Reggy Aldynov Alamsyah Student Date Approved by: Dr

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By

Reggy Aldynov Alamsyah 11302028

BACHELOR’S DEGREE in

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY The Prominence Tower

Jalan Jalur Sutera Barat no. 15, Alam Sutera Tangerang, Banten 15143 - Indonesia

August 2017

Revision after the Thesis Defence on 19 July 2017

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Reggy Aldynov Alamsyah STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR

I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published or written by another person, nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at any educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis.

Reggy Aldynov Alamsyah

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Student Date

Approved by:

Dr. Maulahikmah Galinium, S.Kom., M.Sc.

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Thesis Advisor Date

Dipl. -Inf. Kho I Eng

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Thesis Co-Advisor Date

Dr. Ir. Gembong Baskoro, M.Sc

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Dean Date

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Reggy Aldynov Alamsyah ABSTRACT

A STUDY OF DIGITAL IDENTITY ON SOCIAL MEDIA

AMONG TEENAGERS (CASE STUDY: XYZ SCHOOL AND XYZ UNIVERSITY)

By

Dr. Maulahikmah Galinium, S.Kom., M.Sc., Advisor Dipl. -Inf. Kho I Eng, Co-Advisor

SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY

In this era of digitalization, identity has changed from the form of physical to digital.

Digital identity is the portrait we get from the internet, whether it is from social media, or services online. This study aims to analyze teenagers attitude towards identity management as expressed in social media by using conceptual framework; genres of participation, networked publics, peer-based learning, and new media literacy. (Ito et al., 2010) and to find common behaviors and attitudes for teenagers towards digital identity. In total of 160 students from both XYZ School and XYZ University completed a questionnaire. The findings shows that teenagers are well adapted to the new media, they engage in social media largely for the purpose of socializing on daily basis, with the majority of teenagers agree in the “friendship-driven” participation rather than

“interest-driven”. With networked publics, they believe that getting information with social media is the fastest route. They also convinced that by using social media they gain new skills or knowledge with peer-based learning. Lastly, from new media literacy aspects, teenagers were neutral when being asked that their identity online and offline are similar and an accurate reflection of who they are.

Keywords: Digital Identity, Social Media, Teenagers, Conceptual Framework, New Media, Students.

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Reggy Aldynov Alamsyah DEDICATION

I dedicate this thesis to the World.

And, to you researchers who finds this research useful.

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Reggy Aldynov Alamsyah ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thank you Allah.

Thank you my parents for giving me birth and raising me.

Thank you my advisor, Mr. Maula and my co-advisor Mr. Kho.

And all my friends.

Thank you.

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Reggy Aldynov Alamsyah TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR ... 2

ABSTRACT ... 3

DEDICATION ... 5

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... 6

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... 7

LIST OF FIGURES ... 9

LIST OF TABLES ... 10

CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION ... 12

1.1 Background ... 12

1.2 Research Problems ... 13

1.3 Research Objectives ... 13

1.4 Significance of Study ... 13

1.5 Research Questions ... 14

1.6 Hypothesis ... 14

CHAPTER 2 - LITERATURE REVIEW ... 15

2.1 Social Media ... 15

2.2 Digital Identity ... 18

2.2.1 Genres of Participation ... 20

2.2.2 Networked Publics ... 20

2.2.3 Peer-based Learning ... 20

2.2.4 New Media Literacy ... 21

2.3 Related Work ... 22

CHAPTER 3 – RESEARCH METHODS ... 23

3. 1 Research Methodology ... 23

3.2 Designing Questionnaire ... 23

3.2.1 Questionnaire ... 24

3.2.2 Questionnaire Sample Size ... 24

3.2.3 Pilot Study ... 25

3.2.3.1 Pilot Study Sample Size ... 26

3.2.3.1 Pilot Study Questionnaire ... 26

3.2.3.3 Pilot Study Validity Test ... 30

3.2.3.4 Pilot Study Reliability Test ... 33

3.3 Data Gathering ... 36

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3.5 Extract Data Sets ... 37

3.5.1 Data Filtering ... 37

3.5.2 Data Coding ... 37

3.6 Data Analysis ... 37

3.6.1 Questionnaire First Part ... 37

3.6.2 Questionnaire Second Part... 38

CHAPTER 4 – RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS ... 40

4.1 Analysis Result (Actual Study) ... 40

4.1.1 Questionnaire Part 1 Result ... 40

4.1.1.1 Respondent’s Information ... 41

4.1.1.2 Respondent’s using Social Media ... 44

4.1.1.3 Respondent’s Interest towards Social Media ... 45

4.1.1.4 Respondent’s Usage of Social Media ... 47

4.1.1.5 Respondent’s Time Spend on Social Media ... 48

4.1.1.6 Respondent’s Main Reason using Social Media ... 49

4.1.2 Questionnaire Part 2 Result ... 51

4.1.2.1 Standard Deviation and Mean ... 51

4.1.2.1.1 Genres of Participation (GOP) Dimension ... 51

4.1.2.1.2 Networked Publics (NP) Dimension ... 55

4.1.2.1.3 Peer-based Learning (PBL) Dimension ... 58

4.1.2.1.4 New Media Literacy (NML) Dimension ... 61

4.1.2.2 SPSS AMOS ... 65

4.1.2.2.1 Experiment 1: All ... 65

4.1.2.2.2 Experiment 2: XYZ School vs XYZ University ... 66

4.1.2.2.3 Experiment 3: Gender ... 66

4.1.2.2.4 Experiment 4: Social Media Usage ... 67

CHAPTER 5 – CONCLUSIONS AND RECCOMENDATIONS ... 68

5.1 Conclusions ... 68

5.2 Recommendations ... 68

5.3 Future Research ... 68

GLOSSARY ... 69

REFERENCES ... 71

APPENDICES ... 74

CURRICULUM VITAE ... 97