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REPRESENTATION OF THE KING'S RHETORICAL POWER IN THE KING’S SPEECH
Aprida Anggraini1, Irma Rasita Gloria Barus2, Wildatussholiha Ridwan3 IPB University
Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
*Email: apridaanggraini@apps.ipb.ac.id
Abstract
This writing aims to portray King George VI (Bertie) in the film The King Speech. The history of this writing tells how a king is not fluent in speaking. The icon is used to deconstruct the meaning contained in this film reflects the icon of the king in the film "The King Speech", such as the level of actuality, representation, and ideology. This methodology is used to obtain data comprehensive so that the researcher conducts qualitative data analysis interactively and continuously with the following stages: reduction, presentation, verification, and conclusion. This film represents a king who is different from other rulers. This king has a stuttering problem but he has the advantage of speaking in front of his subjects. This writing describes the efforts of a king who stuttered to speak eloquently and loudly in front of his people, but he realized he had many shortcomings he could not escape from his position as king. Since the country's situation is unpredictable, it must be able to convey a message that he wanted to convey through a state speech. In the end, he received a speech that was quite satisfying, able to build enthusiasm in the community and build the spirit to be calm and united in the face of a disaster.
Keywords: King's Speech, Film, Stuttering
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INTRODUCTIONWhen an artist or filmmaker enters a room where they are creating, they employ a range of tactics to assist them to get their point over (Womack, 2013). Their primary objective is to create something for the audience, which they refer to as a witness. For a vast and diversified audience, rhetoric develops writers' conceptions as well as their distinct sense of reality (Herrick, 2020). When you only have one person to engage with, chatting is crucial.
Bond and Gasser (Bond and Gasser, 2014).
A nation's leader, on the other hand, must cope with all of his people, which requires the ability to communicate fluently in dramatic political settings (Barbers, 2017).
What makes the King's fight against talk- boosting so compelling is that this particular element isn't just about the owner's speech impairments, but also about the drama in several other layers of the plot (Bgue et al, 2015). His subjects saw him as someone who spoke for them and on their behalf, as the duke mentioned. The Kings is a study of the power of words over individuals and huge groups of people. (2017, Wrong). Rhetoric is dependent on the audience, and Bertie's inhibitions are a result of her Imperial audience's pressure, as well as her dreadful father and family's treatment of her and her need for "correction."
2012 (Poulakos). In this story, our protagonist must overcome the bitter experiences that make up his tumultuous reign of joy. because seeing the main characters overcome their difficulties
gives them hope and strength to face their challenges (Samuel and Thompson, 2021).
Another thorn in the King's side is his tumultuous relationship with his brother (Conger, 2020). For most of his life, he was overshadowed by his brother Edward VIII, who was the legitimate successor to the kingdom when his father died (Adams, 2013). Every doctor Duke saw had a new treatment to try, but none of them had been successful in treating his speech issue (Raghu, et al, 2013).
Because an intelligent audience knows that this strategy is likely to fail, and we all know that cigarettes are damaging to one's health in our current age (Balibar, 2008), the filmmaker uses dramatic irony and logos to play tricks on the audience in this scene (2012). This is the expression of a desperate guy, both frustrated and hopeful, hoping that this small stick of tobacco will solve all of his questions. The scene that follows depicts one of the many treatments that a specialist tried but failed to help him overcome his speech challenges (Fromm, 2020).
As a result, the Duchess of York paid a secret visit to Lionel Logue, an unconventional speech therapist (Heatherton, 2016).
Nonetheless, this speech therapist is aware that he must tolerate what he is saying. He also understood the significance of regulations, terms of reference, and suitable location (McNaughton and Light, 2013). Logue lacks legitimacy, which he understands is unimportant for his ability to aid people but is a
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vexing personality trait if you follow his guidelines (Zietsma et al, 2017).I'm sure King sensed something special about the doctor, but he was confined by his formal education and Logue's rudeness. Plus, I'm sure Duke and Logue adore rules and regulations, and Lionel's rigorous standards make it easy for Bertie to obey them. These constraints compel Bertie to entirely trust, fostering a deep bond between the two men (Berlant and Edelman, 2013). Flying right into it. Rather than pressuring the learner to be solid, the teacher allows the student to lead. He transforms the uncomfortable into something positive by redefining the criteria for judging the King's Speech. "However, I am unable to communicate." This is a fantastic video about a man who discovers his voice and realizes that he can communicate. The film is a type of mass communication media or mass communication, i.e. today's communication via mass media (Herr and Anderson, 2014). The film is part of the mass culture that arose in tandem with the development of urban civilization and industry.
