Smithsonian miscellaneous collections

;:iX^cpav-f. incut of. U.. S.. flic. ^nfcrior. NATIONAL MUSEUM.. 12. BULLETIN OF THE. UNITED STATES NATIONAIv MUSEUM.. .TSTo.. 13.. PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.. WASHI]SGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, 1878. 1.

ADVERTISEMENT. Tliis«woik. is. the twelfth of a series of papers intended to illustrate. the collections of Natural History and Ethnology belonging- to the United States and constituting the National Institution. was placed. in. Museum,. of. which the JSmithsouiaa. charge by the act of Congress of August. 10,. 184G. It has. been prepared at the request of the Institution, ami iniiited by. authority of the liouorable Secretary of the Interior.. JOSEPH HENRY^ Secretary oj the Smithsonian In.stKution.. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, May, 1878. 2.

CONTRIBUTIONS ro. NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY BASKD rniMAliU-Y ON THE. COLLECTIONS OF THK UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.. III. A— On the Distribution of the Fishes of the Alleghany Region of Ponth Carolina, Georgia, and Tennessee, with Description." of. New. or Little. Known. IJY. DAVID. JORDAN. S. AND. ALEMBEKT B.. W. BRAYTON^.. —A Synopsis of the Family CatostomidaB.. DAVID. S.. JORDAN,. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1878.. Species..



TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page.. A.— Ou. the ilistributiou of the fishes of the Alleghany Region of South Carolina, Georgia, and Tennessee, with desciiptioDs of new or little known 7. species. 8. List of streams examined. H. Santee Basin Savannah Basin Altamaha Basin Chattahoochee Basin. B.. 29 154. I'9. Alabama Basin. 44. Tennessee Basin Cumberland Basin. ^^>. Eecapitnlation. 82 B2 88. —. '^1. Table showing the distribution of species Distribution of genera Conclusions Synopsis of the family Catostomidai. 91 97. CatostoininiB. 98. Cycleptina". 98 ^9. Bnlialichthyinie List of nominal species. Analysis of genera. 1^"*. lt'3. .*. 104. Genua Quassilabia Qnassilabia lacera. 19(>. 107. Genus Placopharynx Placopharynx carinutus Genus Myxostoma. Myxostoma carpio Myxostoma euryops Myxostoma niacrolepidotum Myxostoma aurcolum Myxostoma crassiiabre Myxostoma conns Myxostoma anisura Myxostoma poccilura Myxostoma albidum Myxostoma cervimiiii ilyxostoma all)um. Myxostoma thalassiuum Myxostoma velatum Myxostoma cougestum Myxostoma pidienso Myxostoma coregonus Myxostoma papillosum Genus Minytrema Minytrema melanops. 108 110. 118 -. 119 120 124 12t». 126 126 128 129 129 130 131. 132. 133 133 134. 134 l-''*. 138.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.. >. Genua Eriniyzon. 140. Eriniyzon sucetta Eriniyzon {joodoi. Genus. 1.14. 148. Chasniisti's. 14'J. Chasinistes fecniulns. Gonns Catostouuis. UiO 1. l.')!. Catostoniuh nigricans. 1G"3. Catostonuis claiki. !(;.">. Catostonins iiisignis. 1(J5. Catostonuis teres. lOfi. Catostonins niacroebilnt!'. 171. Catostonins occidentalis. 17'J. (^atostonuiH labiatns. 17:!. Catostonins atafopns. 17:{. Catostonins talioensis. 17:?. Catostonins rostratiis. 174. Catostonins. ioiii^irostris. 173. Catostonins retrojiinni.s. 17m. Catostonins. 178. Ca. latiiiiniiis. ostonnis discobolus. (^•iins. Pantostens. 171). IbO. I'antostens virescens. itj*. Pantostens ])latyrliyncli lis. 1H:>. Pantostens {jenerosns Pantostens iilebehis. 18:J. Geiins Cyeleptns. .. Cyeleptus elonj^atus (Seiins Carniodes Carniodes dillonnis. 1H4 !;:'(;. 1-<J. 1<10 I'Jo. Car])iodes cntisaiiser.il us. lOo. Carpiodes velif'er Carpiodes bison Carpiodes thonijisoni. 1',I7. I'JG. 198. Carjiiodes eypriiins. I'.I.S. Carjiiodes earpio. 'JOO. Genns Bnbalieblliys Bubal lelitbys bn bains Biiltaiielilhys. urns. Bubaiicbtliys nieridionalis. Genus. leiil liyobiis. Iililiiyobiis. bnbabis. Genns Myxoeyiiriiins Myxoryprinns nsiuticns. JOl. yOG 'JOU iilO. yi. 1. 214 -JI" 'J. 17. Ad<leiidmn. 2il>. Chiisn.istes liorns. 211). CatoHtonins feenndns. 219. Bibliojijrapby. 2*J1. Index. 231.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO. NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. No.. 3.. ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE FISHES OF THE AIj^EGHANY REGION OF SOUTH CAROMNA, GEORGIA, AND TENNESSEE, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW OR LITTLE KNOWN SPECIES. By Dwid. Tbis paper. is. S.. Jordan and Alembert W. Brayton.. based primarily on the collections made by the present. writers, assisted. by Mr. C.. If.. Gilbert,. Butler University, during the past. and a party of students from. summer. (1877), in various. streams of. For the purpose of a more. South Carolina, Georgia, and Tennessee.. complete discussion of questions of geographical distribution, the authors have brought together, wit I) their. ously. made on. own. observations, those previ-. the fish-faunae of the same streams by other writers,. especially the observations on the fishes of the Tennessee Basin. Professor Agassiz. ;*. by. those on the fishes of the basins of the Santeet. (Catawba), Teunessee,f and Cumberland,!] by Professor Cope, and on the fishes of the Cumberland, Tennessee, Alabama, and Altamahai *. Notice of a Colleotiou of Fishes from. Iho State of Alabama. 308 and t. By. t. L. Agassiz.. ha Sout beru. <. Bend. of. American .Journal. tlie. Tcuuessee River, in. Sci. Arts, 11^54, pp.. 207-. 353-3C.'>.. Partial Synopsis of the Fishes of Nortli Carolina.. By E.D.Cope. < Proc.Am.. Philos.. Soc. Phila. 1870, pp. 448-495. t. On. the distribution of Fresh-water Fishes in (he AUejjhany Ke<;i()n of South-western. Virginia.. part II. <. iii,. By. On some Prcc.. E. D. Cope, A. M.. <. Journal Acad. Nat.. Sci. Phila.. new. series, vol. vi,. January, 18G9, pp. 207-247.. Am.. Etheostoniine Perch from Tennessee and North Carolina. Philos. Soc. 1870, pp. 2G1-270.. By. E. D. Cope..

CONTKIBUIIONS TO NOKTII AMEUICAN ICIIXnYOLOOV. 8. The purpose of. basins by Professor Jordau.*. resume of. all. that. III.. tbis pai)cr is to give a. certainly kuowii in regard to tbe icbtbyology of. is. the seven bydrograpbic basins embraced in. scope, viz, tbe Santee,. its. Savannah, Altaniaba, Cbattahoocbe;', Alabama, Tennessee, and Cumbei land. is. For purposes of comparison, a table of distribution of species. added, which includes,. in addition,. what. known. is. of the fish fauna;. of the James, Iloanoke, Xeuse, Great I'edee, and Ohio.. Tbe following amined. in. a classified. is. list. of tbe streams which have been ex-. each water-basin included in this paper, with a word or two. The. suggestive of the character of each stream. case were. made by one. collections in every. or both of the i)reseut writers, unless otherwise. stited. STREAMS EXAMINED.. LIST OF I.. 1.. Catawba Klver and. 2.. Ennoree. 0.. Eeedy River,. 4.. Saluda. —SANTEE BASIN.. tributaries in. Xorth Carolina.. (Deep, muddy, and rapid.). near Chick Springs, S. C.. lliver,. at Greenville Court-House, S. C.. lliver, at Farr's Mills,. (Cope, 1SG9.). (Muddy.). west of Greenville.. (Clear and rapid;. a fine seining-ground.) II.. —SAVANNAH. BASIN.. 1.. Tngaloo River, ITabersham County, Ga., just below mouth of Panther.. 2.. Panther Creek, north of Toccoa City, Ga.. li.. Toccoa Creek,. (Clear, broad rapids.). stream 4.. below. contains. ;. Toccoa. little. Ga.. Falls,. (Clear,. cold mountain-. besides Ilydrophlox rithricroccus.). Toxaway and Chatuga Rivers and side Mountain.. (Clear mountain-stream.). tributaries about the foot of White-. (Clear mountain-streams, abounding in Trout.) III.. — ALT AMAH A. BASIN.. 1.. Oconee Kiver, at Sulphur Springs and. 2.. Ocmulgeo River, Reed's Fish-pond, south. .*}.. Ocmulgee River, South Fork, Flat Rock, De Kalb County, Georgia.. Georgia.. Fuller's Mills, Hall County,. (Clear.). of Atlanta, Ga.. (Ilead-. waters; clear.). (Partly clear. ;. a small. falls,. and a. deej) basin. worn. in. granite rock;. a fine stream for seining.). "A. Partial Synop.sis of the Fiabes of. I'ishe.s. <. Upper Georgia. of Tennessee, Kentiu-ky and Indiana.. Annals N.. V.. Lyceum. ;. with Siip])loaientary Papersoii. By Pavid. Starr Jordan, M. D., Ph.. Nat.'Hist. vol. xi, 1877, pp. 307-;?77.. 1>.

