Table S4. Prevalence odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals* for independent predictors of a priori drug use among inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, Multi-State Medicaid MarketScan database 2009-2010
Characteristic Narcotic
analgesics
Non-narcotic analgesics
Anxiolytics/
sedatives/hypnotics Antidepressants Age
0 to 9 0.10 (0.06-0.19) 0.26 (0.13-0.51) 0.25 (0.12-0.52) 0.10 (0.04-0.23) 10 to 19 0.40 (0.29-0.55) 0.45 (0.33-0.61) 0.20 (0.14-0.29) 0.62 (0.46-0.85)
20 to 29 1 1 1 1
30 to 39 1.51 (1.04-2.21) 0.86 (0.65-1.15) 1.37 (1.02-1.84) 1.29 (0.96-1.75) 40 to 49 1.38 (0.94-2.01) 1.02 (0.77-1.35) 1.65 (1.22-2.21) 1.46 (1.08-1.98) 50 to 59 1.13 (0.76-1.68) 0.89 (0.66-1.19) 1.19 (0.88-1.62) 1.38 (1.01-1.90) 60 to 69 0.51 (0.30-0.85) 0.97 (0.65-1.46) 0.86 (0.57-1.32) 1.10 (0.71-1.71)
≥70 0.30 (0.09-0.95) 1.44 (0.50-4.18) 0.73 (0.22-2.38) 0.41 (0.12-1.43)
Gender
Female 1 1 1 1
Male 0.91 (0.73-1.14) 0.96 (0.79-1.17) 0.87 (0.71-1.08) 0.66 (0.54-0.80) IBD type
Crohn’s disease 1 1 1 1
Ulcerative colitis 0.58 (0.46-0.73) 0.83 (0.68-1.00) 0.97 (0.79-1.19) 0.79 (0.64-0.96) Indeterminate IBD 0.70 (0.27-1.79) 0.96 (0.42-2.21) 1.05 (0.42-2.62) 1.06 (0.43-2.61) Comorbidities
Liver disease 0.93 (0.60-1.44) 0.91 (0.69-1.20) 0.84 (0.62-1.13) 1.17 (0.85-1.61) Chronic peptic ulcer 0.54 (0.12-2.33) 1.70 (0.63-4.61) 1.50 (0.51-4.38) 1.59 (0.47-5.39) Weight loss 0.83 (0.63-1.11) 0.97 (0.78-1.21) 0.99 (0.77-1.26) 1.14 (0.90-1.45) Fluid and electrolyte disorders 1.58 (1.18-2.11) 1.09 (0.88-1.35) 1.04 (0.83-1.31) 0.81 (0.64-1.02) Blood loss anemia 1.19 (0.72-1.96) 1.14 (0.81-1.62) 0.65 (0.44-0.95) 0.81 (0.56-1.18) Deficiency anemias 0.95 (0.74-1.22) 1.18 (0.97-1.43) 0.80 (0.65-0.99) 0.77 (0.62-0.95) Ankylosing spondylitis 0.96 (0.17-5.38) 1.58 (0.53-4.68) 0.23 (0.07-0.74) 0.58 (0.19-1.76) Colon cancer 0.43 (0.16-1.16) 1.09 (0.52-2.27) 0.75 (0.34-1.64) 0.39 (0.18-0.86) Primary sclerosing cholangitis 1.12 (0.44-2.86) 1.10 (0.48-2.53) 1.39 (0.56-3.49) 1.17 (0.50-2.74) Rheumatoid arthritis 1.67 (0.95-2.92) 1.49 (1.06-2.11) 1.14 (0.79-1.65) 0.95 (0.65-1.39) Inpatient visits
0 1 1 1 1
1-3 1.43 (1.09-1.87) 0.93 (0.75-1.15) 1.20 (0.95-1.51) 0.90 (0.71-1.13)
≥4 1.20 (0.71-2.04) 0.93 (0.66-1.32) 1.93 (1.33-2.82) 1.25 (0.85-1.83)
Outpatient visits
0-19 1 1 1 1
20-39 1.65 (1.21-2.24) 1.57 (1.11-2.23) 0.82 (0.57-1.17) 0.94 (0.68-1.31)
≥40 2.59 (1.87-3.58) 1.64 (1.16-2.32) 0.90 (0.63-1.28) 1.25 (0.91-1.73)
Unique generic prescriptions
0-9 1 1 1 1
10-19 2.68 (2.03-3.55) 2.62 (1.85-3.72) 5.06 (3.32-7.72) 4.10 (2.92-5.77)
20-29 5.24 (3.66-7.50) 5.40 (3.70-7.87) 11.43 (7.27-17.98) 11.62 (7.94-16.99)
≥30 20.21 (11.28-36.19) 10.31 (6.83-15.56) 31.80 (19.47-51.96) 32.53 (20.89-50.65) Gastrointestinal surgery
No 1 1 1 1
Yes 2.23 (1.50-3.31) 0.88 (0.68-1.15) 0.95 (0.71-1.27) 0.87 (0.65-1.17)
IBD medication use
Oral steroid 1.45 (1.15-1.83) 1.15 (0.95-1.39) 0.93 (0.76-1.14) 0.93 (0.76-1.14) 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs 0.74 (0.59-0.94) 1.00 (0.83-1.20) 0.62 (0.50-0.75) 0.86 (0.70-1.04) Azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine 0.80 (0.61-1.04) 0.71 (0.56-0.90) 0.90 (0.70-1.16) 0.83 (0.66-1.06) Rectal steroid 0.81 (0.32-2.07) 0.73 (0.30-1.79) 1.42 (0.57-3.54) 2.71 (1.12-6.56) Methotrexate 0.81 (0.41-1.61) 0.87 (0.50-1.52) 0.92 (0.50-1.71) 1.28 (0.73-2.26) Cyclosporine or tacrolimus 0.32 (0.12-0.87) 1.32 (0.59-2.97) 0.72 (0.29-1.80) 0.36 (0.15-0.87) Biologics 1.10 (0.82-1.47) 0.86 (0.68-1.10) 1.00 (0.77-1.29) 0.79 (0.61-1.01)
* Prevalence odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals are adjusted for all other predictors listed in the table and were estimated in a separate multivariable model for each drug class