The film also has duality as a mirror or representation of society. The film, according to Victor C. Mambo, is a recording of the social life of a society (T Evenson and Glasser, 2018).
The film depicts the traces left in the past, how to deal with the present, and human hopes for the future (Van der Ent, 2013). The presence of cinema in society has its meaning compared to other forms of communication.
The film is a medium of artistic expression that provides creative expression, as
well as a medium that describes human existence and the personality of a nation (Klarer 2013). The meeting of these two factors produces film as a medium that has a significant function in society. Movies, on the one hand, can improve people's lives with fun and useful things, but they can also destroy society (Brady, 2015). Films with messages that instill educational values are beneficial, but films that depict values that are detrimental to society, such as violent racism, and so on, are dangerous if enjoyed by the audience and used in real life (Hobbs, 2020).
Procedures are needed to build an intellectual culture in cinema. Outside of the filmmaking process, the process requires the use of human resources, financial resources, and technological capabilities (Staiger, 2021).
This can be realized in a concept promoted by film lovers and how to actualize the theme as a good picture so that film fans can understand the cultural and social values contained in it (Benjamin, 2018). The Indonesian film business is prone to ups and downs. Apart from the issue of the Indonesian economic crisis, the audience's interest in films by Indonesian filmmakers is also less positive. Films in the West, particularly in America, are constantly evolving in terms of quality and variety, with variations and unique theme ideas (Ayittey, 2020). As we all know, Hollywood, America's largest film business, consistently creates amazing films and enters the box office to amaze people around the world, such as
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Titanic, King Kong, Lord of the Rings, Harry Potter, and other movies.Producing a decent and prime film in today's modern era requires very expensive costs because the shooting procedure requires technical complexity which of course costs a lot of money (Lee and Ebong, 2017). It has now been established that the films made are ordinary, but rather films that are very much in line with good graphics, location, sound, and effects, as well as cultural and social values that are acceptable to human existence (Sklar, 2012). As a result, the costs incurred were not in vain because the product received a positive response from the public. As a result, every year there is an award ceremony for the best films, the best performers, and all American cinema fans in the United States (Husereau, 2013). Several nominated films are selected and selected for the top during the year. Finally,
«The King Speech» was chosen as the best picture. The King's Speech garnered 12 awards at this year's Oscars and won four trophies, including best actor.
The Monarch's Speech is the story of a king who struggles to speak publicly. The British people wanted and needed a king with power, intelligence, ence, and, at the very least, good communication skills (Highet, 2015) Since childhood, King George VI has been convinced that he is not worthy of the throne and will never be king. The first sequence of this film does not depict his image of him giving a speech in front of a stadium audience (Seligman, 018). Their relationship begins in
that therapy room, with the stubborn and dogmatic future king hanging out with his flexible but principled therapist (Landreth, 2012) They harbor thoughts and feelings for each other, interspersed with strange and new therapeutic procedures.
After the death of his father, who often suppressed him, King George VI, or Bertie as he was known, was faced with a new challenge (Williams, 2014). why should the King be able to speak clearly when speaking of the state?
But the unthinkable thing happened when Edward chose that woman (Skinner, 217).
Bertie also takes over the country, and relations with Lionel deteriorate rather than improve as Lionel is deemed too pushy for him to overcome his stuttering to become a recognized king (Lirol, 2016).
Hitler finally spread the word that he was going to attack England. At this, Bertie came to her senses and apologized to Lionel for failing to inform his wife and family that the patient being treated at that point was the King of England (Ambros, 2017). The United Kingdom is a monarchy or monarchy, which is a form of governance in which the highest or highest authority is vested in a person or persons, regardless of source, mode of election, or term restriction (Hoppe, 2018). Hereditary kings inherit the throne by the sequence of succession. The monarch, king, or father is usually the elder male heir. The constitution or statute also determines the sequence in which biases alter. The Mammoth Book of British
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Kings and Queens, Robinson, London (Kokkonen and Sundell 2014).In general, a king has advantages such as firmness in managing the people, firmness in making choices, good speeches, the ability to charm, and so on (Hunt and Morgan, 2017) However, this one king was stiff, stubborn, and had a speech impediment or stuttered in public.