— ON THE FISHES OF THE ALLEGHANY REGION. Ocmnlgeo River, Macon, Ga.. 4.. other. (Collection of Dr. T.. 9. H. Bean and. members of tbe United States Fish Commission.) IV.. — CHATTAnOOCIIEE. BASIN.. 1.. Cbattaboocbee liiver at Sballow Ford, nortbwest of Gainesville, Ga.. 2.. 4.. Suwannee Creek, near Suwannee, Gwinnett County, Ga. (Deep, muddy, and very cold. Contains chiefly Codoma eurystoma.) Peach Tree Creek, just north of Atlanta. (Deep and muddy.) Nancy's Creek, northwest of Atlanta. (Clear and rapid.). 5.. Flint River, in Taylor County.. (Broad, shallow, rapid. 3.. ;. water moderately. in United States National. clear.). (Collection of Dr.. Hugh M.. Neisler. Museum.). — ALABAMA BASIN. A. — Etowah River.. V.. 1.. Pettis Creek, near Cartersville, Ga.. 2.. Silver Creek, near. o.. Dyke's Creek and Pond, near Rome, Ga.. Rome, Ga.. (Clear, rocky.). (Clear, rapid. ;. a fine stream for col-. lecting.). B.. — Oostanaula. (Clear and cold.). River,. 4.. Rocky Creek, near Floyd Springs, Ga.. 5.. John's Creek, near Floyd Springs.. 6.. Lovejoy's Creek, near Floyd Springs.. (A. fine, clear. stream.). (Clear.). (A small sandy. streau:, full. of fishes.) 7.. Big Armuchee Creek, above Rome.. 8.. Big Dry Creek, near Rome.. (A succession of weedy. 10.. Dry Creek, near Rome. Waters's Creek, above Rome.. 11.. Lavender Creek,. 9. Little. in. (Muddy and rocky.) (A small clear. — Coosa. 12.. Beech Creek, near Rome.. 13.. Horse-leg Creek, near Rome.. One. stream.). Rircr.. (Muddy.) (Rocky, clear.). Cedar Creek, at Cave Spring, Ga.. (A. fine, clear,. of the best for the collection of fishes.. stelliferum,'. rock-pools.). (Like the preceding.). Texas Valley, Ga. C.. 14. Little. (Clear.). Hydrophlox chrosomus, Codoma. cold stream.. Abounds callistia,. in. Xenisma. and other. beautiful species.) Z).. Alabama River, near Montgomery, Ala. others, 187C.). (Collection of Dr.. Bean and.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMKKICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. 10. III.. VI.— TENNESSEE BASIN. A.. — Upper. Course.. 1.. Clincli liiviT. trihutarii's in SDiitliwestcni Virginia.. 2.. PowelTs. Ivi\('r, iu*ar. rniiibciIniKl (rap.. 3.. Indian Creek, near CiimbcrlaiKl (lap.. 4.. Station Creek, near ('nnibi'i land (lap.. (Clear.). 5.. Holstou. in. various. River,. (Cope, 18G8.). (Clear.) ((Jlear.). triUntaiics. Southwestern. Virftiuia.. (C(»pe, ISGS.) G.. French Broad River, at Newport, Tenn.. 7.. French Broad River, about. and elsewhere.). Warm. (Rather deep and muddy.). Si)rinji;s,. N. C, Asheville, N. C,. (Rapid, rocky, and generally. (Cope, 18G9.). clear.) 8.. Big rij^eon River, at. 9.. Swannanoa. Cliliton,. River, at foo. Tenn.. (Rather. clear.). of Black Mountain.. (Clear, cold. mount-. ain stream, with trout.). B. 10.. — Lower. Course.. Cliickamauga River, at Ringgold, Ga.. (Rather clear and very. rocky.) 11.. Tributaries of 'J'ennessee River, abiiut Ilunl>ville, .Via.. Newman's. collection,. (Agassiz;. l.So.'j.). 12.. Tributaries of Tennessee River, about Tloreuce, Ala.. (Storer, lS4o.). 13.. Elk River and tributaries, at. ((,'lear, rockj",. and. cold.) VII.. 1.. KoiindStone. 2.. R(i(. Rivei-,. — rUMBEHLANI). Big Laurel River, Laurel County,. 4.. Cundx-rland River, about Pineville,. Cumberland. o.. Yellow Creek,. neai-. G.. South. Cntnbeiland River,. 7.. Cumberland River and. 8.. Stone. liiver,. in. (Clear.). ((Jlear, rocky.). (Rather minldy.) Tennessee.. tributaries, near Nashville.. (Cope, 1SG9.) (Wincliell, 1S7G.). (Clear and rocky.). be noticed that almost without exception the above mentioned. localities are in the bu.sins.. Jvy.. (lap.. Mur freest )oro', Tenn.. (Clear.). (Clear and rocky.). K Mitueky.. 3.. I'ork of. B.\SI.X.. Rock Castle County, Kentucky.. k (Jastle Rivei', Livingston, Ivy.. It will. Tenn.. Estill Springs,. Of. mountainous or upland parts of the. dillirent water-. the hshes iidiabiling distinctively the lowland courses of. most of the streams,. little is. yet delinitely known..

FISHES OF THE SANTEE BASIN.. 11. The Santee, Savannah, Altamaha, and Chattahoochee have been examined only phic rocks.. that part of their course which flows over metamor-. in. The three western streams have been studied The. limestone regions.. litliological. has a certain influence on erally limestone. character of the bed of a stream. its fish-fauna,. streams are richer. chiefly in the. as will be seen hereafter.. Gen-. than those with granitic. in 's[)ecies. bottoms.. The types. new. of the. species described below are deposited in the. United States National Museum at Washington, and. ^le. in. Museum. of. Lutler University, Indianapolis, Indiana.. I.. — SANTEE. BASIN.. Thirty-nine species are ascertained to occur in the headwaters of the. Santee River, thirty-three having been obtained by Professor Coi)e the Catawba River in. in. Of these thirty nine known Irom any other hydrographic. the Saluda and Ennoree in South Carolina.. species,. ten. not as yet. are. These are Alvordins crassus, Noihonotus thalassinus, Ceratlchthys. basin.. :. labrofius, Ccraticlithi/s. zauonns, Codonta pyrrlwmdas^ Codoma chloristio,. Alburnops chloroccphahis, Alburnops saludanus, and. Photoficnis niveus,. Myx'Stoma album.. The apparent absence. of Luxilus cornutus in the. Great Pedee, Santee, Savannaii, Altamaha, and Chattahoochee Basins remarkable, as that. si)ecies is. abundant. in. the tributaries of. the east and the Alabama on the west, as. Minnesota and. The is. in. North Carolina, and thirty by the present writers. New. England.. Next. probably Notroph photogenis.. neus,. thcNeuse on. streams northward to. species most a'jundant as to individuals, in the Saluda at least,. Utsdud CcnitichihysbUjnUatUH.. seems. in all. is. to be the. -Jf. to this. predominant species; of the. and of the Centrarchidw, LepiopomiiN. fishes at Greenville, S. platyecphalus)., the. C,. come Codoma pyirhome-. the Catostomidoi,. are the ". Myxostvma cervinum. Slluridcc,. auritus.. Aminrnn. The. Mud Cats" [Amiurns. br\in-. chief food-. briinncns. and. '"Fine-scaled Sucker" (Catostomiis commcrsoni), the. Eel {AnguiUa vuhj((ris),i\ni "Spotted Sucker" {Minyfrcina mchoiopti), the *•. Perch. " {Lepiopoinvs auritus),. viridis), the. "Jack" {Esox. stoma cervinum).. the ''War-mouth Perch " {Clucnobryttus. reticulatus),. and the " Jumi> Rocks" {Myxo-.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. 12. III. etiieostomatidj:.. ALVORDIUS. Genus 1.. ALVORDIUS CRASSUS,. Etheoatoma vtantlatmn var. Copk. Proc. UadropteritH vuiculatus Girard.). A. Girard.. Am.. sp. nov.. species beaiii)g considerable resemblance. distinctly. marked and more heavily. than that of. tiie. other. members. built, the. of the genus.. and. 449.. (Not. to ^L ospro, but. less. Pliilos. Soc. 1870, 961, 262,. form beiufj. less graceful. Bod}' considerably com-. pressed, the depth 4h times in length to origin of caudal (as in in. Dead comparatively. this paper).. medium, not acuminate as. Eye. A.. in. short, 3^ in length. j)1iox(ceplmlus, nor especially obtuse.. n)oderate, as long as snout, 4 in head.. .Mouth rather small for. genus, nearly horizontal, the upper jaw but. jaw not. cases. all. the snout. ;. projectile: maxillary reaching anterior. tlic.. the longer: upper. little. margin of eye.. Cheeks naked: opercles with a few scales above: back and breast naked: middle enlarged. line of belly in. some specimens naked:. in others with. Scales on the body rather larger than usual, about. i>lates.. 7-55-7.. Fins moderately developed: dorsal XII-I,. an increase. in. number of the. the. decrease in the number noticed,. spines, as usual,. accompanying a. of soft rays, a rule ai)parently not. and perhaps not of general. are well separated, the. Xl-l, 11;. 10, var;sing to. first. api)lication.. The two. hitheito. dorsal (ins. being longer than the second, but consider-. ably lower.. Anal. tin. shorter, but Iiiglicr than second dorsal, II, 0; the. Caudal. ucll developed.. and ventrals. large, their. Coloration rather. with darker, as. in. about equal.. tii)s. ])lain.. General hue olivaceous. the other species of the genus.. ;. eye. rays.. ;. a dark streak forward, and one. First dorsal with a dark spot in front,. the l>ack. marked. Sides with a series. of dark olive, rounded blotches, coniu'ctiMl along the. narrow, dark band. sjiines. Pectorals. deeply lunate, almost furcate.. lin. two. lat( ral. line. by a. downward from. and another on. its. the last. Second dorsal, caudal, and pectorals barred with dark spots.. Anal and ventrals uncolored. J.ength of longest speciniens observed, Jlttbitat.. cially. from. — Saluda, Ennoree,. abundant tile. in. Catawba.. and. ,3. inches.. Iicetly Kivers, in rapid. the Saluda at Farr's Mills.. water, espe-. Also recorded by Cope.

