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(1)

LEMBAR

HASIL PENILAIAN SEJAWAT SEBIDANG ATAU PEER REVIEW KARYA ILMIAH : PROSIDING*

Judul Prosiding (Artikel)

: Effect UV Irradiation and Ozonation (O

3

) Process for Degradation of Copper From Electroplating Wastewater

Nama Penulis : Aji Prasetyaningrum, Dessy Ariyanti, Hantoro Satriadi, Suherman, Purwanto, Bambang Pramudono, Gian Restu Prinanda

Jumlah Penulis : 7 orang

Status Pengusul : Penulis Pertama

Identitas Prosiding : a. Nama Prosiding : AIP Conference Proceedings

b. Nomor ISSN : 0094-243X / 1551-7616

c. Volume, Nomor, Bulan, Tahun : Vol.2197, Page 110001, Januari, 2020

d. Penerbit : AIP Conference Proceedings

e. Alamat repository PT/web prosiding :

https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.5140954

f. DOI artikel (jika ada) : https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140954

g. Terindeks : Scopus

Kategori Publikasi Makalah Ilmiah

: Prosiding Forum Ilmiah International (terindeks SCOPUS) (beri

pada kategori yang

tepat) Prosiding Forum Nasional

Hasil Penilaian Peer Review:

Komponen Yang Dinilai

Nilai Reviewer

Nilai Rata- Reviewer I Reviewer II rata

a. Kelengkapan unsur isi artikel (10%) 3,0 3,0 3,0

b. Ruang lingkup dan kedalaman pembahasan (30%) 4,5 5,5 5,0

c. Kecukupan dan kemutahiran data/informasi dan metodologi (30%) 4,5 5,5 5,0

d. Kelengkapan unsur dan kualitas terbitan/prosiding (30%) 7,0 7,0 7,0

Total = 100% 19,0 21,0 20,0

Nilai Pengusul (60% x nilai total) 11,4 12,6 12,0

Semarang,

Reviewer 2 Reviewer 1

Prof. Ir. Didi Dwi Anggoro., M. Eng., P.hD Prof. Dr. Moh. Djaeni, S.T., M.Eng

NIP. 196711141993031001 NIP. 197102071995121001

Bidang Ilmu/Unit kerja : Teknik Kimia FT UNDIP Bidang Ilmu/Unit kerja : Teknik Kimia FT UNDIP

√

(2)

LEMBAR

HASIL PENILAIAN SEJAWAT SEBIDANG ATAU PEER REVIEW KARYA ILMIAH : PROSIDING*

Judul Prosiding (Artikel)

: Effect UV Irradiation and Ozonation (O

3

) Process for Degradation of Copper From Electroplating Wastewater

Nama Penulis : Aji Prasetyaningrum, Dessy Ariyanti, Hantoro Satriadi, Suherman, Purwanto, Bambang Pramudono, Gian Restu Prinanda

Jumlah Penulis : 7 orang

Status Pengusul : Penulis Pertama

Identitas Prosiding : a. Nama Prosiding : AIP Conference Proceedings

b. Nomor ISSN : 0094-243X / 1551-7616

c. Volume, Nomor, Bulan, Tahun : Vol.2197, Page 110001, Januari, 2020

d. Penerbit : AIP Conference Proceedings

e. Alamat repository PT/web prosiding :

f. DOI artikel (jika ada) : https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140954

g. Terindeks : Scopus Kategori Publikasi

Makalah Ilmiah

: Prosiding Forum Ilmiah International (terindeks SCOPUS) (beri

tepat) Prosiding Forum Nasional

Hasil Penilaian Peer Review :

Komponen Yang Dinilai

Nilai Maksimum Prosiding Internasional Nasional

Nilai Akhir Yang Diperoleh

a. Kelengkapan unsur isi artikel (10%) 3,0 3,0

b. Ruang lingkup dan kedalaman pembahasan (30%)

9,0 4,5

c. Kecukupan dan kemutahiran data/informasi dan metodologi (30%)

9,0 4,5

d. Kelengkapan unsur dan terbitan/prosiding (30%)

9,0 7,0

Total = (100%) 30,0 19,0

Nilai Pengusul = (60%x19,0)= 11,4 Catatan Penilaian Artikel oleh Reviewer:



Kelengkapan unsur isi artikel (10%)

Artikel ini terdiri dari: Title, Abstract, Keyword, Introduction, Materials and Method, Results and Discussion, Conclusion, References dan ditulis sesuai dengan Guide for Author. Substansi artikel sesuai dengan bidang ilmu (Teknik Kimia).



