The Role of Technology in Educational Media in the Disruptive Era
Kamaruddin Hasan1, Safaruddin2, Rahmi Rais3
Universitas Negeri Makassar1, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Administrasi Al Gazali Barru2, STIA AL Gazali3 E-mail:Kamaruddin. [email protected]1,[email protected]2,[email protected],
Abstract
Technology in its development always brings changes to human life, especially in the world of education which will continue to experience changes. This article aims to determine the role of technology in educational media in an uncertain era. So it is hoped that educational technologists will no longer feel doubtful and interested in adapting and being able to take advantage of technology with all its benefits for educational life. The writing of this article uses the literature review method (library research), in which the researcher collects research-related materials from books, journals, scientific articles, literature and news from the mass media by describing and describing the data.
Based on this discussion, it can be concluded that educational technology was created to solve learning problems by facilitating and providing new alternatives and innovations in the world of education. That way educational technology can make it easier to achieve educational goals.
Keywords: Technology, Education, era of disruption
PRELIMINARY
Education is one of the important aspects to realize and direct people to think critically and idealistically. Education can also be called a link in life. If education does not run properly, this will greatly affect the life of the nation. The progress of a nation is closely related to the quality of education implemented. If education is carried out well then the nation will progress and serene. The next generation of a successful nation is the result of educational success. There is a reciprocal relationship between education and the social life of society. Therefore, education has a big responsibility in delivering the next generation of the nation in facing the times(Samsudin, 2019); (Retnaningsih, 2019).
The era of disruption is characterized by technological evolution that occurs in human life (Hussin, 2018); (Salsabila et al., 2020). In this era we must be able to behave appropriately. There are two choices we can make, whether we will be disrupted or disrupted. To become a disruptive person, we must change our mindset from a fixed mindset to a growth mindset. The first mindset tends not to accept change so that they think that change can interfere with the comfort they already have (stuttering about change), while the second mindset actually wants to create change (Salsabila et al., 2020) (Wijaya, 2020).
The development of today's era, requires humans to be more alert, fast and progressive in accepting existing social changes. The flow of digitalization has brought the world of education into a competitive field the more strict to prove quality yields like other countries. It is undeniable, Indonesia as a developing country certainly adheres to and imitates good external education and if it can have a significant impact on the nation's children in this time of disruption.
According to KBBI, disruption means something that is uprooted or in other terms is a basic or fundamental change. The period of disruption is actually related to technological developments that we know as the Industrial Revolution 4.0 which was first introduced by Professor Klaus Schwab, an economist from Germany in his book, the Fourth Mechanical Revolution that the concept has changed human life and work. This is the era of the industrial revolution, which is marked by a cyber-
physical system that has touched the world and forms human connectivity in terms of machines and information.
The period of disruption or what we usually know as the industrial revolution has many challenges in the world of education. Especially for masters, the challenge is technology, whether it's the use of technology in the learning process or the impact of this technology on student behavior. We cannot deny that today's human activities are more centered on cyberspace, where we have encountered many of these things today(Januar & others, 2017).
Social networking is a new innovation phenomenon that is appreciated by millennials, especially teenagers and adults. Thanks to social networks, everyone can easily access news and information that spreads quickly, so that new opinions emerge after events, both positive and negative.(Febriyanti &
Tutiasri, 2018). Sudibyo said social networking had introduced a new method of social interaction that had taken the world by storm. The number of social media users has seen a huge jump. Social networks are used not only to develop empathy and social understanding between people, but also to commit crimes against others) (Sudibyo, 2019). Social media has become a very popular medium and is widely used by young people today to access various information. According to a survey by the Ministry of Communication and Informatics, 50% of internet users are between 19 and 34 years old, the millennial generation. Generations is the ideal audience for digital marketing, the average time on the internet is 3-4 hours a day (Wargadinata et al., 2020).
The development of increasingly sophisticated technology must be balanced with the progress of education in schools. Currently, technology with all its advantages is able to provide fast and unlimited access to information so that students can obtain learning material easily. This provides a challenge for teachers so that students continue to make teachers the main source of learning for students. Teachers are required to be able to adapt and adjust to all the changes that exist in order to be able to guide and direct students. The teacher must be able to take on his role appropriately so that he remains the person needed in guiding, directing, motivating, and designing learning that takes place in the classroom (Maemunawati
& Alif, 2020).
