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KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN, KEBUDAYAAN, RISET, DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO
Jalan Prof. H. Soedarto, S.H. Tembalang Semarang Kotak Pos 1269 Telepon: (024) 7460020 Faximile: (024) 7460013 laman :http://www.undip.ac.id
SURAT TUGAS
Nomor: 188/UN7.F6/HK/X/2022
Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Diponegoro Semarang dengan ini menugaskan kepada :
No Nama Gelar NIP NIDN
1 Prihantoro S.S., M.A., Ph.D. 198306292006041002 0029068301
Untuk Melaksanakan Tugas dalam Bidang Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran Menjadi anggota penguji ujian skripsi mahasiswa Prodi Sastra Inggris : 1. Elian Sofian Suryokusumo 13020115140119 2. Ersa Alysia S L 13020117140079 3. Wika Dui Yanti
13020118120025 4. Devita Hapsari Salsabila 13020118130071 5. Dinar Ayu Rahmawati 13020118130076 6. Hagi Alwirido 13020118140113
Tembusan : 1. Rektor UNDIP
Dekan ,
Dr.NurhayatiM.Hum.
196610041990012001
SPEECH AND THOUGHT PRESENTATION OF THE MAIN CHARACTER OF AGATHA CHRISTIE’S
ABSENT IN THE SPRING
A THESIS
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
S-1 Degree Majoring in Linguistics in the English Department Faculty of Humanities Diponegoro University
Submitted by:
Dinar Ayu Rahmawati NIM 13020118130076
FACULTY OF HUMANITIES DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY
SEMARANG
2022
ii
PRONOUNCEMENT
I honestly state that this thesis is written by myself without taking any result from other researchers in diploma degree, S-1, S-2, S-3 degree from any university. I also ascertain that I do not quote any material from other’s publication or works except from the references mentioned.
Semarang, 15 June 2022
Dinar Ayu Rahmawati
iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Do not worry; Allah is certainly with us.
Qur’an (9:40)
This thesis is dedicated to My beloved mom, dad, brothers, and the ones I love the most
iv APPROVAL
SPEECH AND THOUGHT PRESENTATION OF THE MAIN CHARACTER OF AGATHA CHRISTIE’S ABSENT IN THE SPRING
Written by:
Dinar Ayu Rahmawati NIM: 1302011813007
Is approved by the thesis advisor On July 1st 2022
Thesis Advisor
Mytha Candria, S.S., M.A.
NIP. 197701182009122001
The Head of the English Department
Dr. Oktiva Herry Candra, M.Hum.
NIP. 196710041993031003
v
VALIDATION
Approved by:
Strata 1 Thesis Examination Committee Faculty of Humanities Diponegoro University
On August 15th 2022
Chair Person
Dr. Nurhayati, M.Hum NIP. 196610041990012001
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praise be with Allah SWT for His countless blessing, mercy, guidance, and strength, so this thesis entitled “Speech and Thought Presentation of the Main Character of Agatha Christie’s Absent in the Spring” has now been completed. In this opportunity, I would like to thank everyone who helped finish this thesis. This gratitude might not be equal to their assistance and unending support.
My most profound appreciation and gratitude are extended to my thesis advisor, Mytha Candria, S.S., M.A., who has spared her valuable time to give her continuous guidance, advice, suggestion, and support so this thesis can be completed.
I also like to express my deep gratitude to the following person:
1. Dr. Nurhayati, M.Hum., as the Dean of Faculty of Humanities of Diponegoro University.
2. Dr. Oktiva Herry Candra, M.Hum., as the Head of English Department of Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University.
3. All of the lecturers in English Department, especially in Linguistics section, for their sincere dedication and precious knowledge during my study in English Department.
4. My beloved parents and brothers which is my biggest motivation to finish this thesis. Thank you for giving me forever love and support.
vii
5. All of Shibuya members, Sinta, Intan, Amel, Desi, and Alea, for being my best friends and giving me endless support since the beginning of my study.
6. To all of my dearest best friends: Adit, Aris, Laras, Abang, and to everyone else I can't name individually, thank you for being a part of my journey.
I am aware that this thesis needs much improvements. Thus, I would appreciate any helpful critique and ideas to improve this thesis. Lastly, I hope this thesis will be beneficial for readers who are interested in learning about speech and thought presentation techniques.
Semarang, 15 June 2022
Dinar Ayu Rahmawati
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRONOUNCEMENT ... ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iii
APPROVAL ... iv
VALIDATION ... v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... viii
LIST OF TABLE ... x
APPENDIX LIST ... xi
ABSTRACT ... xii
CHAPTER I ... 1
1.1 Background of the Study ... 1
1.2 Research Problems ... 3
1.3 Previous Studies ... 4
1.4 Scope of the Study ... 6
1.5 Writing Organization ... 6
CHAPTER II ... 8
2.1 Theoretical Framework ... 8
2.1.1 Speech Presentation ... 11
2.1.2 Thought Presentation ... 12
2.2 Research Methods ... 14
2.2.1 Type of Research... 14
2.2.2 Data and Sources ... 14
2.2.3 Population and Sample ... 15
ix
2.2.4 Sampling Technique... 15
2.2.5 Method of Collecting Data ... 16
2.2.6 Method of Analyzing Data ... 16
CHAPTER III ... 17
3.1 Speech and Thought Presentation Techniques of the Main Character ... 17
3.1.1 Speech Presentation ... 18
3.1.1.1 Direct Speech (DS) ... 18
3.1.1.2 Indirect Speech (IS) ... 20
3.1.1.3 Free Direct Speech (FDS) ... 22
3.1.1.4 Free Indirect Speech (FIS) ... 24
3.1.1.5 Narrative Report of Speech Acts (NRSA)... 25
3.1.2 Thought Presentation ... 26
3.1.2.1 Indirect Thought (IT) ... 27
3.1.2.2 Free Direct Thought (FDT) ... 29
3.1.2.3 Free Indirect Thought (FIT) ... 30
3.1.2.4 Narrative Report of Thought Act (NRTA) ... 32
3.2 The Author’s Technique of Narrating ... 33
CHAPTER IV ... 38
REFERENCES ... 41
APPENDICES ... 44
x
LIST OF TABLE
Table 1. The Features of Speech and Thought Presentation Techniques ... 13 Table 2. The Frequency of Speech and Thought Presentation Techniques ... 18
xi
APPENDIX LIST
Appendix 1: The Complete List of Speech Presentation ... 44 Appendix 2: The Complete List of Thought Presentation ... 49
xii ABSTRACT
This study deals with the identification of speech and thought presentation techniques in the novel Absent in the Spring by Agatha Christie. This thesis aims to find the distribution of the speech and thought presentation of the novel’s main character and acknowledge the author’s narrating technique. Leech and Short’s (2007) model of speech and thought presentation techniques are employed in analyzing the data. As for the method of this study, I use the descriptive qualitative method. The data consists of the utterances and thoughts of the main character from Chapter 9 to Chapter 12 of the novel. The findings indicate that, with the exception of the Direct Thought (DT), all speech and thought presentation techniques are identified in the novel. The three most frequent techniques to the main character’s utterances and thoughts are Free Indirect Thought (FIT), Free Direct Thought (FDT), and Free Direct Speech (FDS). From the discussion of the speech and thought presentation, it can be inferred that the narrating technique of Absent in the Spring is focused on presenting the internal conflict of Joan Scudamore vividly, mainly through the free technique of thought presentation and with a lesser amount of speech presentation.
Keywords: speech and thought presentation, Absent in the Spring, narrating technique.