Ruang lingkup dan kedalaman pembahasan (30%)

Artikel ini berisi tentang pengaruh kombinasi proses irradiasi dengan sinar UV dan ozonasi untuk penurunan kadar Cu pada pengolahan limbah elektroplating. Kajian difokuskan pada pengaruh intensitas iradiasi sinar UV dan laju alir (flowrate gas ozon).

Uji penurunan kadar Cu sebelum dan sesudah proses pada air limbah, dilakukan dengan uji AAS dan UV-Vis. Secara umum hasil penurunan kadar Cu dengan ozonasi lebih baik daripada iradiasi dengan sinar UV. Data disajikan dengan sangat sederhana walaupun dibahas dengan membandingkan beberapa referensi yang terkait. Dari sisi sains, sumbangan hasil penelitian ini cukup positif, tapi kurang signifikan.



Kecukupan dan kemutahiran data/informasi dan metodologi (30%)

Kecukupan dan kemutakhiran data/informasi cukup baik. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan jumlah referensi 10 tahun terakhir yaitu 10 dari 22 artikel (45,5%). Metode yang disajikan dengan prosedur yang singkat. Bahan yang digunakan dicantumkan dalam metode, namun gambar peralatan yang digunakan tidak ditampilkan. Data-data yang disajikan sesuai dengan tujuan yang ingin dicapai. Secara umum nilai novelty dari artikel ini kurang tinggi.



Kelengkapan unsur dan terbitan/prosiding (30%)

Penerbit prosiding ini adalah AIP Conference Proceedings, dan terindeks di Scopus dan Scimagojr dengan SJR=0.18 (tahun 2018) dan Hindex = 60. Untuk kategori prosiding, kualitas terbitan sudah baik. Similaritas artikel adalah 3%.

Semarang, Reviewer 1

Prof. Dr. Moh. Djaeni, S.T., M.Eng NIP. 197102071995121001

Bidang Ilmu/Unit kerja : Teknik Kimia FT UNDIP

√

(3)

LEMBAR

HASIL PENILAIAN SEJAWAT SEBIDANG ATAU PEER REVIEW KARYA ILMIAH : PROSIDING*

Judul Karya Ilmiah (Artikel)

: Effect UV Irradiation and Ozonation (O

3

) Process for Degradation of Copper From Electroplating Wastewater

Nama Penulis : Aji Prasetyaningrum, Dessy Ariyanti, Hantoro Satriadi, Suherman, Purwanto, Bambang Pramudono, Gian Restu Prinanda

Jumlah Penulis : 7 orang

Status Pengusul : Penulis Pertama

Identitas Karya Ilmiah : a. Nama Prosiding : AIP Conference Proceedings

b. Nomor ISSN : 0094-243X / 1551-7616

c. Volume, Nomor, Bulan, Tahun : Vol.2197, Page 110001, Januari, 2020

d. Penerbit : AIP Conference Proceedings

e. Alamat repository PT/web prosiding :

f. DOI artikel (jika ada) : https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140954

g. Terindeks : Scopus Kategori Publikasi

Makalah Ilmiah

: Prosiding Forum Ilmiah International (terindeks SCOPUS) (beri

tepat) Prosiding Forum Nasional

Hasil Penilaian Peer Review :

Komponen Yang Dinilai

Nilai Maksimum Prosiding Internasional Nasional

Nilai Akhir Yang Diperoleh

a. Kelengkapan unsur isi artikel (10%) 3,0 3,0

b. Ruang lingkup dan kedalaman pembahasan (30%)

9,0 5,5

c. Kecukupan dan kemutahiran data/informasi dan metodologi (30%)

9,0 5,5

d. Kelengkapan unsur dan terbitan/prosiding (30%) 9,0 7,0

Total = (100%) 30,0 21,0

Nilai Pengusul = (60%x 21,0)= 12,6 Catatan Penilaian Artikel oleh Reviewer:



Kelengkapan unsur isi artikel (10%)

Kelengkapan unsur isi artikel baik, dan artikel dituliskan sesuai petunjuk prosiding AIP Conference.

