The report outlines the following ten principles for Shanghai’s urban regeneration:
1. Establish a Long-Term Vision – The report calls for decision makers to take a long-term strategic view of the city and its ongoing regeneration.
Underused development sites should not be viewed and developed in isolation, but rather they should be considered as part of a much wider masterplan for the area, which will deliver value and benefits to the city and its residents over the longer-term. The vision for the city should not just reflect physical development but should also consider economic, social and environmental impacts and should also integrate land, transportation and economic development initiatives.
2. Design for People – Plans for the city should be people-focused, with streets designed to a human scale. People should be prioritized over cars in masterplans and transport infrastructure should be integrated into development to increase connectivity. The city should be accessible to people of all ages and abilities and interactivity should be encouraged through cultural amenities and public spaces. The report highlights the case study of the Life Hub @ Daning in Shanghai as an exemplar of how prioritizing people in development plans can result in the creation of thriving and desirable neighborhoods.
3. Conserve Cultural Heritage – In developing the city to the highest international standards, the unique cultural identity and character of Shanghai should not be lost. For example, historically, many locals lived in shikumen buildings – a uniquely Shanghainese version of a row house that blended Western and Chinese influences and combined into lilong, or alley communities. The sense of communal living that this housing brought about should be re-created in urban regeneration projects. The report highlighted the achievement of the Xintiandi development in the city, which transformed old shikumen buildings into a thriving restaurant and retail center.
4. Create Integrated Networks – The report calls for greater connectivity in the city enabled by the creation of integrated networks in terms of
transportation, parks, commerce, and other functions. Shanghai’s ever- growing metro network should be linked to other modes of transportation including rail, bus, car, bicycle and pedestrian access. The report
encourages thinking such as the 2013 Shanghai Transportation Development White Paper, which calls for the development of an integrated transport system.
5. Optimize Land Use – The report emphasizes the highest and best use of a site is not necessarily one that produces the highest gross floor area or the greatest financial return, but is one that is appropriate for its place, able to respond to changing needs, and is built for the long term. Land use should be intensified especially around subway stations and important transportation nodes, not just to create density, but also to create
vibrancy, viability, flexibility, diversity, complexity and quality. The report highlights the need to make sites financially viable and attractive to developers in order to encourage regeneration and for zoning laws to be flexible to allow changes of use for sites. The city’s current residential
building codes should be revisited as the rules drawn up for its historic three story housing are no longer suitable for new 30 story apartment blocks.
6. Vitalize Public Space – Public space of all sizes in the city should be encouraged. However, the emphasis should be on making the space accessible, available and engaging to everyone. Use of open spaces should be encouraged by installing areas for exercise, civic events or cultural performances. The report highlights the opportunity to create public spaces around many of the new metro stations, an opportunity which so far has been largely overlooked.
7. Foster Collaboration – A wide array of skilled people are needed to deliver successful urban regeneration and collaboration between these individuals is key to success. City leaders should play an active role in encouraging this collaboration and the needs and views of the end user should be considered throughout the development process
8. Build Healthy and Sustainable Communities – In developing sites, onsite natural resources should be protected and preserved and construction should be minimally invasive. Environmentally friendly materials should be used for construction, and buildings should be designed and built to be energy efficient. Developments should be designed with the health of residents in mind, with pedestrian and bicycle access prioritized over car usage. Sustainability initiatives need to think beyond the building site.
They should encourage pedestrian- and bike-friendly communities by prioritizing public transit, small blocks, dense road networks, and mixed- use developments.
9. Integrate Economic Development – In regenerating an area of the city, there is an opportunity to change its use or purpose to bring higher
productivity, greater vibrancy and more jobs. Industries can be clustered to bring economic growth and provide an area with a new identity. In Shanghai, the West Bund (Xuhui Binjiang) uses media and culture
industries as the centerpiece of its economic development, resulting in a unique look and feel to the area. The report discusses how universities can play a critical role in urban regeneration and showcases Knowledge &
Innovation Community (KIC) in Yangpu District located next to many of the city’s universities that has fostered many knowledge-based start-ups and attracted many leading hi-tech companies to the district.
10. Promote Diversity – and Make It Beautiful! – Shanghai should embrace functional, demographic and aesthetic diversity. Functional diversity can be promoted through incorporating a mixture of uses into developments that increase the amount of time an area remains active each day.
Demographic diversity helps ensure that people do not become priced out of areas, but in Shanghai this will need revision of current legislation to include incentives for building affordable housing in urban areas. Aesthetic diversity provides visual interest and can be encouraged by using multiple architects and large scale regeneration projects. Lastly, the report
encourages emphasis on quality design, execution, materials and management.
