1 Supplemental Digital Content 1 General characteristics of patients aged ≥18 at diagnosis (n= 3674)
Frequency %
Sex
Female 533 15%
Male 3141 85%
Age at diagnosis (years old) Median = 34.64 IQR = 28.12-42.78
Mode of transmission (n=3672)
Heterosexual 1535 42%
MSM 1790 49%
IDU 268 7%
Others 79 2%
Ethnicity (n=3666)
Chinese 2721 74%
Asian 575 16%
White 280 8%
Others 90 2%
Subtype (n=2665)
CRF01_AE 1152 43%
B 1025 38%
CRF07_BC/08_BC 250 9%
2
Others 238 9%
Late diagnosis 584 16%
Initiated treatment 2754 75%
Treatment duration (ART) (months) (n=2754)
Median = 62.19 IQR = 28.93-111.79
3 Supplemental Digital Content 2 Factors associated with (A) CD4 count, (B) CD8 count and (C) CD4/CD8 ratio in generalized estimating equations (time and 1 explanatory variable per model)
(A) CD4 (B) CD8 (C) CD4/CD8 ratio
ID variables Beta 95% Wald Beta 95% Wald Beta 95% Wald 1 Time 4.96 4.78 to 5.14* -0.89 -1.26 to -0.51* 0.01 0.01 to 0.01*
2 Time 5.26 5.05 to 5.46* -0.50 -0.9 to -0.1* 0.01 0.01 to 0.01*
elderly (65 years old)
4.52 -25.78 to 34.81
206.52 64.07 to 348.97*
-0.05 -0.08 to -0.02*
middle-aged (50- 64 years old)
-26.36 -41.95 to -10.78*
52.13 -25.03 to 129.28
-0.03 -0.05 to -0.002*
elderly time -1.90 -2.51 to - 1.29*
-3.84 -5.74 to -1.95* 0.0001 -0.001 to 0.001
middle-aged time
-1.31 -1.72 to -0.9* -1.26 -2.42 to -0.1* -0.001 -0.001 to -0.0001*
3 Time 5.26 4.77 to 5.75* -0.05 -1.06 to 0.96 0.01 0.01 to 0.01*
male gender -5.65 -26.67 to 15.36
142.52 81.10 to 203.94*
-0.08 0.11 to -0.05
male gender time
-0.34 -0.87 to 0.18 -0.95 -2.04 to 0.13 -0.001 -0.002 to -0.0001*
4 Time 5.38 4.65 to 6.12* 0.07 -1.29 to 1.42 0.01 0.01 to 0.01*
baseline CMV 15.41 -11.68 to 42.51
161.05 71.54 to 250.56*
-0.09 -0.13 to -0.05*
baseline CMV time
-0.45 -1.21 to 0.31 -1.02 -2.43 to 0.39 0.00 -0.001 to 0.001
4
(A) CD4 (B) CD8 (C) CD4/CD8 ratio
ID variables Beta 95% Wald Beta 95% Wald Beta 95% Wald 5 Time 4.73 4.5 to 4.96* -1.75 -2.26 to -1.24* 0.01 0.01 to 0.01*
NNRTI 33.49 19.55 to 47.43*
-77.67 -125.20 to -30.14*
0.08 0.06 to 0.10*
NNRTI X time -0.83 -1.23 to - 0.44*
0.17 -0.72 to 1.07 -0.001 -0.001 to -0.0005*
6 Time 4.82 4.62 to 5.02* -0.98 -1.39 to -0.57* 0.01 0.01 to 0.01*
late Dx -90.49 -103 to - 77.98*
4.49 -52.2 to 61.18 -0.14 -0.16 to -0.11*
late Dx time 0.62 0.18 to 1.07* 0.41 -0.52 to 1.34 0.001 0.0005 to 0.002*
7 Time 4.55 4.31 to 4.79* -1.87 -2.36 to -1.38* 0.01 0.01 to 0.01*
late Tx -153.22 -162.8 to -143.63*
-52.51 -95.42 to - 9.61*
-0.20 -0.22 to -0.18*
late Tx time 0.77 0.41 to 1.12* 2.01 1.27 to 2.75* 0.001 0.0002 to 0.001*
8 Time 4.96 4.78 to 5.14* -0.89 -1.26 to -0.52* 0.01 0.01 to 0.01*
months from Dx to Tx
0.42 0.22 to 0.62* 0.24 -0.31 to 0.78 0.0004 0.0001 to 0.001*
CMV – Cytomegalovirus; Dx – diagnosis; NNRTI – non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors; Time – months from treatment initiation; Tx – treatment; late Dx – AIDS diagnosis within 3 months from HIV diagnosis; late Tx – as patients with very low pre-treatment CD4 count (≤100cells/μL) or AIDS diagnosis before treatment initiation
* p<0.05
