NETCF file size of MSCorEE is for Win32/x86 version
* .NETCF file size of MSCorEE is for Win32/x86 version
Framework Size
• Framework size (RAM or ROM)
– ~1.5 MB
• Running RAM needs
– 1 MB+ (depends on app)
• Typical application sizes
– 5 - 100 KB
– Apps often smaller due to use of platform features in the framework