Isi dari artikel sesuai dengan judul artikel.



Ruang lingkup dan kedalaman pembahasan (30%)

Ruang lingkup sesuai dengan Teknik Kimia khususnya reaksi oksidasi, namun kedalaman pembahasan artikel masih kurang.

Pembahasa sangat singkat dan grafik atau data yang disajikan tidak banyak dibahas. Tidak ada penjelasan tentang mekanisme reaksi pada degradasi limbah Cu dengan reaksi oksidasi UV dan ozon. Namun demikian, refferensi yang digunakan pada pembahasan cukup banyak yaitu 14 buah dari 22 artikel yang disitasi.



Kecukupan dan kemutahiran data/informasi dan metodologi (30%)

Artikel ini menyajikan data/informasi hasil penelitian tentang penurunan kadar Cu pada limbah elektroplatimg dengan metode oksidasi radiasi UV dan ozonasi. Informasi mengenai metode penelitian tidak detail dan peralatan yang dipergunakan tidak diberi spesifikasi jelas. Namun jumlah sitasi (<10 tahun) cukup baik, yaitu 10 referensi dari total artikel yang disitasi.



Kelengkapan unsur dan terbitan/prosiding (30%)

Nilai similaritas artikel rendah, yaitu 3%. Artikel memiliki unsur dan kualitas penerbit baik, dan terindeks di Scopus, dengan nilai SJR pada tahun 2018 adalah 0,18. No ISSN adalah 0094-243X / 1551-7616.

Semarang, Reviewer 2

Prof. Ir. Didi Dwi Anggoro, M.Eng., P.hD NIP. 196711141993031001

Bidang Ilmu/Unit kerja : Teknik Kimia FT UNDIP

√

(4)

(5)

Document details

References (22)

1 of 1

Eﬀect UV irradiation and ozonation(O ) process for degradation of copper from electroplating wastewater

(Conference Paper)

, , , , , ,

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Kampus Undip Tembalang, Jl.

Prof. Soedarto, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia

Abstract

Copper (Cu) is one of the most common pollutant of the plating industrial wastewater. UV irradiation and ozonation (O ) treatment will enhance reduction of heavy metals pollutans in electroplating wastewater such as copper (Cu). This research intended to study the performance of degradation of Cu using UV irradiation and ozonation (O ) treatment.

The research uses variable proses are the intensity of UV irradiation and the ozon flowrate. UV irradiation equipped with UV-lamp tube (8 W, 16 W and 24 W). Ozonation process was carried out at different flowrate (3 L.min-1, 5 L.min- 1 and 7 L.min-1). Experiment was done at room temperature and initial pH reaction adjusted at pH 8. Synthetic copper wastewater was prepared at the initial concentration of 150 mg.L-1. The reduction of Cu concentration was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The results of this research showed that treatment of UV and O have significant effect for degradation of copper pollutant. The treatment of UV irradiation and ozonation (O ) reduced of Cu contaminant until 48.9% and 66 %, respectively after 60 min of reaction. © 2020 Author(s).

SciVal Topic Prominence

Topic:

Prominence percentile: 98.524

Author keywords

Cu degradation ozonation UV irradiation

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AIP Conference Proceedings

Volume 2197, 2 January 2020, Article number 110001

2nd International Conference on Chemical Process and Product Engineering 2019, ICCPPE 2019;

Patra Semarang Hotel and ConventionSemarang; Indonesia; 25 September 2019 through 26 September 2019; Code 156365

3

Prasetyaningrum, A.  Ariyanti, D.  Satriadi, H. Suherman, S. Purwanto, P. Pramudono, B.

