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B8017 SGGE 2020

First Study on Activated Carbon Made from Gigantochloa verticillata Bamboo for Biogas Purification

2020 2^ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SMART GRID AND GREEN ENERGI, Bali, Indonesia january 13-15 2020

I Putu Hari Wangsa^a, Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia^b,*, Dewa Ngakan Ketut Putra Negara^b

a Master student at Study Program of Master in Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Udayana University, Jimbaran, Bali,80361, Indonesia.

b Study Program of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Udayana University, Jimbaran, Bali, 80361, Indonesia

Background

Purpose

The quality of biogas of low rate digester biogas were found about low methane contents. This situation ca be overcome by design appropriate biogas digester [1], optimize the anaerobic digester process, as well as biogas purification. It was recognize that biogas contents mainly are methane (CH₄), carbon dioxide

(CO₂),hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and moisture. Biogas purification will cover removal of carbon dioxide (CO₂), hiyrogen sulfide (H₂S) and moisture (H₂O).

It is the purpose of this research to explore the production process of activated carbon with Gigantochloa verticillatabamboo as raw material. The

performance of activated carbon made from Gigantochloa verticillatabamboo as biogas purifier will be investigated.

Experimental

The bamboo from species of Gigantochloa verticillata from the tropical source of Indonesia was prepared for this purpose. The bamboo was cut from the three drying under the sun (and cut to small piece

About 300 cm³ dried small piece of bamboo cut was carbonized at 700^oC for 1.5 hours in air-tight chamber made from steel . The sample then was crushed and screen in 3 different particle size, namely 150-250 mesh, 250-350 mesh and 350-450 mesh. About 100 gram of carbonized bamboo from these three variation was activated at 750^oC for 1 hour in around 5100 cm³ steel chamber (L=25 cm, W=17 cm, and H=12 cm) with nitrogen gas (N₂) was flowed with rate 350 ml/minut.

The result of activated carbon with 3 different particle sizes were analyzed by using TGA (thermo gravimetric analyses) for moisture, volatile, ash and fixed carbon

composition test.

Around 15 gram activated from all 3 variations of particle size were set in acrylic tube (D= 5 cm and L=20 cm) for biogas purification as the schematic can be seen in Fig. 2. Around 200 liter raw biogas was collected in PVC bag. The biogas was flowed with flow rate 500 mL/minute.

The biogas composition before and after passing the activated carbon was measure with 3 times repetition. The result was presented in table and graph for easy

comparison.

Experimental

Schematic of biogas purification with activated carbon. 1. Raw biogas in 200 Liter PVC bag, 2. Biogas pump, 3. Biogas analyzer, 4. Activated carbon

Result and Discussion

TGA test result from 3 variations of particle size of activated carbon made from Gigantochloa verticillatabamboo.

Result and Discussion

The performance of activated carbon made from Gigantochloa

verticillatabamboo with 3 variation of particle size as biogas purifier

Result and Discussion

Conclusion

The result indicate that the activated carbon made from Gigantochloa verticillata

bamboo developed in this work has promising result as biogas purifier.

Acknowledgement

This research was funded by grant research of PNBP from Udayana University for the years of 2019