STUDENTS’ MISTAKES IN USING COORDINATING CONJUNCTION OF STUDENTS’ ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY AT STKIP PGRI
SUMATERA BARAT
Rizka Hayati, Siska, Mayuasti
Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat [email protected]
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan kesalahan siswa dalam menggunakan kata hubung setara dalam menulis teks essai argumentatif pada siswa kelas writing II STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat. Kata hubung setara terdiri dari tujuh jenis, yaitu for, and, nor, but, or, yet dan so. Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah dokumen, yaitu hasil dari tugas siswa tentang essai argumentatif. Data yang dikumpulkan yaitu sebanyak 65 dokumen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan 22 kesalahan siswa dalam menggunakan pola penggunaan kata hubung setara and (11), but (4), or (5), dan so (2). Kemudian ditemukan 4 kesalahan siswa pada penggunaan fungsi dari kata hubung setara and (1), but (1), dan or (2), dan ditemukan 1 kesalahan siswa dalam menggunkan pola dan fungsi kata hubung setara and. Peneliti mendeskripsikan kesalahan siswa dalam menggunakan kata hubung setara untuk menjadi informasi bagi pengajar, pembaca, siswa, dan lainnya untuk memperhatikan penggunaan kata hubung setara yang tepat sesuai dengan aturannya, karena keakuratan makna dan keselarasan tulisan juga dipengaruhi oleh kata hubung setara.
Kata Kunci : Essai argumentatif, Kata hubung setara, Kesalahan.
INTRODUCTION
Writing is one of skills in English that is important to learn for students. One of element of writing is conjunction. Conjunction is as connector in the text. By using conjunctions, a text will be easier to be interpreted. Based on data observation of English students’ hand writing on
class 2015 D of STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat, researcher found some mistakes of using conjunctions in their writing.
For example :“Music is entertain for everyone, where this can the make audience dancing and sing. The grammatical structure is unparallel
“dancing and sing (verb and verb). “…
and other life style, many people do
plastic surgery to make their face or their body looks good or perfect”. The function of “or” is to a selection or choice. In the sentence, there is no selection. From several writing tasks given, it could be seen that the students did many mistakes in using coordinating conjunction.
In this research, the researcher wanted to find students’ mistakes because in writing argumentative essay, there were students’ arguments about the topic that was discussed. If the coordinating conjunction used well, it will make the meaning of the essay easier to be understood and acceptable for the reader. Because that, the researcher interest to analyze students’
mistakes in using coordinating conjunction in argumentative essay.
According to Prommas and Siwongsuwat in Hamed (2014) writing is more difficult than speaking in that in written communication there is no additional means of help in terms of nonverbal expression, such as gesture, facial expressions, and head movement, to ensure that message is accurately conveyed. In this state that writing is complex cognitive activity which requires the writer to possess a topic in
the writing form. This view support by Harmer in Febriyanti and Sundari (2016) when writing, students frequently have more time to think than they do in oral activities. They can go through what they know in their minds, and even consult dictionaries, grammar books, or other reference material to help them. Writing is a complete activity that students should make sentence in good structure and also coherent. It is usually associated with its complex process or activities.
In conclusion, writing is more difficult than other skill in English.
Because, to write students need focus and consistent for one topic, then development of the topic be a text well not only understand about element in writing but also structure of the language.
Argumentation is a key requirement of the essay. It support by Fitzpatrick in Wingate (2012) in writing an argumentative essay, writer must persuade the reader to consider point of view of the essay. This requires some cares and skills. The writer needs to show respect for opposing point of view and have to choose vocabulary carefully, then must
write clearly and logically. Then, Wu in Wingate (2012) say that the argumentative essay is the most common genre that undergraduate students have to write. it means that argumentative essay is one of text that should be learned by students in college students should issued their ideas on an issue.
It mentions to a topic should be given argument or critical think so that be interested and whether they succeed in providing us with good reasons for acting or believing. In the end, argumentative essay is a writing that consists of some paragraphs with the intention to convince or persuade the reader. In writing arguments the content can be an explanation, evidence, reason, and purpose that is include example, analogy, and causation. The goal is for the reader to believe to the idea, or opinion is true and proven.
Conjunction is connector to join some words, phrases, clauses, and sentences. Opinion by Robertson (2004) having conjunctions make writing and talking much easier.
Conjunctions connect words, phrases or sentence part. Then by Chalker in
Helmie (2013) asserts that conjunction is word that joins words, phrases, clauses, and sentences. Then it is important elements for creating coherent texts. Conjunctions link some words, clause, phrase, and sentences then making the text into one meaning and always connected.Conjunction is not the main point of the text but is needed to make the text more interesting and easy to understand.
Meanwhile, by using conjunctions make clear meaning of the text.
Actually, many kinds of conjunctions that can be used into the text. According by Robertson (2004) there are traditionally basically three types of conjunctions, which are:
coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions. For instance, Allen (2007) types of conjunction is divided into three classes: coordinating conjunction, subordinating conjunction, and correlative conjunction.Based on some definition above, the researcher sum up that Robertson and Allen have same opinion about the types of conjunctions. This types are by Robertson and Allen, they are:
coordinating conjunction,
subordinating conjunction, and correlative conjunctions.
Moreover, Roberts in Unubi (2016) defines that conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, clauses, and sentence. In the other hand, Leech and Svartvik in unubi (2016) clauses or phrases may link together (coordinated) by conjunctions.
Linear to Altenber and Vago (2010) coordinating conjunctionconnects two units that are the same types. In general the way to remember the coordinating conjunction is to think FANBOYS : for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.
In addition, Cherlents (2011) state that the function of coordinating conjunction is a connecting the same words, phrases, and independent clauses. That joins two independent clauses and also words or group of equal grammatical rank. There are seven kinds of coordinating conjunction, they are for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.
RESEARCH METHOD
This research was descriptive research. Moloeng (2010) states descriptive is a study that intends to understand the phenomenon of what is
experienced by research subjects such as behavior, perception, motivation, actions, and others. In this research, the researcher described about the students’ mistakes in using pattern and in using function of students’
argumentative essay. In this research, the researcher used document as the data. The researcher asked lecturer who taughtat writing class of English Department at STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat academic year of 2017/2018 to get permission to copy students’ task of argumentative essay. To finding the result, the researcher did analysis the data based theory by Miles and Huberman (1992), that is on the steps:
Collecting data, Reduction data, Conclusion or Verification, Presentation of data (display data), and Conclusion or Verification.
FINDING AND DISCUSSION The researcher found the data about one hundred twenty-nine students’ mistke in using pattern and in using function of four coordinating conjunctions; and, but, or, and so. The researcher only analyzed twenty-seven data to represent all of the data that researcher found. The students’
mistakes in using pattern were twenty- two, they included eleven of students’
mistakes in using conjunction and, four students’ mistakes in using conjunction but, five students’ mistakes in using conjunction or, and two mistakes in using conjunction so. Then the students’ mistakes in using function were four mistakes, they included one mistake in using conjunction and, one mistake in using conjunction but, and two mistakes in using conjunction or.
The last, there was one mistake in using pattern and also function of conjunction and.
CONCLUSION
Based on the researcher’s experienced when analyze students’
writing task, students had mistakes in using coordinating conjunction there.
Coordinating conjunction has seven kinds that is for, and, nor, but, or, yet,and so.
From the finding above, the researcher found students’ mistake in using coordinating conjunction in writing argumentative essay. Many of the students did mistakes in combining two independent sentences without comma or use comma to combine that
were not independent sentence. Then, it is also of using of function of coordinating conjunction that they did not use them base on the rules of the function of coordinating conjunction.
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