Prinanda, G.R.  



View references (22)

3

3 3

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Ozonation | Ozone | Tert Butyl Alcohol



ISSN: 0094243X ISBN: 978-073541948-3

Source Type: Conference Proceeding Original language: English

DOI: 10.1063/1.5140954

Document Type: Conference Paper

Volume Editors: Buchori L.,Purbasari A.,Ariyanti D.

Publisher: American Institute of Physics Inc.

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Advanced oxidation processes in water/wastewater treatment: Principles and applications. A review

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Comparison of the Advanced Oxidation Processes (UV, UV/H O and O ) for the Removal of Antibiotic Substances during Wastewater Treatment

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Treatment of textile wastewater by advanced oxidation processes– A review

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Ozonation followed by ultraviolet irradiation provides eﬀective bacteria inactivation in a freshwater recirculating system

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Ozonation and UV irradiation - An introduction and examples of current applications

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ajiprasetyaningrum@gmail.com

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Conference date: 25–26 September 2019 Location: Semarang, Indonesia

ISBN: 978-0-7354-1948-3

Editors: Luqman Buchori, Aprilina Purbasari and Dessy Ariyanti Volume number: 2197

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Preface: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Chemical Process and Product Engineering 2019 (ICCPPE 2019)

AIP Conference Proceedings 2197, 010001 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140890



Scientific Committee: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Chemical Process and Product Engineering 2019 (ICCPPE 2019)

AIP Conference Proceedings 2197, 010002 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140891

KEYNOTE SPEAKER



Green technology in treating aquaculture wastewater

Ahmad Jusoh, Nurfarahana Mohd Nasir, Fareza Hanis Mohd Yunos, Hajjar Hartini Wan Jusoh and Su Shiung Lam

AIP Conference Proceedings 2197, 020001 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140892

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

Comparison of sugarcane bagasse conversion to syngas in downdraft and fluidized bed gasifier using ASPEN PLUS

Tantular Nurtono, Fransiskus Budi Kurnia Agung, Magistra Dwinovia Indriani, Hendiyansa Dwi Nanda, Indita Rizky Jayanti and Sugeng Winardi

AIP Conference Proceedings 2197, 090003 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140951 SHOW ABSTRACT 

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Effect UV irradiation and ozonation(O ) process for degradation of copper from electroplating wastewater

Aji Prasetyaningrum, Dessy Ariyanti, Hantoro Satriadi, S. Suherman, P. Purwanto, Bambang Pramudono and G. R. Prinanda

AIP Conference Proceedings 2197, 110001 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140954

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Effect of oxygen delignification process on the lignin content and wastewater quality from kraft-pulped Eucalyptus pellita

Aria Darmawan, Yanuar Ananda Putri Ramadhan, Nita Rahayu Dewi, Hikmatun Ni’mah, Achmad Roesyadi and Firman Kurniawansyah

AIP Conference Proceedings 2197, 110002 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140955

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Combination of CSTR and membrane process in treating palm oil mill effluent (POME)

I. Irvan, B. Trisakti, R. Sidabutar, A. H. Lubis, S. E. Cahyani, A. S. Zusri and H. Daimon AIP Conference Proceedings 2197, 110003 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140956

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Biogas quality upgrading by carbon mineralization with calcium hydroxide solution in continuous bubble column reactor

Suci Madhania, K. Kusdianto, Siti Machmudah, Tantular Nurtono, W. Widiyastuti and Sugeng Winardi

AIP Conference Proceedings 2197, 120003 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140960

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Kinetic study of mixed glucose and fructose fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the presence of Ca ion

H. Hargono, Bakti Jos, Teguh Riyanto and Dhiya’ Acfira Tsaniatri

AIP Conference Proceedings 2197, 120004 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140961

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Study of the rate of adsorption of toxic gases in shrimp ponds using Sukabumi natural zeolite

Indro Sumantri, Luqman Buchori, Fiqky Akbar Widya Mukti, Fitra Ramadhani and Didi Dwi Anggoro

