Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.

XVIII, 20, 1905

PROCEEDINGS

OFTHE

BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

DIAGNOSES ARAGALLORUM.

BY EDWARD

L.

GREENE.

Responding

^to a requestlately

made

that I

would name some newly gathered specimens

^of Aragallus

from New _Mexico,

I

found

it needful to

examine with

eare

a copious supply

^{of old} material restingchiefly in the

National Herbarium, from

^vari

ous

_parts ofthe

Southwest

all the

way ^from

^the

Rio Colorado

to the

Rio Grande; ^material

^that

had been accumulating from

the

days

^of

Lindheimer and Charles Wright more than a

half-

century

ago,

down

to

our own _time; most

ofitlabelled_Oxi/tropis Lamberti.

When, ^some seven years

since, I

was demonstrating

the

neces

sity of

adopting

the generic

name

_Aragallus, I

came

also to

a

realization of the fact that the species ^of

the genus

ⁱⁿ

North America were more numerous than had

_{ever yet}

been

_indicated,

and

in the

mean

time, besides several

proposed

^as

new _by my

self,*

Mr. _Nelson,

of

Wyoming,

^t

^{and Mr.} Rydberg,

^of

New

York,t ^have added

_quite a

number,

^theirs

mostly from

the

northern Rocky ^Mountain

region

within

the

United

States.

In

the course of

my ^own newly resumed study

^{of the}

genus,

I

found

that in the

Texano-Neo-Mexican

region there

was much more _waiting

to be

done than

I

had

anticipated;

and

I

begin

this series of

diagnoses with

the essential characters of

some

species

belonging

^{to this well defined}

geographic and

climatic region.

*Pittonia,iii,212,andiv, 69.

fErythea,vii,57-64.

| Fl.Montana,250-255.

3 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH., VOL. XVIII,^1905. (11)

Diagnoses Aragallorum.

Aragallus Metcalfei sp. nov.

A

foothigh,^stoutbothas tothebranchesofthecaudex

and

the_scapes, thewhole_plantsilky-glossywith alongappressedpi^lose-villouspubescence^;

leaflets in about 7 to 9 pairs, closelyapproximate,^often alternate rather than_{in pairs,}oblong-lanceolate,acute,^oto¹inch long; spikes²or3inches long,denseabovethe middle, thelowerflowersscattered;bracts lanceolate- subulate,conspicuous^; calyx cylindric, the subulate teeth hardly^halfas long^asthe_tube,the whole4lines long; ^corolla

more

thantwiceas long, red-purple; pods about ^{1 inch} long, sessile, very ^erect, nearly glabrous, thinnish, the textureonly^firmerthanthat ofparchment.

In the Black Range, southern

New

Mexico, ^at 10,000 feet, O.B.Met-

calfe,1904.

Type

ⁱⁿ

my

^herbarium.

Aragallus Knowltonii sp.nov.

Barely a^foothigh butstout, rigidly erect, canescently short-silky,both faces ofthe leaflets about _equallyso,these in about7to9 pairs,elliptic- oblong, acute

H

inches long; scapes bearing the spikes barelyabovethe leaves_; spikes^{3 to5}inches long

and

ratherlax, at leastneverdense; bracts very short

and

broad,ovate,acuminate; corolla red, hardly |inch long;

calyx not densely invested with avillous closelyappressed pubescence, cylindric

and

with short subulate teeth; pods long

and

_very erect,

more

than aninchlong, coriaceous,minutely

and

not denselysilky-hairy,obcom- pressed.

In the_vicinity of _Flagstaff

and

the SanFranciscoMountain,^northern Arizona; on Mt.

Humphreys by

Rusby, July 2, 1883; then

by

myself ⁱⁿ 1889

among

^the

^woods

^nearFlagstaff; also in the

same

_{yearby Mr.}F. II.

Knowlton,

whose

_specimenintheU.S. Herb,isthe_type.

Aragallus

majusculus

sp. nov.