He is lacking in leadership and charm. King George VI is the reigning king (Bartlett, 012) In modern times, international leaders, such as US President Barack Obama, are among the most reliable orators. He became one of the leaders who had charisma when he spoke, such as speaking his belly in Chicago (Drucker, 012). A strong and able to talk well during a speech, such as Obama's, is needed by a country, especially if the country is in a less favorable situation, so that he may send a message and gain the sympathy of the people.
When a country's political situation is in disarray, the rulers are accused of acting out of boredom when they are in the middle of nowhere (Ramalingam 2013).
Charisma is like a spring that never runs out. Individuals, followers, and situations all contribute to charisma, according to Joseph Nye in The Powers to Lead (Ahmed, 2012).
According to Weber, a leader's charisma can be obtained in various ways, including family relationships, lineage, and institutions (Tucker, 2017.
Thus, Bung Karno obtained the charisma of the King of Kediri Jayabaya and the King of Bali Sisinggaraja through his ancestors
(Wanandi, 2012). This type of charisma is often short-lived if the individual concerned is not able to apply his charisma to intangible evidence, such as the failure of the leader to address the challenges facing his community (Veldman, 2015). A country does need quality leaders like Obama and Bung Karno. In the film The Monarch Speech, this is reversed with the figure of a leader or king.
When the country's circumstances are tumultuous, the King who is trusted falls short of the people's expectations just because he stutters in public (Organski and Kugler, 2015).
When a person's incapacity to communicate becomes a major issue, he gets exalted to the throne. Destiny chose to perform the profession she despised the most, which was public speaking (Groves et al, 2015).
According to the film The King's Speech, King George struggled with stuttering his entire life as a result of delayed therapy (Guitar, 2013). A king, on the other hand, must deliver a brilliant speech because his eloquence in speaking will surprise the people and enable them to accept the words communicated by a leader (Balkin, 2017).
WRITING METHOD
The use of theories and writing methods needed by the author underpins the usage of normative writing approaches in writing and thesis writing (Cruz, 2019). The data collection technique used in this paper is library research, which is the process of gathering information
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by doing searches and reviewing library items (Thomas et al, 2015).RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Rhetoric Analysis
King George VI of England addressed the country on September 3, 1939, explaining who they were and why they were in such a situation (Calder, 2012). King George VI built his ethos, pathos, and logo of the people by properly delivering his argument for Germany by employing the argument, appropriately addressing his audience, and dealing effectively with his speech faults delivery (Chan et al, 2012).
King George VI skillfully offers a solid argument in favor of war by including logos, pathos, and ethos (Higgins and Walker, 2012).
«Many times we have tried to find a peaceful way out of the issues between us, and they are now our enemies (Pinker 2013), » he said to support this direct action. To connect with his audience, he does it by modeling a caring leader during a dark period. The second point King George offers is that the acts he performed were driven by the atrocities perpetrated by their opponents (Brown, 2018)
The King of England appealed to the people's logo by outlining Germany's numerous wrongdoings and emphasizing the importance of swift action (Gerbaudo, 2018). It also appeals to the concept that the UK, as moral citizens of the world, should feel obligated to aid one another (Higgins and Walker, 2012).
King George VI defined his audience and his
relationship with them from the start of his speech, establishing mutual trust and obligation. To elicit their ethos and pathos, King George also strives to establish personal contact to combine his people's energies for future initiatives (Luria, 2014). e encouraged all citizens to act to the best of their abilities, both physically and emotionally, displaying his faith in Britain's strengths (Sherif, 2015). Following that, King George VI used an emotional appeal to their attention, or attitude, by reinforcing British citizens' religious consciousness. «With God's aid, we shall be successful if each of us is faithful to you and willing to do whatever duty or sacrifice is required.» He petitioned faith and a feeling of people's civic and moral responsibilities to their fellowmen by stressing their religious nature. King George VI successfully appealed to the many aspects of his citizens' emotions, beliefs, and logic by categorizing them (Rask and King, 2013).
His speech required a low, solemn tone that corresponded to King George's speaking style minus the stutter. The way the situation was presented and shown made it feel significant. As a result, King George's need to speak slowly extends beyond what he said in his first wartime speech (Dorlin g et aget16).