AIP Conference Proceedings 2197, 120005 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140962 SHOW ABSTRACT 

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Effect UV Irradiation and Ozonation(O 3 ) Process for Degradation of Copper from Electroplating Wastewater

Aji Prasetyaningrum

^{1, a)}

, Dessy Ariyanti

^{1, b)}

, Hantoro Satriadi

¹

, S. Suherman

¹

, P. Purwanto

¹

, Bambang Pramudono

¹

and G. R. Prinanda

^{1, c)}

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof. Soedarto, KampusUndipTembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia

a)

Corresponding author: ajiprasetyaningrum@gmail.com

b)

dessy.arianti@che.undip.ac.id

c)

gianrestuprinanda@students.undip.ac.id

Abstract. Copper (Cu) is one of the most common pollutant of the plating industrial wastewater. UV irradiation and ozonation (O3) treatment will enhance reduction of heavy metals pollutans in electroplating wastewater such as copper (Cu). This research intended to study the performance of degradation of Cu using UV irradiation and ozonation (O3) treatment. The research uses variable proses are the intensity of UV irradiation and the ozon flowrate. UV irradiation equipped with UV-lamp tube (8 W, 16 W and 24 W). Ozonation process was carried out at different flowrate (3 L.min-1, 5 L.min-1 and 7 L.min-1). Experiment was done at room temperature and initial pH reaction adjusted at pH 8. Synthetic copper wastewater was prepared at the initial concentration of 150 mg.L-1. The reduction of Cu concentration was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The results of this research showed that treatment of UV and O3 have significant effect for degradation of copper pollutant. The treatment of UV irradiation and ozonation (O3) reduced of Cu contaminant until 48.9% and 66 %, respectively after 60 min of reaction.

Keyword: degradation, Cu, ozonation, UV irradiation

INTRODUCTION

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are promising and effective to remove contaminants in wastewater [1,2].

The basic principle of AOP involves the production of hydroxyl radicals (HO•), which can be generated from hydrogen

peroxide (H2O2), ozone, photo-catalysis, or oxidants in combination with using ultraviolet (UV) radiation [3]. Ozone is one of the most powerful commercially available oxidants and is commonly used for municipal water and wastewater treatment. In addition to its ability to oxidize, it is an environmentally friendly treatment method where pollutants, including color, odor and microorganisms are directly destroyed by oxidation, without creating harmful chlorinated by-products or significant residues [4].

UV radiation and ozonation (O3) are excellent treatment methods for different hazardous wastes [5]. Ozonation and irradiation using UV spectra has been a potential option for in wastewater treatment [6,7,8]. The operational condition such as ozone flow rate and pH are very beneficial for quality of effluent [9,10]. However, during the process, there are so many uncertainty condition such as UV irradiation intensity and ozone flow rate. The aim of this study was to compare UV radiation and ozonation processing for the degradation of heavy metals (Cu) in electroplating wastewater. This research is carried out to evaluate the variable process of UV irradiation and ozonation (radiation intensity and ozone flowrate) in reducing Cu content in the wastewater. The parameters of the process are

Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Chemical Process and Product Engineering (ICCPPE) 2019 AIP Conf. Proc. 2197, 110001-1–110001-5; https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5140954

Published by AIP Publishing. 978-0-7354-1948-3/$30.00

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Synthesis of free standing TiO 2 nanostructures (FSTNS) via hydrothermal process for organic photocatalytic

degradation

Dessy Ariyanti

^{1, a)}

, Aprilina Purbasari

^{1, b)}

, Marissa Widiyanti

^{1, c)}

and Wei Gao

^{2, d)}

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro Semarang, Indonesia 50275

2 Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, the University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand

a)

Corresponding author: dessy.ariyanti@che.undip.ac.id

b)

aprilina.purbasari@che.undip.ac.id

c)

rissa_wd@yahoo.com

d)

w.gao@auckland.ac.nz

Abstract. The superiority of TiO2 nanoparticle for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutant has been acknowledged in many researches. However, the powder form of TiO2 face new challenge related to its recovery after photocatalytic process. In this paper the synthesis of free standing TiO2 nanostructures (FSTNS) via hydrothermal process were reported.