Branches of the caudex short, stout, the mature plant 12 or 14 inches high, the short pointing spikes borne hardly

beyond

the very long

and

erectleaves_; scanty pubescence^ofthe verystout striatescapesvillous,that of the_foliagedense,silvery -silky,of the calyx

and

_pods

more

tomentulose;

leaflets in 5 to7pairs, oralternate, oblong-elliptical,aboutaninch long;

flowering spikes thick,only ^lgor2inches long; ^bractsreduced

and

incon spicuous; ^corollasyellowish, orperhapspinkish^; pods hardlyfinch long but_verythick,

commonly

onlyoblong-ovoid,sessile,erect; fruiting calyx

showing

^{subulateteethalmostas}long^asthe shortcampanulate^tube.

Henry

Mountains, southern Utah, July, 1894,

M.

E. Jones, ⁱⁿ U. S.

Herb., ^his No. 5674 a fine fruitingspecimen, being the type; whileNo.

5695,from

which

caudex

and

flowers aredescribed,is,withhardlya doubt, the

same

_species.

Aragallus abbreviatus sp.nov.

Compared

^{with A.} Lamberti low,

and

withleafletscrowded,^flowerslarge

and

spike short; scapiformpedunclesonly^4to8incheshighincluding the

Diagnoses Aragallorum.

spike; flowers f inch long; calyx with _{very short} teethbroadatbase;

villous-strigosecoriaceouspods erect, sessile, little

more

than inclilong, hardlytwice the length of the calyx.

Near _{Dallas,Texas,}collected

by

Reverchon,

and

distributedby

him and

also

by

^{A. II.}Curtiss, forA.Lamberti,from which^itisabundantly^distinct.

The

spikes of flowers are

commonly

² inches long

and

_nearlyasbroad.

Named

in reference to the characteristically short calyx-teeth

and

short pods.

Type

ⁱⁿ

my

^herbarium.

Aragallus articulatus sp.nov.

Erect,slender,10 inches high,withpale glaucescent herbage sparingly pilose^; leaves 6 inches _long, with 4 or 5 remote _pairsoflinear leaflets

about₄ inch_long,shorterthan the internodes of the rachis

upon

^which they are ^inserted by ^{a distinctwhite} callosity; flowers

unknown;

pods

2 inch _long,sessileacute, strigulose.

Collectedon the Canadian River,perhaps^{within the limitsof}

what

^is

now

Colorado,

by

^{Dr.J. M.} Bigelow,on Whipple's Expedition^{; referred}

by

^Dr. Torrey^{to A. Lmnbertiasa}variety, as thelabel in his handwriting in U. S. Herb, demonstrates. It is doubtless the specimen (there are

two

onthesheet)ofwhich he speaksⁱⁿWhipple's Report,p. 80,ashaving

"

pods^shorter

and

thicker,

and

strigose-hirsute." Boththis

and

the other

"

Oxytropis Lamberti" of Bigelow's collecting

on

the Canadian

may

^be

supposed^tohave beenincluded in Grays'^var.Bigel.ovii.

But

the _foliage inA.articulatusisverypeculiar,

and

thepods^inA.Bigeloviiare _stipitate.

Aragallus

aboriginum

sp.nov.

Very

stout,large-leaved but low,scarcelyafoothigh, whitish

and

_glossy with adenselong appressedpubescence; leaves7 or 8inches_long,of7to9 pairs of 1^-inch-long ^{leaflets all} acute

and

_inclining to lanceolate from oblong; ^stoutscapes shorterthanthe_leaves,bearingonlya part of the long spike above

them;

short-cylindric calyx with triangular-subulate short teeth; flowering spike⁵inches _long, not dense; pods |inch _long,hard- cartilaginous,denselyvillous-tomentose.

Cimarron River,

Oklahoma,

June,1891,

M.

H.Carleton in U.S.Herb.

Very

large

and

low white-flowered_species.

Aragallus ^falcatus sp.nov.

Rather_slender,afoot high^; mature herbage green,

when

_very

_young

slightlyglossy with a not dense_appressed villous pubescence^{; leaves6 or} 8inches_long,of7to 9 pairsof acutelylance-linearsubfalcate firmleaflets 1 inchlonger more; peduncles about equalling the leaves; spikes of red- purple flowers about 3 inches _long, not dense; ^bracts slender-subulate;

calyx subcampanulate, densely villous-tomentulose, the slender-subulate teeth short; densely tomentulose pod barely inch _long, erect, sessile, little ifatallexceedingthe calyx-teeth.