FISHES OF THE SANTEE BASIN.. Genus 2.. Boleoaoma maculaliceps R.). BOLEOSOMA. 16:5.. DeKay.. BOLEOSOMA MACULATICEPS Cope. (1870), Proc.. —JoKDAX & Coi'ELAND. (167C),. Am.. 13. CopC.. Philos. Soc. 269. Check List. and. (Catawba. 450.. (Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Hist.),. (Namoouly.). Arlina maculaticcps. Boltosoma olmstcdi. Jokban (1S77), Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. x, 15. (Name only.) Jordan (1877), Anu. N. Y. Lye. Nat. Hist. 3Grf. (Ocmulj^ee. A siu^^Ie speuiuien. takeu. iti. River.). the Saluda Kiver at Fan's Mills answers. The upper part. closely to Fiolessor Coi)e's descriptioD.. have, however, a few scattering scales.. This species. is. of the cheeks. a true Boleosoma.. Although the type of Boleosoma has but a single anal spine and B.. cfful-. gens and B. muculaticeps have two anal spines, the essential character of. those spines. is. the. same. in. both cases, and the genus Arlina^ based on. a synonym of Boleosoma.. In Boleosoma, the spines are. B.. cffulfjens, is. all. weak and. all. of the other genera of Etheostomatidce, the anal spines are. flexible,. and those. oi the anal especially so.. long, and, with scarcely an exception, the first spin-e. is. In most or stifl'. and. the longer of the. In the species of Boleosoma, with Uco anal spines, the two spines. two.. are unequal, the second the longer, both extremely slender and flexible;. not at. all. " spine"like, except that they are not inarticulate.. feeble condition of the spines. seems. to constitute the chief. This. generic. character of Boleosoma.. Two U.. !S.. of the species provisionally referred. by Professor Jordan. Xat. Mus. x) to ^'Arlina^\ viz, Arlina stigmcea. nis Jor.,. have the anal. si)ines well. .Tor.. and A.. (Bull.. atripin-. developed, as usual in EtlieostomatuJce.. These two species and their congeners apparently constitute a distinct genus, difleriug from Diplesiiim in the toothed vomer and from Notho-* notus in. the. i)rotractile. upper jaw.. For. genus, the. this. name of. Vlocentra (Jordan) has been suggested (Man. Vert. ed. 2d, p. 223), in allusion to the. development of the spines.. Genus 3.. in. Body. Agassiz. NOTHONOTUS THALASSINUS, S/).. A handsome species, genus. NOTIIONOTUS. differing from the others. UOV.. now. referred to this. the entire nakedness of the head.. rather stout, the depth about 5 times in the length, com.. pressed behind, the back somewhat arched.. Head. large, 4 in length,. the snout rather blunt and convex in profile; a pretty decided angle.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICFITIIVOLOGY. 14. opposite in. lii'iul. oye.. tlic. Mouth. sli^litly lonji'er. Sealfs. l.ir;je,. naked, but scaly. sal. lar^e. all. Jlelly scaled:. rj-l'.'i-~).. IVont of the dorsal. in. D, X-I,. :. IX-I,. 10, or. muzzle, 3i. tlie. tliaii. III.. some upward. liaviii;,^. maxillary reaching; to. Head. than the hjwer, not protractile.. and opercles. entirely iiaUt-d, both cheeks. Fins. up, lnii;;rr. uxxleiate, shj^htly ol)li(iue, the. Upper jaw. orbit.. lii;,'li. iutcrorhital space rather narrow, the eye. :. ran;4e.. l^ves larfjo,. —. destitute of scales.. beiuj:^. mck. naked:. throat. anteriorly. lateral line complete.. :. membrane. the. 11,. continued to the base of the second. of the. first. dor-. lonj^est dorsal spine a little. :. over half the length of ihe lu'ad, scarcely shorter than the solt lays;. the base of the spinous dorsal a sal.. Anal. and. larfjer. II, 8,. Caudal. than the second.. Pectoral and ventral the latter. little. longer than that of the soft dor-. rather smaller than second dorsal, the. somewhat. spine lonjjer. first. deeply lunate, almost forked.. fin. the fornier reaching nearly to the vent,. (ins liu-ge;. shorter.. Color, in spirits: Olive, closely mottled and tessellated above with. dark green. this color. ;. extending down the sides, forming. irregular dark green bars.. Head daik green. ward from eye and another (brward. sj)inous dorsal with a black edj^e. ;. I'ins. six or eight. a dark green line. ;. maUs. in. feujales with. down-. nearly plain, the. the fins excejit the. all. Two. ventrals closely barred or speckled with dark green.. pale orange. spots at the base of the caudal. Lile-colors. :. The. colors of a male specimen in. lile. are as lollows: llody. dark olive and blotched above: sides with nine dark blue-green vertical bars, the. t'lVi.'. the anal.. next the last most distinct, and reaching. Spinous dorsal reddisl^at base, then with. down ti. nearly to. broad black. band, the uppermost third being of a bright terruginous orange-red. :. second dorsal blackish at base, reddish above: caudal with two orange blotches at base, black mesially, i)ale orange externally. brilliant i)lue-green. maiillc ol the. shade.. tin. color at base, i)ale at tip.. Anal. Opercular region more or. of a. Pectorals barred, the. Ventrals dusky mesially, w. grass green.. fin. less grass-green. :. ith a gieeii. streaks about eye. blackish green.. Length of largest specimens Habitat. — Very. the rocky shoals. This handsome. abundant ot. in. takt'ii, 'JA all. inches.. the streams seined, especially so in. lleed\ K'iscr in the city of (Ireenville.. little fish. may. be easily. known from. the smooth head, and by the general greenness of. its. resembles somewhat that of the species of Diplcnium.. its. i-ongeners. coloration,. by. which.

FISHES OF THE SAXTEE BASIN.. ETHEOSTOMA. Genus. Rafinesque.. Etheostoma flabkllake. 4.. 15. Eaf.. {Catonotus Jlahdlatus Auct.). Three specimens doubtfully referred Professer Cope. iu. the. Catawba. to. tliis. species were obtaiued. by. Riv^er.. CENTRAHCHIDiE. MICROPTERUS. Genus 5.. MiCROPTERUS PALLIDUS. (Rajiiu'sqiie) Gill. Professor Cope obtained this si)ecies. none. iu the. Lacepede.. in. Jordan.. cf-. the Catawba.. We collected. Saluda or Euuoree, but we were told ihat " Trout", as the. species of Micro^pterus are universally called iu the South, are frequentlj*. taken there.. CH^ENOBRYTTUS. Genus C).. Ch^nobryttus. viridis {Cuv.. The War-mouth Perch occurs. in. c£-. abundance. eutly in all the South Atlantic streams.. Gill. Val.). in the. Jordan. Saluda, and ai)par-. Coi)e says that. it is. exceedingly. common in all the streams of Eastern North Carolina, and that it is known as the Red-eyed Bream on the Catawba. This species is very closely related to C. gulosusj differing chied}' iu the color. somewhat. less robust form.. All. may be only. LEPIOPOMUS. Genus 7.. It. Bafinesque. Jiaf.. of this species from the Saluda have a dusky blotch. or bar at the base of the soft dorsal, a feature of coloration not. my Northern such,. is. iu the. a variety.. Lepiopomus auritus {Linnwus). my specimens. and. specimens.. This. is. shown by. a widely diffused species, and, like. most. quite variable.. Genus 8.. EUPOMOTIS. EupoMOTis AUREUS. (. Gill. Walbaum). Professor Cope obtaiued this species iu. never collected. it. in the. Southern States.. lined to the lowland regions.. S. Jordan.. Gill. & Jordan.. Catawba It is. River.. We. have. probably chiefly con-.

1. 6. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. Til.. ESOCID^]. Genus 9.. Very. Linnccus.. Esox RETicuLATUS Lc Siieur.. Wo. comiuoii.. [phdlcnitus Say,. ESOX. ojfiniti. are unable to distingiiisb. the Southern. Uolbrook) as eveu varietally distiuft. form. troin the. *. Northern reticidatus. 10.. Esox KAVENELI. Obtained by Professor Cope. Ilulbrool:.. the Catawba.. in. Its specific distinction. from E. americanus Gnielin a])pears questionable.. SALMOXID^. Genus 11.. This. SALVELINUS FONTTNALis. sfjccies. Catawba. SALVELINUS. Rkliardson.. GUI. (.l/<7t7/<7/). was found by Professor Cope. iu. Jordan.. d:. the headwaters of the. liiver.. CYPRIXIDzE. Genus. CAMPOSTOMA. Aaassiz.. CAMPOSTOMA ANOMALUM. 12.. {Raf.) Ag.. Subspecies prolixum (Storer) Jor.. A. few specimens from Salnda. Genus 13.. A. liiver.. Also. in. HYBOGNATIIUS in. Givurfl.. Saluda IJImt, not distinguishable. from others from Ohio liiver and others (types I'rom. Xew. Professor Cope found. dersey.. Genus 11.. A. it. ALBURNOPS. Species belonging to. tlu>. Catawba," Con:. ^'Jliihopsi.^.. ot. dsvioiiius Cope). JI.. alumdant. m. Catawba Piver.. Girard.. ALlUKNorS SALUDANUS,. Uyhopaia antarun, " variety from. (Cope).. Agassh.. HVBOLiNATnUS AEGYRITIS. few specimens were ohtaineil. Catawba. the. sp.. )l0r.. (1-70), rroo.. Cirou[) A", of. Am. I'liilos.. Cope, which. Soc. is. -1^0.. equi-.

;. FISHES OF THE SANTEE BASIN.. 17. snbgeneric section of Alhurnops or ". viilont to the. Jiy^oj^s^.s ",. called. Hiidsonim by Girard.. Body. elongate, but. aiuarus,. and. depth 4|. in. compared with. length. ;. in profile,. relatives, hudsonius,. moderately compressed, the. caudal peduncfe shortened, 4|. :. length. in. :. bead large,. heavy and gibbous forward, the snond. 4 times in length, relatively. rounded. immediate. its. and thick. storerianuSj short. Eye. as in A. hiidsonius.. large, rather wider. than. interorbita^ S[)ace, about equal to snout, 3^ in head.. Mouth moderate,. subiuferior, the maxillary not reaching to eye.. Scales large, thin, and loose, 5-39-3, about twelve in front of the dorLateral line. sal tin.. somewhat decurved. Fins moderately developed. I,. 8;. in front.. Darsal beginning. in. advance of ventrals,. Anal. ray nearer snout than caudal.. its first. I,. 8,. rather small.. Pectorals not reaching to ventrals, the latter not to vent.. Color clear olivaceous, nearly white, like the rest of the group, some. specimens showing a faint plumbeous lateral Teeth. 4-4,. 1,. 1,. line.. two or three of the principal row obtuse, not hooked. only one or two of the teeth usually showing a masticatory face. Habitat.. — Abundant. about four inches.. The. in. Saluda River, where. i)eculiar characters of. fessor Cope, who, however,. n. amarus.. reaches a length of. it. Also obtained by Professor Cope from the Catawba. this species. was disposed. have been noticed by Proto consider. it. a variety of. from our specimens of what we consider to be. It differs. Ocmulgee River). the latter species (from. in. the smaller eye, the thicker. head, shorter, deeper body, more decurved front, and shorter caudal peduncle.. In amarus, the eye. is. 3 in head, the head 4^ in length,. and. the caudal peduncle 3|.. We large little. so. have been disposed. number. under the generic name. Liixihts,. a. resemblance to each otlnr or to the means, but which form a chain. unbroken that. That. to unite,. of species forming a series the extremes of which bear. this. it is dififlcult. to. draw any generic. lines. among them.. group may ultimately be broken up into natural genera. probable, but. is. very. the groups thus far proposed have not received very. satisfactory definition.. These species agree. {a). in the. absence of any special modification,. either of mouth, fins, or alimentary canal;. teeth being in one or. two. ro,ws,. the raptorial type, and some or surface; often, and in Bull. N.. M. Xo.. {b). always four all. of. in. in. the dentition, the. the principal row of. them provided with a grinding. some species always, one edge of the masticatory. U—2.

—. — CONTRirJUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. 18. surface. aual. flu. dorsal line is. The. is. more or. is. less ereuate, especially' in. III.. young individuals;. always short, containing from seven to nine rays; never inserted very far behind the ventrals;. tin is. (c). (he. (rf). tbo. the lateral. (c). developed and continuous. species. dififer. much among themselves. and. in size, nuptial dress,. general appearance, notably in the squamation, the scales of the typical species of Lurilus being closely imbricated wiiile in the. and much higher than long,. group called Jluflsonins the two dimensions of. The. nearly eipial. imbricated.. its first. ray. limits, the position of the dorsal varies also.. is in. advance of the insertion of the ventrals;. Luxilus ami AlbHnio2)s, usunWy directly oi)posite;. in. scales are. themselves, in Hudsonius, are thin and loosely. sciales. Within certain. In Hudsonius,. tlii'. Photogenis and. in. The form of the mouth varies largely In is wide and oblique, the lower jaw projecting. of Alhurnops and Hudsonius, the mouth is small and. HydrophloXy distinctly posterior. in L.coccogenis,. it. the typical species. more or. The. less inferior.. may be provisionally grouped as follows, under live groups, which may be considered as distinct genera. Those species. species. four of. whose position A.. :. — LuxiLUS. doubtful are indicated by a. is. mark. of interrogation. (Scales very closely imbricated,. Rofinesque.. much. :. deep-. er than long: teeth2, 4-4, 2, entire: dorsal 15n inserted directly op-. posite. mDUth. ventrals:. peculiar. ;. termiiuil. size. :. large:. nui)tial. dress. type Cijprimis cornutus Mit.) coccogeuis Cope.. cornuius Mit. selene J or. r>.. — PnoTOGENis long: teeth dorsal. fin. (Scales pretty closely imbricated, deeper than. Cope. 1,. l,morc or. 4-4,. less ereuate (rarely. rays behind. :. males. in. pigment. mimtli terminal, the upper jaw longest: size. Cope. nireus Cope. iris. »S:. Cope. (?).. H.. IIydrophlox Jordan.. (Scales less closely in)l>ricated,. deeper than long; teeth usually ereuate: dorsal. l\. = CyprincUa anahstana).. analosfauus Girard.. .1,. in spring:. medium; type. galacturus (^ope. Icucopus C.. ?):. spring tuberculate, the lower fins ami the. tips of the vertical fins filled with satin-white. spilopfcrus. one-rowed. behind ventrals, always with a black spot on the last. fin. 2,. 4-4,. 2,. often. somewhat. more or. distinctly behind ventrals, unsjiotted. ing dress peculiar, thema'es almost always red. :. :. less. breed-. mouth terminal,.

— FISHES OF THE SANTEE BASIN. oblique, the upper. small. jaw usually. slightly the longer. size. :. verj. type Hybopsis rubricroceus Cope.). ;. chrosomvs Jor.. roseus Jordan.. xwnocephalus Jor.. rubricroceiis Cope.. luilinnnis J.. &. plumbeolus Cope.. B.. lacertosus Cope.. Cope.. Albuknops. Cope.. bivittatus. chiliticns Coi)e.. clialybccus. D.. 19. Girard.. loosely imbricated:. (Scales rather. teeth. 4-4, or 1,4-4, 1: dorsal fiu inserted over ventrals, unspotted:. sexes alike: mouth more or less inferior, horizontal or oblique: size small. j. type Alburnops blennius Grd.). microstomus Rat.. timpanogensis Cope.. volucellus Cope.. chlorocephalns Cope.. spectruncidns Cope.. frctensis Cope.. procne Cope.. nuhilus Forbes. blennius Grd.. stramineus Cope. tuditanus. Cope. shumardi Grd.. (?).. missuriensis Cope.. E.. illecebrosus. Grd.. Cope.. scylla. — HuDSONius Girard.. (Scales thin and loosely imbricated: teeth 1,. 4-4, 1 or 2, the grinding surface often distorted: dorsal inserted in. advance of ventrals. ferior. body elongate,. :. medium;. colors silvery. the. head. &. sexes alike. mouth. in-. size. storeriamcs Kirtlaud.. have substituted the name Alburnops Grd.. Hybopsis, as. :. short:. amariis Girard.. B.. hvdsonius Clinton.. We. :. comparatively. Clupea liudsonia Clinton.). tj'pe. saludanus J.. :. we think. for the earlier. name. that the latter genus was founded on a species of. Ceratichthys. 15.. Alburnops chlorocephalus. Hyhopsis chlorocephalus. This beautiful Saluda.. Cope. is. Am.. abundant. It resembles //. rubricroccns.. with smaller mouth. 16) in. (1870), Proc.. little fish. number.. The. The. (Cope) J.. &. B.. Pbilos. Soc. 461.. in the clear rapid. but. is. waters of the. smaller and stouter-bodied,. scales in front of the dorsal are fewer (about. teeth are. 1,. 4-4, 1 (2, 4-4,. 2, in. rubricroceus).. The. male specimens are profusely tuberculate on the snout and ante-dorsal region.. Professor Cope found this species abundant in the clear waters. of the tributaries of the Catawba..

CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. 20. PHOTOGENIS. Genus. Eybopsia. Cope. /liccnx. Cope.. PlIOTOGENIS NIVKUS [Copc). IG.. (1^70), Proc.. Am.. III.. J.. &. B.. Pliilos. Sue. 4()1.. A very pale species, related to Phoiogcnis analostanus and P. gahiclnrufi^ ratber than to referred. specimens are. ]\Iy. it.. species of ''•IIybopsi.s^\ to wbieli genus Piolessor Coj e. tlie. at base of (laudal.. which sometimes forms a. In color, the dorsal. most of the. In males, the dorsal. fin is. the tips of the caudal are. The. The anal. related species.. last rays, the. tip of the dorsal fin. with milk-white pigment, as. filled. entirely milky.. fin is. considerably. fin ia. dusky on the. largely. somewhat creamy-tinted.. tin. faint spot. In male specimens, the snout and ante-dorsal region. are covered with small tubercles. elevated.. very vrhite, with a narrow bhiisli. all. stripe along the caudal peduncle,. The. teeth are. 1,. in. and the. 4-4,. 1,. l)rovided with a narrow masticatory surface. Photof/enis niceus. is. abundant. covered by Professor Cope. the Saluda lliver.. Ciitawba. PnoTOGENis ANALOSTANl'S. 17.. We. in. in the. It. was. first dis-. iiiver.. {Girard) Jordan.. did not find this species in tke Saluda, although Professor Cope. states that. it is. abundant. in the. Catawba.. It is perhai)s. possible that. Professor Cope mistook our Codoma chloristin, a species which resembles. it. very much, except in dentition, for the true. (uialo.stanu,s.. The. ''Cyprinella tinalo.slana''^ has been a stumbling-block in the classification. of these fishes, as to the masticatory surface of Luxilus. nations of Cyprinella.. be restricted. We are. to those species. it. adds the. cre-. inclined to think that CyprincUa should. whose teeth are without grinding surfaces. The. and are permanently crenate. npiloptents,(jalacturus,lcvcopus,. and. relations of Luxihis. wrn'?/,s. are. much more. aiuilo.^ta)iu.<i,. intimately with. the species of Codoma than with Lnxilus^ but the development of grind-. ing surfaces on the teeth renders. it. necessary to refer them to the latter. genus, unless Phoiogenin be admitted as a distinct genus.. Genus. CODOMA. (Subgenus. Girard.. lUiOGALA. Jordan.). Photogcnia J«)IJI)ax (1^77), Ann. Lye. Nut. Hist. N. Y. /'.. Huilopterns. i(i<Mitiotil. with. provi*- tn. in'. ;i. vi;iiii'si. i1<m'1v. :>:>,').. (Not of Copc, whose type,. ii-l:itc(l. fo. /... nnaldstaniiK. if mit. it.). Examination of a large number of spteimens supposed spilopterus, from Saint Jo.seph's Piver,. iji. to. be Photogenis. Northern Indiana, Professor.

— FISnP:S. OF THE SANTEE BASIN.. Cope's oiigiual locality, has convinced. 21. that the spilopterus. the type of. lis. the genus Pkotogenis^ does not belong to the groui) of colored si)ecies for. which Profei^sor Jordan lately adopted the latter name.. name, that of Erogala has been. togenis (Jordan) being thus left without a. suggested. (;;,«,. spring-time; ydla^ milk, in allusion to the milk-white pig-. ment with which the male CocZo w«. fishes are. Grd. differs from Erofjala. short, blunt,. The genus Pho-. and rounded, as. ornamented in the. form of the head, which. We. Fimephales.. in. in the nuptial season)' is. do not now think that. the two are distinct as genera, and prefer to consider Urogala as a sub-. genus of Codoma.. The type of Erogala is. remarkable for. far. its. known belong. river- basins. is. This subgenus. Fkotogenis stigmatunis Jordan.. All of the species thus. geographical distribution.. and each of the Southern. to the Southern States,. probably has from two to four species of the genus; not a. single species, so far as. known, being common. to. two. different river-. basins.. The. distribution of the species of Erogala. Santee Basin. :. as follows. is. :. pyrrhomelas Cope. chloristia J.. Savannah Basin. :. Altamaha Basin. :. &. B.. none known. xcenura Jor. callisema Jor.. Chattivhoochee Basin Flint Eiver. :. :. eurystoma Jor.. fonnosa Putn.. Alabama Basin:. callistia Jov.. trichroistia J.. &. G.. ccerulea Jor.. stigmatura Jor.. Farther west their place serrated teeth, togenis,. The. is. taken by the species of Cyprinella having. and farther north by the species of Luxllus, section Pho-. having teeth with developed grinding surfaces.. species of. Codoma are remarkable. for their exquisite coloration,. most of them being adorned with bright red pigment.. The black. dorsal spot. 18.. Body. short. and. is. present in. Codoma chlokistia,. in. addition to the milky. all. the species.. sp. nov.. deep, strongly compressed, the form. elliptical,. resembling that of Cpyrrltomdas, but rather deeper, the dei)th of adults being 3^ to 4 in length.. Ilead rather small and pointed, 4| in length..

22. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. Eye moderate,. less. than snout,. 1. Mouth rather. head.. in. III.. small, <iuite. oblique, the maxilhir^' not attaining the line of the orbit, the upper. beyond the lower, especially. l)rojecting. mouth considerably resemble those parts. much deeper than. Scales. more or. less. in. Fins moderately developed. midway between Aiml 1, 8.. :. 5-37-3.. Jaw The head and. P. <inalostani(s.. long, very closely. dark-edged above.. ray about 1,8.. spring males.. in. and smoothly imbricated,. Lateral line decurved.. dorsal distinctly behind veutrals,. its first. and the base of the caudal.. nostrils. Dorsal. Nuptial tubercles in the male greatly developed, covering rather sparsely the top of the head and the region anterior to the dorsal.. In. addition, similar tubercles cover the caudal peduncle and the whole sides. of the body, except the space below the lateral line and in front of the. The. ventrals.. tubercles ou the body are considerably smaller than. those on the head, and smaller than in xamtra or jijjrrhomclas, but they. much. cover a. larger area than. iri. any of the. latter species of the geuus.. Chin tuberculate. Teeth. 4-4, 1, entire, without masticatory surface.. 1,. Coloration, in life: General color a dark steel blue, a very distinct. blue stripe along each side of the caudal peduncle, as in C. cccnilca, but fainter. :. sides of. body with. head clear brownish. :. iris. tine steely-purple lustre:. back clear green. white: cheeks of a pale violet color. part of sides becoming rather abruptly n)ilky-white: dorsal. :. :. lowor with. fin. the usual large black spot ou the last rays well developed, and the. usual milk-white pigment in the tips: lower part of the <lorsal. somewhat as. l)igment of a fine clear green color,. unusually bright: cjiudal. fin chiefiy. somewhat so; the middle of the tin entirely. dusky,. fin. :. with. in analostanus,. but. milky and the base. has a slight reddish tinge: anal. milky, a faint dusky spot ou. on the dorsal. its tips. fin. its last rays,. resembling that. ventral fnis milky.. Female and young specimens are more. slender,. and the bright colors. are usually wanting or obscured. 8ize small. ;. length of largest specimens less than three inches.. In fortn, this s|)ecies. resembles C. pyrrhomclas, but the short anal. (eight rays instead of ten) will always distiuguish the species. cDloration of the male l»erhaps. more. delicate.. is. dilTerent,. C. chlori.stia. being. much. less brilliant,. The. although. resembles in color C.cixndca most,. but the latter species has a much more slender form. Habitat.. — Abundant. in. the clear waters of Saluda River, with C..

FISHES OF THE SANTEE BASIN.. 23. pyrrhomelaSj Photogenis niveus, Alburnops chlorocephaluSj and other hand-. some. species.. CODOMA PYRRHOMELAS. 19.. Copk. Pliotogenis jtyrrhomeJaH. Am.. (1870), Proc.. (Cope) Jov.. Philos. Soc. Phila. 463.. This species, the most ornate of the genus, and one of the most. abundant. liant of Cyprinidce, is extremely. the Saluda and. its tributaries.. bril-. in the clear rapid waters of. The general. color of the males. dark. is. steel-blue above, with the scales darker-edged, the bi lly abruptly milky-. The head. white.. the. is. pale reddish. has a large black spot on the white at cotnes a. the snout, the tip of lower jaw, and. ;. above and below are scarlet; the dorsal. iris. The. tip.. fin. last rays, is red in front,. is. dusky at base,. and broadly milk-. tips of the caudal fin are milk-white. dusky crescent. ;. a wide bright scarlet crescent. black and extends into the two lobes of the. tin.. ;. next to this. lies inside. The base. of the. of the. tin is. pale.. The top. of the head. and the region. The. with small pale tubercles.. in front of the dorsal are. covered. sides of the caudal peduncle are. i)ro-. vided with rather larger tubercles, arranged in rows along the series of scales.. This. is. the most abundant. tish in. the waters of. Catawba. River, accord-. ing to Professor Cope.. Genus. NOTROPIS. Rafinesqiie.. {Mtnmlus Rafiaesqne; AlbunieUns Girard.) 20.. NoTROPis riiOTOGENis. (Cope) Jordan.. Squalius photogenis Coi'E (18C4) Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. 280.. Photogenis leucops. My cies,. (186G), Trans.. differ. Am.. Phil. Soc. 379,. and elsewhere.. considerably from the typical forms of this spe-. but correspond to Professor Cope's " var. a a a a a" irom the Ca-. tawba. in. Copk. specimens. It is the. more sluggish. most abundant species tributaries.. different sexes, occur, the. Two. in the. Saluda waters, especially. forms, perhaps varieties, perhaps. one pale, with deep, compressed body; the. other darker, with the scales dark-edged and the bodj' gate.. (Cope).. It. is. difficult to distinguish. much more. elon-. the latter form from N. telescopus. The pale form has the head above and under jaw covered with. small pointed tubercles..

24. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOKTIl AMKKlfAN ICHTHYOLOGY C4enus. GILA. Gila vandolsula. 21.. vandoimdan C. it V.. Clhioalomus. Gikaiid. affiiiis. TUis species. {Cui\. we found. Ac. Nat. Sc.. in color, the. seems in. the Catawba,. in. to prefer. still,. or even. the Keed.v lliver than. Our specimens were greenish. or bluish. back motlh-d with scales oia dillVrent hue, as usual. and extending backward. in this. and jibove the. pec-. to the anal are of a bright rosy-red,. There. brightest just behind the head.. None. It. In the males, the region behind the head. jienns.. torals. J or.. Veil.). '2\2.. more iibnndant. it. Saluda or Ennoree.. in either. d-. Girard.). coinmoii in the Saluda waters, as. is. waters, as. Glranl. (lb-14), Iliht. N;it. Poiss. xvii, :U7.. (LH3(>), Pioc.. Yadkin, and other Southern streams.. muddy. dc;. CLINOSTOMCS. (Siib^'oiius. Leiiciscita. Baird. III.. is. no distinct dark lateral band.. of our specimens were noticed to be tubcrculate.. The characters. distinguishing this species from the more northerly Gila {Cli}iostomu.s). funduloides have been well given by Professor Cope (Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1808, 228).. Genus 22.. Kutemigonus. This. XOTEMIGONUS AMEKICANUS. ischaxita .Joi;dan (1877),. Eafinesque. [Linn.) Jordan.. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist.. p. ;5G4.. the true Cyprinus amcrivanus of Linnteus, as lias been else-. is. We. where shown.. obtained but a single si)ecimen. ProfessorX'ope found. The long. NOTEMIGONUS. anal,. it. abundant. in. the. in. Keedy. lliver.. the sluggish wateis of the Catawba.. more compiessed body, larger eye, and peculiar Ijiceding. colors distinguish this siiecies. from. the Norihern. and. Western X.. chrytsohucus.. Genus CEKAIlCirrilVS 23.. A. CERATKIIJ. small, ]»('culiar species, allied to. dift'ering. iti. young). ('.. .s;).. lUtr.. lnhmsus (Cope), but apjiarj-ntly. the longer barbel, smaller scales, and in the coloration.. Jiody long and slender, not in. IIVS ZANE.Ml'S,. naird.. in. length.. much compressed, the. dejith about 4^. IJead rather long, narrow, and pointed,. }]. ("lA. in. length, very slender in Noting si»ecimeiis, stouter inadidts: snout de-. curved. in proiile,. with an angle. in liont. of the nostrils,. l^ye moderate,.

;. 25. FISHES OF THE SANTEE BASIN.. midway. rather shorter tbau the long muzzle, i)hiced nearly. about 3^. ill. Mouth. head,. head.. much. ratlier large, inferior, the lips. upper jaw. in. thickened, Suclver-like. extremely protractile; the lower with a conspicuous internal. fringe of papillae.. Barbels extremely long, probably longer than in any other of our Cyprinoids; their length § (Scales. diameter of. to | the. eye.. Fins rather small, high, and short. behind the base of the ventiah?, as. Caudal deeply forked,. its. :. Dorsal. in C. labrosiifi. 1, 8,. originating slightly. and. C. Anal. luonach'ds.. peduncle long and slender.. Coloration, in spirits, quite pa!c. of caudal. 15 or 10 in fiont. ;. Lateral line continuous, slightiy deliected foiward.. of dorsal.. 1, 7.. tlie. moderate, pretty closely imbricated, 5-40-3. ;. dorsal scales d.irk-edged. a small, round, black spot at base :. some dark points along caudal. peduncle, forming a dark steak: muzzle punctate.. Large. s|>eGit!iens. with a large dark i)atch on the last rays of dorsal, as in C. monachus. and the species of Codoma: base of dorsal. and opercles. fin. with dark points.. Chee!:s. silvery.. In the spring, the male fishes are profusely tuberculate on the head. and neck, and the. fins are flushed. with crimson.. Teeth. 1,. 4-4, ], hooked,. without masticatory surface.. The were. largest specimens taken were nearly three inches long, but m(ist. less than two.. This species. from. is. abundant. in. C. Jahrosus, that s|)ecies. of difference.. C. labr<;,sus,. SaUida River.. It. appears to be distinct. having larger scales and some other. monachu;,,. and zancmus. differ. poinl.s. from their con-. 'geners in the backward position of the dorsal and in the gri^ater devel-. opment. ol. the. lips.. 24. Ceratichthijs lahrosus. Ceraticiitiiys laivrosus Cope.. Copk. (1870), Proc.. Am.. Pliilos, Soc. 458.. Professor Coi)e found this species not of the Catawba.. We. did not lind. uncommon. in. the upper v/aters. the Saluda or the Ennoree.. it in. 25. CERATLCiri'IIY.S IIYl'SINOTUS CopC. CcraticlilliijH. hijimvotuH. This species violet-tinted,. is. Cow.. not. and the. Am. in. Philos. Soc. 458.. the Saluda.. tins are quite red.. and tuberculate above. easily be taken for a. (1870), Proc.. uncommon. The head. Breeding males are is. more or. less rosy. This species has a very small barbel, and might. Uydrophlox of the rubricroceus type..

CONTRIDUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. 2G. Ceraticiituys uiguttatus. 26.. The common Uorued Cluib. is. —. III.. {Klrt.) Baird.. very ubmidant. the tributaries of. in all. the Saluda.. SEMOTILUS. Genus. Semotilus corporalis. 27.. This. commou. Bafinesque. {Mit.) Putn.. species occurs iu the tributaries of the Saluda.. CATOSTOMTD.E.. MYXOSTOMA. Genus. (iloxoatoma and Tereiuhis Raf.. Tiretuhis cervinus. COPK. This. little. Eunoree.. It. Cope.. (1868), Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc. Pbila. 235.. CoPK. Sucker. Ptychontomus Ag.). ;. Myxostoma cervinum. 28.. I'tychostomua cervinun. Ilafincsque.. (1870), Proc.. Philos. Soc. 478.. exceedingly abundant in the Saluda, Reedy, and. is. abounds. Am.. in. as ''Jump-rocks", from. rapids and rocky shoals, and. its. is. 29.. Myxostoma papillosum. oO. J'ii,cho8toinuii colliipsiiH. Wo tiie. Am.. (. Pbilos. Soc. 470.. abundant. it. the. in. Am.. Saluda Kiver.. Catawba and Yadkin Rivers.. Myxostoma vklatum Coi'K (IS70), Proc.. in. (Cope) Jordan.. Philos. Soc. 471.. obtained no specimens of this widely dilftised species. Sontli(>rn. I'rolessor. rivers.. much. Cope) Jor.. few specimens of this peculiar species were taken. Professor Cope found. known. not. a characteristic color-mark.. is. Fti/chostomua papillonHs CovF.'{lS70), Proc.. A. It is. The black outer. valued, except by negroes, small boys, and naturalists.. margin of the dorsal. popularly. habit of leapin^^ from the water.. Cope found. it. in. in. any of. the Neuse, Yadkin,. and Catawba. 31.. Myxostoma coregonus. PtychostomuH corr</OH«« Col'K. Tiie ". Yadkin. Bhu' Mnllet liiveis.. We. ". (. 1^170),. Proc.. Am.. I'liil.. {Cojic) J. Soc.. it. in. D.. 47"2.. was found very abundant. did not takt". ({•. in. the Saluda.. the. Catawba and.

FISHES OF THE SANTEE BASIN.. Myxostoma album. 32. Piifchostomvs albus. The the. species. Cope. — tbe. Catawba Kiver. which. is. (1870), Proc.. Am.. We. {Cope) J. tt B.. Phil. Soc. 472.. "White Mullet" only.. 27. — was found. by Professor Cope. iu. obtained no specimens from the Saluda,. perhaps due to the fact that our collections were not made. during the season of the migrations.. ERIMYZON. Genus. Jordan.. (iloxosfoma Agassiz, but not of Raf.). 33.. Erimyzon sucetta. (Lac.) Jordan.. Cyprinus sucetta Laci^p^de. Vyprinus oblongus Mitchill.. This species. Cope found. is. moderately abundant. Saluda River.. in the. neither this species, nor the next, iu the. Genus 34.. MINYTREMA. MlNYTllEMA MELANOPS. Professor. Catawba.. Jordan. {Fllf.) Jor.. Catosiomus melanops Rafixesque, Kirtland, etc.. Moxostoma. Victoria;. Gikaisd.. Erimyzon melanops Jordan.. This widely diffused species. Saluda Eiver, and. is. valued as a food-fish.. known. is. abundant. as the Striped Sucker.. Many specimens were. on the Ennoree, the proprietor of the kindly drawn to. examine. oft". the mill-poads,. in. etc.,. of the. It is considerably. taken at Bannister's Mills,. mill,. Mr. Bannister, having. the water fiom his i)ond, in order to enable us better. its fishes.. Our specimens seem. be precisely like the. to. ordi-. uary melanops from the Ohio lliver and the Gieat Lakes.. Genus CATOSTO]\IUS Le 35.. Catostomus commersoni. The Fine-scaled Sucker. is. common. stream east of the Kocky Mountains. pouds.. in the. Sueur.. [Lac.) Jor.. Saluda, as. It is especially. in. nearly every. abundant. i". luill-.

CONTRIBrTIONS TO NOKTII AMKRICAN ICnTIIYOLOGY. 28. III.. SILUPJDJ^. Genus AMIURUvS. AsriURUS BRUNNEUS Jordan.. 3().. Amiiirufi platycrphalna. liafinesque.. Cope. {l>7(^),Fvoc.. Am.. (Not rimdodus. Pliilos. Snc. 485.. plalij-. aphaluH Gnl.). Amiurm This. brunneus is. Jordan. Aun. Lye. Nat. Hist.. (1S70;,. the coiuiiioii. Adult specimens reach a. Cat.. resemblance to. yonnj;,. tlie. The adnlts are extremely. U'ti^th of. I'roui. is. little. first descril)ed.. related A. platyeephaluH by the (10 to 18 rays instead of 20),. thin,. liar,. The. The. the jaws are equal. is. species. may. ''. hrunueuH". be known from the. more elungate form, the shorter anal and by the mouth,. much the. lower jaw being. The uaun;. any other species.. only applies well to the young.. plutycephalus. about 18 inches, and bear. which the species was. elongate, nearly terete behind, with. distinclly green than. inferior, the. kiiouii as the i\Iiul. is. In color, they are of a more or less clear yellowish green,. broad heads.. more. 'M'i. of the Saluda, and. ciit-flsh. whi<-h. somewhat. shorter, while in A. platycephahfs. two. color is also dilfereiit in the. yellowish, dark above,. is. (in. and more or. sides with darker, resembling, in that resjxct,. ^4... less. species.. marbled. oJi. mormotuttiis.. .1.. the. In A.. usually nnecinal, the upi)er lobe being. tin*. longer, and the rndimt-ntary caudal rays are unusually nnmeioiis.. A. hnaincits, the caudal fin. specimeu nearly. a. is. foot long. length of the body, and. had the alimentary canal four. lilled. (inu-s the. with Pyxhmiemon ccratophyUum.. T'le. stomach coutainea eight adult males of Codnma pijrrhomclas.. As. Professor Cope counteil 17 anal rays. likely that he. formly. had. is. this sja-eies instead of Girard's, whi(;h has pretty uni-. or 21 rays.. L'O. in his ''jihitycephah'ti''', it. IJoth Aniiitri(.s bruiiiicus. and. plntyccplialus ;iro. valued as food. o7.. AMIUUUS. rLATYCEI'lIALl'.S {(jinird) GUI.. rimelodns phitijciphahiH GiK.vltn (1H59), Proc. Ac. Nat.. i\Iauy specimens of this. on the Ennoree. the. name. of. Mud. The. sjiecies. Sl!. Pliila. IGO.. were taken. lislifrmen confound. Cat. but the species. may. it. in. IJannister's niill-pond,. with the piceeding under. be readily distinguislied by. the characters given above.. A. "Blue. specimens.. Cat*'. is. said to occur in the S.dnda, but. we obtained no.

FISHES OF THE SAVANNAH BASIN.. Genus NoTURUS. 38.. NOTURUS. 29. Uafinesque.. iNSiGNis {Rtchardson) Gill. &. Jar.. Noiurus mavQinatHS Baikd.. Tbiw species. abmidiint in. is. ably oceiirs iu. tlie. rock-[)Oo]s of lieedy River.. It ]>rol)-. Ibe Atlantic streams as far nortb as Pennsylvania.. ail. ANGUILLID^. Genus. Tlmnlerg.. Anguilla vulgaeis. 39.. The common Eel. ANGUILLA. abundant. is. in all the. Fleming.. streams of the Southern States. thus far explored.. LEPID0STEIDJ5. Genus 40.. This. LEriDOSTEUS ossEUS. Lacepede. (L.). Ag.. occur iu the Salud;i, but we oblained no s^jecimens.. fish is said to. II.. LEPIDOSTEUS. — WATER-BASIN. OF THE SAVANNAH EIVER.. Fifteen species are ascertained to occur in the water-basin of the. Of. Savannah.. these,. two species are recorded from specimens. in. the. United States National Museum; one on the authority of Professor Agassiz, the others from our collections in the Tugaloo Eiver and in Toc-. None of. coa CreeU.. these species are peculiar to the Savannah Basin.. The common Cyprmidcc are. all. of Tennessee Kiver types; the others arc. either 'species of general distribution, or else are shared with other. Southern streams. In seining the Tugaloo liiver, two rather unexpected features were. made maniiest itidcv -ciud. few species uals. a. :. first,. the very small. number. of small fishes, both Ci/pri-. Etheostomatidce inhabiting the river. i)resent.. There seem. be very. and these few are represented by very few individ-. Although the islands below the mouth of Panther Creek frrnish. most excellent seining-ground, yet our fishing was a. hauls".. to. A single draw. often yield. the Tugaloo. more species and more individuals in. seiies of "water-. of the seine in the Saluda or the. a whole day.. tliau. Etowah. v.ould. were secured. iu.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICnTHYOLOGY. 30. The second fislii's. are. all. pociiliju ity of tlie. Tngaloo fauna. cliaracteiistic. of types abundant in tbe Tennessee River, but not. Of. any other of the Athmtic streams.. IroMi. is tliat its. III.. may. these. known. be mentioned. Photogcnis gtilacfurus, Luxilus coccogenis^ lIijdroplthKt rubricroceiis, and. The. Cntostomutt nigricans.. and. tin- Little. Tennessee,. close proximity of the sources of the Tujjaloo. War Woman CneU. and. Little. Tennessee lliver. on opposite sides of Rabun Gap, and of the Tallulah and the. risinj^. Uiawassee, may perhaps help to explain. tliis. anomaly of distribution.. ETIIKOSTOMATIDJi].. IIADROPTERUS. Genus I.. A. A(/assiz.. HaDROPTERUS NIGROFASCIATUS. single large specimen. was taken. yl.</.. Toccoa Creek, near Toccoa. in. Falls.. CEXTRAECHIDJE. MICROPTERUS. LacepMe.. MlCROPTERUS SALMOIDES. {Lac.) GUI.. Genus 1*.. (Var. aahnoidcs.). The small-mouthed Black Bass or "Trout" of the Southern streams Altamaha, Chattahoochee, Alabama) differs so con(/. c, Savannah, stantly from Northern representatives of the. same species that the two. forms may be taken as geographical varieties of one species, and probably worth while to distinguish each by name.. The Lahrns. was collected by Bosc near Charleston,. of Lacepeile. (Its. S. C.. it is. sabuoiw;is. It. therefore presumably the JSouthern variety, which should be designated. The. as var. salmoidcs.. form. is. fore be designated as. deemed desirable Tlie in. name known to apply to the Northern The Northern form may there-. body. is. anal rays. lortnula X,. 1,. appreci.d)ly longer. in iL',. is. var. achigan,. and slenderer. head being about. salmnidcK are instead of X,. there being about 70. sahnuidoi. M icmptcrus salmoides. whenever. it. is. to call attention to these variations.. var. achigan, the. 'I'lie. oldest. that of Bodianus achigan Raf.. in. 1.. .'i^. i". in var.. sabnoidcs than. length instead of about. usually 10 instead of II; I.'I.. The. L';^.. the dorsal. scales are larger in salmoides,. the lateral line instead of 77.. uniformly unlike that of achigan.. Tlie coloration of. Tlie lower part of the sides.