This presentation drew their attention since it evoked the sights and sounds of the period. For five minutes and forty-five seconds, British citizens were required to listen more intently and reply more powerfully due to the perceived seriousness. Radio skills and usage, are relatively new items for the majority of people
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(Crowther et al, 2017). Many people feel he will show to be an inept king because he stutters a lot and never employs updated technology. King George VI is a British monarch who reigned (Hobolt, 2016).King George VI struggled his entire life to overcome the challenges he had faced, something he never succeeded in doing, yet he was able to control himself enough to win numerous countries in one word (Drucke, 2018). Several times in brief addresses to his subjects, King George used ethos, pathos, and logos, and found early sympathy for the war effort. It even spawned a Hollywood blockbuster (Swedberg, 2018).
Speech Genre Features
We'll start with Queen Elizabeth I's speech to the troops at Tilbury, delivered on August 9, 1588, as an example of a different type of speech. Harangue in a speech that is encouraging, motivating, and inviting, and it is delivered on the battlefield (MacCaffrey, 2014). When the King or Queen spoke at the commencement of the British Parliament's work, the two remarks analyzed were not part of the parliamentary discourse (Schreiber et al, 2012).
These lectures, on the other hand, are not propaganda speeches with clear ideological appeals. Speech refers to royal rhetoric in the broad definition of the term, which might include deliberative or political rhetoric if certain characteristics are present. Queen
Elizabeth II's remarks can be classified as virtual and visual royal rhetoric or multimodality royal rhetoric. The address of King George VI lasted roughly 5 minutes. The address of Queen Elizabeth II lasted just over 4 minutes (Lord, 2012). "King George: Outbreak of War Speech, September 3, 1939" begins the video clip by stating the status quo and the circumstances, respectively.
speech structure features
The situation is not openly expressed, no direct proposals are given, templates and cliches are lacking, and ideologues are absent, according to a comparison of the two speeches.
"We require (MacCarthy and Jayarathne, 2012) for the second time in most of our lives." Even though he was speaking directly to the audience, he was able to accomplish his goal.
The king concentrates on unification and unity rather than making exaggerated gestures or depicting the enemy (Masip and Herrero, 2015).
Arguments and rhetorical figures
Because of its function as a state statement, King's speech does not contain many distinct arguments. There is no personalizing or concreteness in the King's justification for authority, but rather a statement of causes and principles, commitments, and the monarchy's function (Vandemeulebroucke et al, 2018).
There is no way we could refuse to accept the challenge for the sake of all that we hold dear, and for the sake of love and world peace». The Queen's arguments differ from the King's in that they are more varied (Cohen et al, 2013).
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Arguments from the Queen's personal childhood experience are used to demonstrate her dedication to and accountability in tough times, such as war (Jenks, 2013). We, as children, speak to children who have been evacuated from their homes and sent for their protection from here in Windsor. Many people will have a difficult separation from their loved ones today. But, as before, we know deep down that it's the correct thing to do. Pride in our past shapes our present and future (Dignass et al, 2012).Non-verbal tools used by royal orators The oratorical evaluation of King George VI's voice does not involve adoration;
paralinguistic characteristics eventually grow as a result of therapist training. That is, it is reasonable to value the function of royal rhetoric and commitment to kingship, and he does so to the best of his ability (Gustafson, 2012). King George VI's attire was excellent;
he was dressed in military uniform, as per convention and decorum, and in keeping with the situation and the topic of conversation, the British war effort (James and Berbee, 2012).
Brooches and pearls are part of the king's style and are elements of his image and
reputation built over decades. The Queen's dress code is also impeccable; her dresses are colorful (green has a special feel and spring, life, and a better future), brooches and pearls are part of the king's style and are elements of his image and reputation built over decades (Ramsay, 2021). She emanates dignity all the time, with a calm and serious facial expression.
She is the Queen of confidence and confidence (Huberty et al, 2019)
From a rhetorical standpoint, the video clip is not homogeneous because it incorporates moments of activity of individuals, doctors, and medical personnel amid crises as well as their normal lives and professional commitments (Wang et al, 2018). Other nonverbal aspects of the orator King George VI's behavior cannot be analyzed from legitimate sources, but there is more material offered in the film The King's Speech, which is a work of fiction and art (Waller et al, 2020).
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS As can be seen, the article summarizes the results of the analysis without making any claims to completeness. The findings support the theory that King George VI's and Queen
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Elizabeth II's prayers are part of the history of rhetoric in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries and contribute to the legacy of present royal rhetoric. It was also determined that speeches were delivered using modern media for the period in question: radio in 1939 and theInternet in 2020; taking into account the affordability of communication channels to reach a large audience.
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