Watson, Missouri,

June

1,1894,B.F.

Bush

_; senttoU.S. Herb, for A.

Lamberti.

Diagnoses Aragallorum.

The next

four species are of

the northerly Rocky ^Mountain

regions,

from western Dakota

to

Wyoming ^and Montana;

^all

but

the fourth

having passed with some

for

A.

Lambert*.

Aragallus

formosus

_sp. nov.

Stout, multicip.itous,the

decumbent

scapes 6^to10indieshigh^; herbage neither_silverynorcanescent, green,though^farfrom_glabrous,allthe_parts clothedwithacomparativelycoarse appressed pilosepubescence^{; leaflets} thinnish,1}inches_long,oblong-linear,very acute^; scapes^littlesurpassing the_foliage; spikes oflarge red flowers 1o to 2%inches_long,1 indiameter;

bracts lanceolate, hardlyequalling the cylindric denselypilosecalyx,^this with triangular-subulate acute teeth halfas long ^as the tube; pods^not

known.

BlackHillsnearFortMeade, South Dakota,

June

7,1887, Dr.

W.

H.For- wood, U.^{S. A.;} specimensⁱⁿU. S. Herb. Dr.

Forwood

describes the_large corollas asbeingcardinal red;

and

this is not improbable, though ^inthe driedstatetheyare purple.

Aragallus invenustus sp.nov.

Multicipitous

and

decumbent,low,stoutish, villous-hirsute throughout;

leaflets very

many,

^small

and

_crowded, elliptic-oblong,|to inch _long;

scapes 5 or⁶inches high, bearing the short spikes of whitish flowers a^little above the_foliage; bracts linear,

much

shorter than _{the calyx,} this with long cylindrictube

and

_{short,broadly}subulate_teeth;podsnearlyan inch long,ascending, the apiculation spreading, the whole villous-tomentose, texturecoriaceous.

Known

_onlyfromaboutFortMeade, South Dakota,

where

it

was

_collected,

in both flower

and

_fruit,

by

^{Dr. \V.}H. Forwood,ⁱⁿ 1887; types ⁱⁿ U.S.

Herb.

Aragallus rigens sp.nov.

Rigidly ^{erect, 8}inches high, rather slender,pale-greenbut not_silvery, thepubescencescanty

and

_strigulose; leavesrather long-petioled

and

erect_; theleafletsinabout5or_{6 pairs}

and

_{remote,thoughlonger}thantheinter- nodesofthe _rachis,subcoriaceous,linear, acute,\to 1 inch _long,not cal lous_{at base,}yet inserted each in aconspicuoushollowoftherachis

which

is

thus notably articulated; flowersnotseen; podshard-coriaceous, oblong, abruptlybeaked,^the

whole

4inchlong, strigulose; calyxunderthemature podscampanulate

and

with very short triangular^teeth.

CedarCreek,twelvemilesabove_Glendive,Montana, July15,1884, L. F.

Ward,

^{inU.S.Herb. Inthe} emphasized articulationofits leafletswith theirrachisthis

must

be regarded^asanear _allyofthe geographically^far

removed and

otherwisedistinctA.articalatusdefined above.

Greene Diagnoses Aragallorum.

Aragallus

ventosus

sp.nov.

Low and

millticipitons, canescently silky-villous^; leaves long-petioled

and

slender,the_{3 pairs}ofoblong-elliptical^leafletsapproximate^attheendof thepetiole, so to speak,about k inch long; slender peduncles^{twice the} height of the leaves

and

about5or6inches long including the shortcapiti- fonn _spike; bracts lance-linear, villous-strigose, asarealsothe calyx-tube

and

itsrather long^{linearteeth; keel}ofcorolla withashort_straightblunt point; pod

unknown.

Dry

ground^inthevalleyof the North Forkof

Wind

_River,

Wyoming

July12,1882, Dr.

W.

H.

Forwood

; type ⁱⁿ U.S. Herb.,labelled Oxytropis L'if/opus,

and

doubtlessrelated thereto,thougha plant of slenderhabit,of few _long leafletsas it wereatthe end only^ofa longpetiole; alsowholly destituteofthe woolly-hairiness of A.lagopns.