METHOD
This research uses a literature study approach or library research. According to (Zed, 2004); (Sari &
Asmendri, 2020)literature study is all a series of activities related to library data collection methods, reading, recording and processing research materials. (Zed, 2004) Stating that the literature study method is carried out through the use of literature studies and reference sources, meaning that in conducting library research, researchers do not have to go into the field, simply search for literature and process data relating to the discussion and conclude it. In this research the literature study process was carried out by collecting secondary data from various sources such as books, journals, scientific articles, literature and online mass media coverage. The data collection process was taken from journals, books, scientific articles, literature, online media related to research.
RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Education is a conscious and systematic effort, which is carried out by people who are entrusted with responsibility to influence students so that they have the character and character according to the ideals of education.(Munib & others, 2004) (Simatauw et al., 2021).Educational technology is a business model for planning or designing, implementing and assessing overall learning and teaching activities so
that learning is more specific, using a combination of practical learning resources to achieve the goals of learning activities more effectively. Educational technology can be interpreted as a method for facilitating learning activities by using or utilizing and managing learning resources as visual aids appropriately(Januszewski & Molenda, 2013).
Another opinion states that educational technology is a comprehensive process which involves humans, methods, theories, ideas, media to analyze a problem, plan, select, manage, and utilize everything related to learning activities.(Munir, 2018) (Wahid, 2019). From some of these definitions, it can be concluded that educational technology is a system to facilitate the course of learning activities, both individually and in groups, so that an effective and efficient teaching and learning process is realized, as well as a systematic and critical approach to solving a problem in education and can be make a positive contribution to developing the potential of students.
Along with the times, technology in its development certainly brings changes to life, especially in the world of education which will also continue to experience development. For this reason, the education sector must always carry out comprehensive innovations because the education sector has an important role and is a factor that supports the success of the system in the learning and teaching process. There are three principles that serve as a source of reference in developing and utilizing educational technology, namely, by introducing the system or media to be used, student-oriented, and utilizing various sources used in learning activities.(Sadiman & Rahardjo, 2002) (Salsabila et al., 2020).
Currently, the teaching and learning process applies educational technology by combining tools or media as technological facilities in learning activities. Currently, learning media from technology products are increasingly developing and vary from simple to sophisticated learning media. The technology and learning media used must have the potential to support learning and teaching activities and the most important thing is the interaction between educators and their students. Educational technology can be interpreted as a guide or systematic implementation of education according to a certain system(Nasution, 2010) (Nurdyansyah & Aini, 2022).
Such as the application of technology in the field of education that is used for example Zoom, E- learning has become a facility in which learning activities can be delivered through electronic media such as: audio, video, internet and so on as instruments that facilitate learning activities anytime and anywhere.
Not only that, currently there are also many course institutions that are conducted online to assist learning activities outside of school.(Jamun, 2016) (Khosiah et al., 2021).
The role of educational technology in realizing quality education is 1) providing learning facilities through the process of planning, developing, utilizing, managing and evaluating learning resources; 2) solve existing learning problems and study them thoroughly by integrating various scientific disciplines in an integrated manner; 3) utilizing technology that can make work effective and efficient, both as a product and process to solve learning problems; 4) provide an alternative solution to the problem of structured educational organizational performance using performance and instructional design; 5) can give birth to new innovations in the field of education and teaching to solve existing problems.
Video conferencing such as Google Zoom is a platform that is widely used in this era of pandemic. It is hoped that this can increase human capabilities with various communication media and provide new experiences. Educators who become facilitators in learning must also be able to design learning strategies that are used during this pandemic era, so that students do not get bored easily. Online learning is also inseparable from problems, there are positives and negatives. Therefore, the role of educational technology is needed in order to minimize the negative impact caused by this online learning.
In essence, educational technology exists to solve learning problems in humans where, when, who and with what method.
CONCLUSION
Educational technology is a system that is used to facilitate the course of learning activities both individually and in organizational groups so that effective and efficient learning is realized, and is a systematic and critical approach in solving problems in education. The role of educational technology in improving the quality of education includes a) providing learning facilities through the process of planning, developing, utilizing, managing and evaluating learning resources; b) solve existing learning problems and study them thoroughly by integrating various scientific disciplines in an integrated manner;
c) utilizing technology that can make work effective and efficient, as a product or process of solving learning problems; d) provide alternative solutions to educational organization performance problems in a structured manner using instructional performance and design; 5) giving birth to new innovations in the field of education and teaching to solve existing problems.
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