— FISHES OF THE SAVANNAH BASIN. is. marked by pretty regular Hues of dark olive-green spots along the. The lower. series of scales.. black, yellow,. fins are. known. abundant. is. as the " Trout. in. so conspicuous in. fin,. the Western States, at least. ia. 3.. Jordan. A. (1877),. the tributaries of the Savannah, where. XENOTIS. Jordan.. Xenotis sanguinolentus. {Agassiz) Jordan.. Aun. Lye. Nat. Hist. 318.. single si)ecimen of this beautiful fish. from Augusta, Ga.. mentioned. it. ".. Genus. to. —. not noticeable in the Southern variety.. This species is. usually more or less red, and the. and white coloration of the caudal. young si)ecimeus of the Xortheru form is. 31. It is identical. paper above. in the. is. in. the National. cited,. but. it is. possibly not the si)ecies. which Agassiz gave the name of sanguinolcntus.. genus Xenotis are extremely. Museum. with ray specimens from the Etowah,. The. species of the. difficult either to define or to recognize.. CYPRINODONTID^. Genus ZYGONECTES Agassiz. 4.. A. ZYGONECTES NOTTii. " Zggonecfps guttatus ". Savannah near Augusta.. is. recorded by Professor Agassiz from the. Professor. Putnam informs me, from. amination of the type-specimens, that the nottii. Agassiz.. si)ecies is identical. the ex-. with Z.. Ag.. SALMONID^E. Genus 5.. SALVELINUS. SALVELINUS FONTINALIS. Bichardson.. (Ji<7c/i.). The common Brook Trout is very abundant Toxaway Kivers, at the foot. the Chatuga and is. Gill. in the clear tributaries of. of the Blue Kidge.. very near the southern limit of the species, although. in certain tributaries of. the. & Jov.. Upper Chattahoochee,. it is. This. said to occur. farther west.. CYPEINIDJ]. Genus 6.. markings.. Bafinesque.. LuxiLUB coccoGENis. This beautiful species. specimens were. LUXILUS. all palo,. is. common. in. {Copc) Jordan.. the Tugaloo.. and showed only traces of the. The numerous distinctive red.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. 32. PIIOTOGEXIS. Geims. PnOTOGKMS GALACTURUS. 7.. Unpnilepis galacturita. The most ])ale. ami. mens of. CoPK. a!)tui(l;iMt. in. li>Ii. (jiiUiclurun. Our specimens were very. Tiigaloo.. tlio. HYDROPIILOX Journ. Ac. Nat. Sc.. smaller tributaries of the Tny:aloo. tlant, far. ontnumberinj^. mens fiom. tlic. coaly punctiilatioJis, which. ;. We. it is. obtained. very abnii-. many. si)eci-. Dark. band of. steel-blue; u dark lateral. usually distinct on the anterior half of. is. body, and pusses through the retl. the rock-pools of the. pool at the loot of Toccoa lalls.. life-colors are as follows:. rich clear. in. In Toccoa.CreeU,. other species.. all. J. tt B.. 'S)\.. abounds. little lish. liivers.. Jordan.. IIVDKOrilLOX UUBRICROCliUS [Cope). This suipassingly beantifiil. around the snout.. «'ye. All the tins. ot. a. the dorsal rather crimson, the caudal i)ink, the l(>wer tins. Head. full bri<j:ht scarlet.. Eyes. lustre.. coloration, the entire. pale scarlet-red, the lower jaw Hushed, as. all. bloody, a lustrous streak. somewhat. silvery,. and. flushecl. body becomes more or. ment becomes more evident when heail. the sides, below which. alonjj;. ray of dorsal dusky on anterior. Top of. IS.. Horn the Tennessee and Cuuiberlaud. Uf/bopul!) riibricrocciis Coi'io {l>:6i),. silvery. &. [Cope) J.. dull colored, but they are not otherwise diil'ereiit iVoiii speci/'.. S.. if. Cope.. (1870), Pioc. Ac. Nat. Sc. KiO. Genus. The. III.. a fish is. is. with red. red.. less. a distinct In. hi;.'h. This red. first placed in alcohol.. pij;-. First. e<lge.. wh<;le ante-dorsal region in males dusted with line. "White tubercles.. Female specimens are pale olivaceous nr Te.'th 2, 1-4,. '2,. with Uiast icMfmy. sui r:ice,. silvery. till- e(l';<>. of which. is. UNUiIly. crenate. Tliis species. liead waters of. and the tiie. jyrecedinj;' wei<>. hitherto. Genus CERATICIITIIYS 9.. the. nainl.. Cekaticiithvs KtuRirnoNS Jordan.. NocomiH ruhrifronH J oiiVAS (U'77), Aim. N.. A. known only from. T<Minessee Kiver.. V. I.yi. cum. Nat. Hist.. few specimens of this spe(;ies wcie t;du'n.. color than the oiiginal tyjies liom the. the males br ght red, and the. lins. Ocmnlgee.. somewhat. ro.sy.. '.Y.'>0.. They were brighter. The muzzle was. iu. in.

FISHES OF THE SAVANNAH BASIN. This species. C. related to. is. Jnjpslnofvs (Cope),. o3. but has a less elevated. dorsal region and longer barbels.. Ceratichthys BiGUTTATUS (Kutland). 10.. Tbe " Horny Head" the Tugaloo.. is. abundant. furnishes. It. Glrard.. the small streams falling into. in all. much harmless. sport for the amateur anglers. \vho yearly visit the beautiful Tallulah region.. CATOSTOMIDiE. Genus 11.. The and. little. ". MYXOSTOMA. Eafinesque.. Myxostoma cervinum. Jump Rocks". occurs. in. {Cope) Jor.. some abundance. in the. Tugaloo. its tributaries.. Genus. CATOSTOMUS. Le Sueur.. (Hylomjjzon Agassiz.) 12.. CATOSTOMUS NIGRICANS Le. The Hog-sucker occurs It is not. known. to. occur. S.. in. rapid waters of the Tugaloo and Toccoa.. in. any other of the Atlantic streams south of. the Potomac.. SILUEID^. Genus 13.. The. AMIURUS. Bafmesque.. Amiurus platycephalus. (Glrard). Gill.. original types of this species in the Smithsonian Institution were. from a tributary of the Savannah at Anderson,. Genus 14.. ICHTII^LURUS. Eafinesque.. Icm II^.LURUS PUNCTATUS. The common "Channel Cat". is. found. in. S. C.. (Raf.) Jor.. some abundance. in the Tu-. galoo River.. ANGUILLIDJ^. Genus 15.. The common Bull. N.. l^el is. ANGUILLA. Thnnherg.. ANGUILLA VULGARIS. Fleming.. an inhabitant of the waters of the Tugaloo.. M. No. 12—3.

34. coNTRimnioNs to north American ichthyology III.. — AVATERBASIN. Twenty-tlirc'O species. Altaraaba, exclusive of. tlie. ti). known only from. in. o<'eni'. tlie. wnter-basin of. tlie. dams. Of tliese. the Oconee and Ocniulgee-,. inscriptus, IlydropJilo.v lutiphinis, Cod(>macalHsema,iiu(l. The others are. chiefly species of general distribution.. obtained by the writers. tiie. Sluid {Alosa sapidissima)^ wh'u-.h ascends. the Soutliern rivers until prevented by four are. iii.. OF THE ALTAMAHA RIVER.. known. :iie. —. in. all. tweiitytliree,. viz,. Xothonotus. Codoma. xccnura.. Five species wen*. the headwaters of the Oconee River, viz,. Nothonotus hiscriptus, Micropicrns salmoides. IlydrophJox lutipinnis, Ceral-. and Ceratichthns. iehthys rnbrifrons,. The other. higuttatii.s.. species men-. tioned below are from the (^cmulgee.. ETHEOSTOMATID^. IIADROPTERUS. Genus ].. Taken. Hadropterus NiGROFASciATUS. at the Flat Shoals in the. 2.. Agass'iz.. South Fork of the Ocmulgee.. BOLEOSOMA. Genus. A. Agassiz.. DcKay.. BoLEOsoMA :maculaticeps. Cope.. specimen, apparently of this species, from the Ocmulgee River at. Macon, Ga.. NmiTONOTUS. Genus 3.. Body. NOTUONOTUS INSCRIPTl. Afiasmz. S, Kp.. nov.. rather stout and deep, pretty strongly compressed behind, less. so antcrioily. Head. :. large,. depth 4 4;^. J. in. length. in length,. :. caudal peduncle rather deep.. rather obtuse, the jirofde quite gibbons:. a considerable angle formed o[)posite the eyes, wiiich arc high up and rather close together.. Eye about equal. to snout,. '.\h. in head.. Tupie, the maxillary reaching eye, the. and opercles entirely. scaleless, as in. dorsal scaly: breast naked.. moderate, slightly ob-. upper jaw the longer.. N. thalassinus.. Region. tlu'. lateral line. Cheeks. in front. Belly covered with ordinary scales.. rather large, closely imbricated, straight.. I\Iouth. of. Scales. continuous and nearly. Scales 5-4(1-5.. Fins well developed.. The spinous dorsal. larger than the soft dorsal,.

FISHES OF THE ALTAMAHA BASIN. which. is. somewhat. by membrane.. larger than the anal. Dorsal Xl-I,. Dorsal spines a. little. 11.. the two dorsal. ;. Anal. 35 fins. connected. II, 8.. more than half the length of head.. Pectorals. and ventrals well developed. Color, in spirits: Olive, with an orange spot on on each scale, these. forming continuous lines along the rows of scales. conspicnous, as in Xenisma catcnatum.. back. :. one. sal spines. in front of dorsal, ;. lines are quite. forming a black spot on the anterior dor-. one between the two dorsal. spot on the last part of the spinous dorsal cle,. These. Three dark blotches across the forming a similar black. fins, ;. and one on the caudal pedun-. behind the second dorsal.. Sides with about six irregular dark olive blotches just below the. Second dorsal, caudal, and pectoral extensively dusky-. lateral line.. shaded.. Anal. unicolor.. Head dusky. above, a dark line downward, and. one forward from eye.. A. female specimen taken lacked the lines of orange spots, and. more. distinctly blotched on the sides.. the entire anal blue.. fin,. In. life,. it. was. the male specimen had. the cheeks, opercles, and a bar below the eye bright. The extreme edge of the spinous dorsal was blackish; below this The colored lines of. bright orange red, and a dusky bar at the base.. spots were ferruginous, or scarlet-red, rather than orange.. Length 2^ inches.. Two. specimens only were taken, in the upper waters of the Oconee. River, at Sulphur Springs, in Hail County, Georgia.. This. is. one of the most beautiful of this interesting geuus.. smooth head,. known.. The. it. resembles. N'. ihalassinns,. and. differs. entirely dissimilar coloration separates. it. from the others at once from. thalassimis.. OENTRAllCHID^. Genus 4.. MICROPTERUS. MiCROPTERUS SALMOIDES. Lacefede. {LciG.). Gill.. Var. salmoides.. Abundant. in the. Oconee and Ocmulgee.. Genus 5.. CHtENOBRYTTUS. Ch^nobryttus. The "War-mouth Perch". is. viridis. abundant. Gill. {C. (& V.). in the. In the. Jordan.. Ocmulgee.. JV"..

36. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NORfn AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. III.. Genus LKPIOPO:\IUS Uafmesqm. LEPioroMUS AURITUS. (I.. Common. in tlu^. Genus 7.. (L.) Raf.. Ocninlgee River.. CENTRARCHUS. d. Cavier. CENTRARCHUS MACKOPTERUS. Valenciennes,. [LaccpMe) Jordan.. Several specimens of the laige-Iinneil CcnU-arcliHs. ;iie in tlie. United. States National Museum, from the Ocmulfjee Kiver, near Macon, Ga. The characters distinguishing this si)ecies liotn C. irideus are given in. No. 10 of the National Museum,. I'ulletin. p. 31.. ESOCID^. Genus 8.. Found. in. the. ESOX. Lhinmis.. Esox RETICULATUS Le. Sueur.. Ocmulgee River.. CYPRlXiD^. Genus. ALBURXOPS. (Subgenus. JTi/iopsis liHctJioniuM. Ihigulus. in the. amrtr?<.s',. {Grd.) Jordan.. C & V. seems to be. 10.. Ilisf.. South Fork of the Ocmulgee.. but at present. Genus. A. Grd.). yaT.nmariix .Toiidax (1877), Ann. Lye. N;it.. Very abundant not Girard's. IIUDSONIUS. AlBURNOPS AMARUS. 0.. Ghard.. ^4.. I. tiiiiiU. that. it. N. Y. 362.. This. is.. is. jmssibly. Leuchcus. npir-. hudsonius.. TTYDROPHLOX. Jordan.. IIVDROPULOX LUTIPINNIS,. sj).. nov.. brilliantly colored lilth' fish allied to JF. rnhricroccu.*t.. Body. stout iUMl rather strongly compressed, the. (lei)th. \\ in. length,. somewhat elevated, the outline. of the. \r.\v.k. sloping. the dorsal region. each way from the base of the dorsal. Head. short and ratber deep,. -1. tin.. to 4^ in. length, broad and llittish.

FISHES above, the. THE ALTAMAHA. OP'. moderately rouiuled.. uiiizzle. BASIN.. 37. Eye rather. large, uearly as. loug as the muzzle, 3J to 3^ iu head.. Mouth. large, quite oblique, the maxillary reaehiug to orbit, the. man-. dible included.. Scales medium, 0-40-3, rather closely imbricated, about Ul iu front. Dorsal nearer caudal than muzzle, distinctly behind the. of the dorsal.. Dorsal. ventrals. trals,. Anal. 1, 8.. I, 8.. Pectorals not reaching nearly to veu-. the latter not to vent.. Color, in spirits: Clear olive; a dark, burnished, jjlumbeous lateral. baud, which extends through the eye and up the caudal. body bright crimson. Clear olive above, with very intense. Colors, iu life:. and vertebral. color of red berries; the whole belly especially bright. marked Teeth. :. iris. :. tip of. green dorsal. the males bright, clear red, the less flushed with red, the. crimson.. space below eye strongly. silvery. lower jaw black.. to 3 inches.. This species. extremely abundant. is. in clear rapid streams.. It is. Hydrophlox lutipinnis also a smaller. month. A. chloroccphalus,. it. is. in the. headwaters of the Oconee,. one of the most. brilliant of the genus.. deeper-bodied than H. rubricroceus.. and differentcoloration,especially of thefins. differs in the larger. mouth, larger. size,. teeth, also, are 2, 4, instead of. Genus. Minnilus (Photogenis) xanurus. This beautiful. Ocmulgee. fish is. CODOMA. Joudax. has. From The. 1, 4.. CouoMA XiENURA. 11.. It. and smaller. the pectoral and ventral fins are also usually shorter.. :. whole. 2, 4-4, 2, with masticatory surface developed.. Length 2i. scales. in. body more or. blight golden-yellow:. all. :. an intense metallic blackish band along sides;. lines;. below this the sides bright silvery,. Fins. fin. fins yellow.. :. Girard. Jordan.. (1877), Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. Phila. 79.. the most abundant species in the rapids of the. at Flat Shoals. 12.. CoDOMA CALLISEMA. Jordan.. Episcma callisema Jordan (1877), Ami. Lye. Nat. Hist. 303.. This species, one of the most elegant of the genus, in the. South Fork of the Ocmulgee.. It differs. is. very abundant. from the other species of.

CONTKIliUTIONS TO NORTH AMERICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. 38 llie. genus. presence of a single row of. in the. rior position of tbe dorsal, It. trals.. is. NOTEMIGONUS. Very abundant everywhere. in the. the. more ante-. an Episema.. th;in. Hajhiesquc.. .JoRDAN (1^77), Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist.. i.^iliiinu.'i. in. III.. posterior to the ven-. all. NOTEMIGONUS AMERICANUS. 13.. and. teetli. scarcely at. however, rather a Codoma. is,. Genus. .\otrmi'joints. which. —. {L.) Jor. 3r>4.. Ocmulgee. in still or. deep waters.. Adult specimens have the lower fins yellow, tipped with scarlet.. Genus CERATICIITllYS. Ceratichtiivs iubrifrons Jordan.. 14. Xoconiis nibrifrons. Joudan. This handsome. where. it is. (1877),. little fish. abundant. 15.. Abundant. species. was. first. It is also. in the. Hist. N. Y.. :{30.. described from the Ocmulgee River,. common. Oconee; not noticed. Genus. From. Ann. Lye. Nat.. in. the Oconee.. Ceraticothys biguttatus. SEMOTILUS. (Kirt.) t'irard.. the Ocmulgee.. in. llafmesqm.. Semotilus couporalis. IC.. JBaird.. {Mit.). Putnam.. a small brook, tributary to the Ocmulgee. is. In the South, this. almost coufuied to the srimller creeks and spring runs.. CAT08T0MIDJE. Genus 17.. The. little. MYXOSTOMA. Myxostoma CERViNUM. ".Tumi» Kocks". is. Ilafinesque. {Gope) Jordan.. very abundant at the Flat Shoals of the. Ocmulgee. 18.. Common. in. Myxostoma paimllosum. the Ocmulgee.. Genus 1!».. From. {Cope) Jordan.. ERDrVZON. ImjimYZON SUCETTA. the Ocmulgee.. Jordan.. {Lnc.) Jordan..

— ". FISHES OF THE CHATTAnOOCHEE BARIX.. 39. SlLURIDiE.. ICHTII^LURUS. Genus 20.. ICHTii^Lunus P/UNCTATUS. Very cormnou. in. A. AMIURUS. Rafinesque.. AMIURUS MARMcniATUS. single specimen. is. in. the National. brook in the Altamaha Eiver.. The. streams and slouglrs of Southern. in. {Holhrook) Jordan.. Museum,. collected by Dr. Hol-. species occurs in. abundance. in the. Illinois.. Amiurus brunneus. 22.. Very abundant. {Bajinesque) Jordan.. the Ocmulgee.. Genus L'l.. Rafinesque.. Jordan.. the Ocmulgee, from which river. it. was. first de-. scribed.. ANGUILLIDJ]. Genus 23.. Eels occur IV.. in all. ANGUILLA. Anguilla vulgaris. in the. OF THE CnATTAHOOCHEE RIVER.. Chattahoochee Basin have been rather unsatis-. factory, as only twenty-one species. seem. to. where stoma.. :. Fleming.. the larger tributaries of the Oconee and Ocmulgee.. —WATER basin. Our collections. Thunherg.. have been obtained.. Of. these, three. be characteristic of the river, and have not yet been obtained. else-. Semotilus thorqauianus, Pliotogenis leucopus, and Codotna eury-. The other. species taken are found also either in the Altamaha-. or Alabama, or both.. The Chattahoochee. noteworthy as being, so. is. at present. known, the easternmost limit in the Southern States of the. Rock Bass. is. far as. {AmblopUtes rnpcstris) and tlm Red Horse {Myxosioma duquesnii), as the. westernmost limit of the range of the " Green Cat" {Annnrns brnnneus), tl)e. War-mouth Perch [Chwnobrythin. [Myxostoma cervinum).. It is also. viridis),. wwd the. "Jump Rocks. the westernmost of the series of. ers. — Great. in. which Lnxilus cornutus does not occur.. riv-. Pedee, Santee, Sav.vnuah, Altainahu, and Chattahoochee.

40. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NOKTIL AMEKICAN ICHTHYOLOGY. I'Vtur. jigo. specii's. the*. 1)1'. were collected several. iiKMitioiaMl. Iieie. by Dr. lliigb M. Neisler at .some point. locality not certainly preserved,. now. the. in. stoma nis^'),. Museum. years. Georgia, the record of the. in. but supposed to be Flint River, and are. These are Compo-. of the Smithsonian In.stitution.. anoniuliDii, tScmodius ihoreauianiis,. and Aphudoderua sayanus. III.. {''•. Codoma J'onnosa. Astcrnotremia mesotrema. {"(jraniUpin-. ").. ETIIEOSTOxAIATIDiE. Genus. Abundant. Ayassiz.. IlADROPTERUS NIGROFASCIATUS. 1.. yjlle,. HADROPTERUS. at the Shallow. Ayassiz.. Ford of the Chattahoochee near. Gaiue.s-. Ga.. CENTRARCHID^. Genus xAIICROPTERUS Laccpede. 2.. MiCROPTERUS PALLTDUS. & J.. {Raf.) G.. Not very abundant. 3.. MiCROPTERUS SALMOIDES. (LflC.). GUL. Very common.. Genus 4.. AMBLOPLITES. Bafinesque.. AMBLOPLITES RUPESTRIS. {Raf.) GUI.. Abundant.. Genus 5.. LEPIOPOMUS. LEPIOPOMUS PALLIDUS. Bafinesque.. [Mit.) G.. & J.. {IchtheUa invisur llitlbnjok.). A few specimens taken 6.. Abundant. in. Peach Tree Creek near Atlanta.. LEPIOPOMUS AURITUS. at the Shallow. (L.). Raf.. Ford of the Chattahoochee.. ]\Iy. speriinens. are more elongate tiian those from the Saluda, and they ditler .some-. what. in. coloration. and. sijuaination.. of the dor.sal are wanting.. them as. specitically distinct.. 1. am. The darU Idotches. not,. however, disposed. at. the ba.se. to consider.