Northward beyond ^{the borders}

^{of the}

^United

^States

^occur

several

more

_species

_proposed

as

new

; severaloftheseso

mani

festly allied to

A. Lamberti

as to

have been

labelled so in the herbaria.

These have

all

been

collected

by ^the

^efficient

and

zealous botanists of

the Canadian

_Geological

_Survey, and

as distributed

bear

the

numbers

ofthat collection.

Aragallus Albertinus sp. nov.

Ratherslender, 6 to 12 inches high,silvery-silkyonly^{as to} the

young and

_{growing parts,}

when

maturer _glabrate,the green-lookingupper^face ofleafletsonly sparselyvillous-piloseunder^alens,thesein

numerous

_closely approximated pairs, hardly f inch _long, oblong-lanceolate, very acute;

spikes of whitish or purplish flowers narrow

and

_dense,bornewellabove thefoliage; bracts subulate-linear,nearly equalling the calyx,this villous- tomentose

and

white, the subulate teethalmostaslong^asthe

subcampanu-

latetube;podsshort,conspicuously acuminate, the beak-like point spread ing,

and

_onlythissurpassing thecalyx-teeth.

A

rather elegant

and

_certainlywell

marked

_species, of

which

the type

isfrom nearPrince_Albert,Saskatchewan,

by

^Mr.

John

_{Macoun,July,1896,} sent

me

underthe Geol.Survey^No.12,540; also inflower only,under No.

12,535. Earlierspecimens^{referredhere are}fromtwolocalitiesin Alberta takenin 1895. Typesⁱⁿ

my

^herbarium.

Aragallus

melanodontus

_sp. nov.

Stout, low, multicipitous, the erectscapes⁵inches high; plant^villous- canescent, the hairs partlyappressed,partlyspreading; ^{leaflets in 5 to 7} pairs,ovaltooblong-lanceolate,acute,^}to_|inch long; flowers_large,white, inspikes ^littlelonger than broad; bracts subulate,nothalfaslong^asthe rather_largeshort-cylindriccalyx,this villouswithshortdark-colored

and

Greene Diagnoses Aragallorum.

longerwhite _hairs,the oblong obtuse teeth of half the length of thetube

and

_whollyblack-hairy; pods

unknown.

Species very ^well

marked

_by its peculiarly obtuse black calyx-teeth.

Itis

known

to

me _by

a sheetin

my ^own

^{herbariumcollected}

by

^Mr.

John Macoun

at

Elbow

_{River,Alberta,}in1897_;thelabelbearing the Geol. Surv.

No._18,513.

Aragallus

Macounii

_sp.nov.

Growing

parts silky-canescent, maturer herbage greener, the ^erect or slightly

decumbent

_scapesafoothigh^ormore,^theasnearly upright leaves

more

than halfas high, rather long-petioled^{; leaflets in 11 to}15 _pairs, ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate,acute,often_finch_long,approximate^but notcrowded; spikes^{1 to 2} inches high; bracts lanceolate,equalling the calyx-tube,herbaceous; calyx-teeth broadly

and somewhat

_obtuselysubu

late,of

much

lessthanhalfthe length of the villous-tomentulose subcylin- drictube; corollas_Jinch_long,white_; podsvillous,smallforthe_plant,little

more

thanthebeakexserted

beyond

the calyx-teeth.

Plainsof Alberta,about_Calgary,

June and

_July,1897,Mr.

John Macoun,

Nos. 18,516

and

18,517 Herb. Geol. _Surv.,Canad.,

named

^"0. Lamberti"

butallied toA. monticolarather.

Type

ⁱⁿ

my

^herbarium.

Aragallus cervinus sp.nov.

Slender

and

rather low, the ^tallestscapes ⁸inches high, these

and

the leaves_erect; herbagesilvery-silky,theupper^{faceofleaflets least}so, their lowermost so,thesevery

numerous and

almost crowded, narrowly^lance- linear, \ inch _{long or} more, ^acute; flowers white, very few, ^{5 to} 12 in eachshort capitiform spike; bracts subulate-linear,shorterthan_{the calyx,} thiscylindricwithshort teeth; pods not^seen.