The effect of hydrothermal processing time at temperature 180^oC to the FSTNS properties were observed. The optimum FSTNS was synthesized at 180^oC in 18 hours by using acetone as oxidation agent. The synthesized FSTNS was effectively able to degrade the organic pollutant (Bromothymol blue) via photocatalysis under black light illumination.

INTRODUCTION

Almost 80% of wastewater is simply discharged into the environment without further treatment, including domestic waste and 300-400 cubic tons of industrial waste

^{1, 2}

. In Indonesia, industrial wastewater, domestic wastewater and commercial wastewater are the largest contributors of the total wastewater. According to the Indonesian Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), domestic and industrial wastewater have a high pollution potential due to the lack of affordable technology to be applied in the wastewater treatment system

³

.

Wastewater contains various components such as colloidal particles, pathogenic microorganisms, inorganic pollutants and organic pollutants. Domestic and industrial wastewater both small and medium contain more organic components with a COD value of 7000-10,000 ppm

³

. Organic components include dyes, pesticides, fertilizers, hydrocarbons, phenols, plasticizers, biphenyl, detergents, oils, fats, pharmaceutical ingredients, proteins and polysaccharides

^4-6

.

At present, organic wastewater treatment still relies on biological methods such as aerobic and anaerobic processes.

This process can degrade organic pollutants, but the time required is very long and this process is very vulnerable to environmental changes

^{5, 6}

. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are relatively new destructive technologies and can be used as an alternative for wastewater treatment processes that contained organic components. The basic principle

of this process is the formation of hydroxyl radicals (• OH) which can degrade organic pollutants to form minerals.

One of the technologies categorized as AOP is photocatalysis with semiconductor material TiO

2

. In photocatalytic oxidation process UV / TiO

2

hydroxyl radicals (• OH) are generated by the illumination of ultraviolet light into the surface of TiO

27, 8

. TiO

2

has high photoreactive properties and chemical stability compared to other materials

⁹

.

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Computation and Numerical Modeling of Fuel Concentration Distribution and Current Density on

Performance of The Microfluidic Fuel Cell

Yusuf Dewantoro Herlambang

^{1, a)}

, Anis Roihatin

¹

, Kurnianingsih

^{2, b)}

, Totok Prasetyo

¹

, Shun-Ching Lee

³

and Jin-Cherng Shyu

³

1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Semarang Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH Temabalang Semarang 50275, Indonesia

2Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Semarang Jl. Prof. Sudarto, SH Temabalang Semarang 50275, Indonesia

3Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology 415 Jiangong Rd, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan

a)

Corresponding author: masyusufdh@polines.ac.id

b)

kurnianingsih@polines.ac.id

Abstract. This study numerically investigates current density and fuel concentration on the performance of microfluidic fuel cells that breathe air as an oxidant. The microfluidic fuel cells having a microchannel width of 1.0 mm and 50 μm in- depth with an electrode spacing of 0.3 mm. The concentration formic acid of 0.3 M, 0.5 M, and 1.0 M mixed with 0.5 M sulfuric acid (supporting electrolyte) in aqueous solution was used as fuel and another inlet a stream of 0.5 M sulfuric acid as an electrolyte which were varied at an inlet flow rate of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 mL/min. First, a three-dimensional microfluidic fuel cell model was established using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.1 to simulate the fuel cell performance. Subsequently, both V-I curves obtained from simulation and published experimental data under similar operating condition were compared to assure the validity of the simulation. The transport phenomena in the microfluidic fuel cells were formulated with continuity equation, momentum equation, species transport equation, and charge equation. The porous media flow in the gas diffusion layer was described by Brinkman equation. The Butler-Volmer equations were applied to get the V-I curves. The maximum power density of the fuel cell at 0.7 mL/min fed with 0.3 M, 0.5 M, and 1.0 M formic acid for the measured was approximately 27 mW/cm², 30 mW/cm², and 36 mW/cm², respectively, while for the simulation was approximately 21.64, 29.82, and 36.57 mW/cm², respectively.

Keywords: air-breathing; microfluidic, fuel cells; formic acid; fuel utilization

INTRODUCTION

The development of novel miniaturized fuel cell based on MEMS (micro electro mechanical systems) are considered as promising candidate of alternative power sources for future generation due to its potentially wide range applications in portable devices [1-5], such as cell phones, laptop, clinical diagnostics, small stationary power etc.

Microfluidic cells have some significant intrinsic advantages than conventional Li-battery [6-8], i.e. fuel cell ability to continuously generate power as long as both fuel and oxidant are supplied into the cell, higher energy density, longer lifetimes without replaced and recharged periodically, more reliable related in diverse power input, no emissions and no pollutions, and no interrupts if integrated into the system. Power sources are corresponding for fuel cell applications is batteries in which the use of a longer operating time without needed frequent recharging power.

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Green Technology in Treating Aquaculture Wastewater

Ahmad Jusoh

^1,3,a)

, Nurfarahana Mohd Nasir

^1,b)

, Fareza Hanis Mohd Yunos

^1,c)

, Hajjar Hartini Wan Jusoh

^1,d)

and Su Shiung Lam

^2,3,e)

1School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Terengganu, Malaysia

2Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Eastern Corridor Renewable Energy Group, School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

3Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Terengganu, Malaysia

a)

Corresponding author: ahmadj@umt.edu.my

b)

farrah7690@gmail.com

c)

farezahanis@gmail.com

d)

hajjarhartini@yahoo.com

e)

lam@umt.edu.my

Abstract. Aquaculture contributes a large number of world food supplies which increases rapidly over these few years.

Similarly, there is a huge development of aquaculture in Malaysia over the years. However, aquaculture activities generate wastewater with high in nutrients where developing a proper treatment system is crucial. An appropriate wastewater treatment is needed to reduce uncontrolled pollution and environmental impacts while sustaining the development of aquaculture industry. Hence, this study focuses on the implementation of green technology method namely physical and biological in treating aquaculture wastewater. Major effect of releasing wastewater that is rich in nutrients is mainly eutrophication. This problem could be mitigated utilizing microalgae whereby the nutrients used as feed for microalgae growth. However, excess nutrients will cause undesirable consequences such as algal blooms due to the rapid growth of microalgae. Therefore, harvesting microalgae after treating the wastewater helps in the prevention of this problem. Current microalgae harvesting technology depends on sophisticated and complex approaches such as hollow fiber filtration, chemical flocculants and centrifugation, which are deemed feasible if high value products were obtained. The potentiality of Moringa oleifera, filamentous fungus (Aspergillus niger), microalgae (Ankistrodesmus sp.), Biofloc Technology (BFT) and chitosan as bio-flocculant were investigated in harvesting microalgae, Chlorella sp.. This type of development in phytoremediation and phycoremediation with continuous bio-harvesting could promote the use of sustainable green technology for effective aquaculture wastewater treatment.

AQUACULTURE

Aquaculture is known as the growing of aquatic animal and plant. It ranges from cultivation of fish in simple naturally occurring pond in rural areas to a complex intensive culture of commercial fish in fiberglass tanks.

Aquaculture globally has undergone a rapid growth from a production of less than a million tons in the early 1950s to over than 50 million tons in the present. World aquaculture production is growing about 8 to 14% annually as compared to 1.5% for capture fisheries

¹

. Besides, aquaculture in Malaysia has developed tremendously from a small- scale family pond to a large commercial scale. However, about 90% of the contribution came from capture fisheries sector and only 10% is produced from aquaculture

¹

. Malaysia normally exports most of its high value fish to foreign market includes United States, Singapore, Japan, Italy and China. The main commodities produced include shrimp, high grade fish and mollusk. The most commonly practiced aquaculture system is aquaculture pond, cage aquaculture, raceway aquaculture system and recirculating aquaculture system. On top of that, the combination of hydroponic vegetable production and fish aquaculture production which is known as aquaponic is also gained popularity in Malaysia.