At Deer_Park,

Lower Arrow

_Lake,BritishColumbia,

June

8, 1890, ^J.

M.

Macoun,

^No.5358asin

my

^herbarium.

Aragallus galioides sp. nov.

Slender, 12to 18 inches high,

young

parts silvery-silky,otherwise cin ereous-villous; leaves upright, 4^{to 10}inches _long,the smalloblong ^acute thinleaflets inwhorls of _4, approximate but ^not crowded or imbricate;

slender spikes of small flowers 4^to6inches_long,notdense; bracts linear, nearly equalling the cylindric calyx,^thisdensely^villous,itssubulate teeth

more

thanhalfaslong^asthe tube; podsshort,ovalwith along beak-like apex, the

whole

_scarcelyfinch_long,thin-walled, villous-tomentulose.

Meadows

_along

Bow

_River, near_Banff,B._C.,at 4,500feet,July

and

_Sep tember,1899,

W.

C.McCalla,ⁱⁿU.S.Herb. Elegantsmall flowered_species relatedtoA.splendens; the long leaveswithwhorledleafletsrecalling leafy stemsofGalium.

Diagnoses Aragallorum.

The

three

concluding

^{the series} are, as will

be

_seen,

from widely sundered

stations,

and

_variously allied.

Aragallus luteolus sp.nov.

Tufted,stoutish, 6 to 10inches high, scapes well surpassing thefoliage, both minutely silky-villous, almost _silvery; leaflets lance-oblong,2inch long ormore,closelyapproximate,of thinnish texture; scapesflexible,not striate; spikes short

and

broad, not dense,

H

^{or2 inches} long,8 to 15- flowered; bracts lanceolate,shorterthanthe calyx-tube,this cylindric,^vil- lous-tomentosewith white

and

blackhairsintermixed, teethshort,obtusish_; corollaabout_|inch_long, yellowish.

Subalpine on^the

Olympic

Mountains, Washington, July, 1900, A.D. E.

Elmer

; typeⁱⁿU.S. Herb.; ^fruitnot

known.

Aragallus bryophilus sp. nov.

Branchesofcaudexstout,erect,2or3inches high, apparently

embedded

in mosses, heavily clothed with the stipules of leaves offormer _seasons, these yellowish-scarious, triangular, acutish, sparsely pilose toward the apex; ^leaveslong-petioled,¹ inches_long,the7to 9leaflets ovalto_ellip tical, hardly } inchlong, soft-pilose on both _faces,

more

emphatically^so beneath_{; scapesslender,}1 inch_long,2-flowered, the flowerfinch long or more; calyx dark-ferruginous-villous,^clefttothe middle, theteethlanceo late-subulate; corollapurple, the largebanner deeplyemarginate.

St.Matthew's _{Island,BeringSea,}July 10,1891, Mr.J.

M. Macoun;

^dis tributed from Herb.,Canad.Geol. _Surv.,under _{No. 18,510}

and

the

name

Oxytropisnigrescent,but

by

^habit

and

_{stipulesextremely}differentfromthe Asian_{plant of}Pallas

and

ofFischer.

Type

ⁱⁿ

my

^herbarium.

Aragallus

Hudsonicus

_sp. nov.

Branchesofthe chaffycaudex

and

tuftsofleaves

and

peduncles ofabout equal length, the

whole

2 to4incheshigh; stipules tapering ^toa_scarcely acute apex, rather densely^hirsute; leaves short-petioled, thewhole less

thananinch _long,of 27to33 _closelyapproximate minute oblongleaflets, the rachisvillous,^leaflets sparinglypilose^; scapes with ^ashort capitiform spike of^{8 to 16} middle-sized bluish flowers; cylindric; calyx ^{blackii^h-} villous,^its

somewhat

triangular but obtusish ^teeth very short; corolla _\ inch_long.

Whale

_River,Hudson's Bay,

June

24,1896,Mr.A. P.

Low

; No._14,272of Canad.Geol._{Surv., as}distributed

by

Mr. Macoun.

Type

ⁱⁿ

my

^herbarium.