Salah satu pidato yang menonjol adalah pidato Malala Yousafzai untuk Hadiah Nobel Perdamaian di Oslo, 2014. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan metafora dalam pidato Malala untuk Hadiah Nobel Perdamaian agar tidak terjadi kesalahpahaman dan salah tafsir terhadap pesan-pesan tersebut. dan gagasan dalam pidatonya. Salah satu fungsi bahasa adalah untuk menyampaikan pidato. Dengan menggunakan bahasa dalam suatu tuturan, seseorang biasanya ingin memberitahukan, memerintahkan, menghibur bahkan mempengaruhi seseorang untuk melakukan atau mempercayai sesuatu. Salah satu pidato yang terkenal adalah pidato Malala Yousafzai setelah dinobatkan sebagai penerima Hadiah Nobel Perdamaian di Oslo, 2014. Pidato tersebut mengandung beberapa metafora yang dapat menimbulkan kesalahpahaman dan salah tafsir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan metafora dalam pidato Malala pada upacara penghargaan Nobel Perdamaian agar tidak terjadi kesalahpahaman dan salah penafsiran terhadap pesan dan gagasan dalam pidato tersebut. Peneliti menggunakan teori metafora konseptual yang dikemukakan oleh Lakoff dan Johnson. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif .
13 metaphors were found that can be represented in 7 structural metaphors, 3 oriental metaphors and 3 ontological metaphors. First of all, my deepest appreciation goes to Allah SWT, who has given me His blessing to complete my thesis. Therefore, I greatly appreciate all readers who give me suggestions to improve this thesis.
INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION
Background of study
In Malala Yousafzai's speech for her Nobel Peace Prize, she uses many great and brave words in her speech as she is only 17 years old giving a speech in front of many great people at that time. So, in the video recording of her speech which has been uploaded by Malala Fund YouTube channel, she can entertain the audience with her speech. This is also evidenced by the way the audience applauds the brilliant and courageous words that Malala spoke in her speech.
The nice attention and great appreciation that the audiences give can be caused by two factors. It's like when she says "Thank you to my father for not clipping my wings and for letting me fly" and the audience gives her applause. However, not all the words or sentences applied by Malala can be well understood by the audiences, either live audiences or online audiences watching the video recording.
Thank you to my father for not cutting off my wings and letting me fly”, so to get a proper understanding of that sentence, that sentence can be applied or analyzed by using the theory of metaphor, the systematics of metaphorical concepts, as proposed by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson. Lakoff and Johnson (2003: 3) say that for most people metaphor is a tool of poetic imagination and rhetorical flourish – a matter of extra rather than ordinary language. Novel metaphors or new metaphors differ from conventional metaphors in that they transcend social conventions.
Meanwhile, to understand the metaphors that Malala uses in her speech, it is important to find the meaning of the metaphors. These different varieties of opinion can be seen because of the difference in viewpoints.
Problem Statement
Semantic studies is the study of how meaning is constructed, interpreted, explained, obscured, illustrated, and paraphrased by the language that many people use for various significances and purposes in their lives. Therefore, the meaning of language appears in many different variations.
Objective of Study
Significances of Study
Literature Review
For the following researchers, as a reference material for researchers who want to explore topics relevant to this study. The second literature review is a journal article by Gholam Hassan Araki and Mahmood Naghizadeh entitled “A Study of Metaphors in the speech of Persian Language Students based on Cognitive Approach”, which was published in 2015 by Applied Linguistics and Language Research. The author then applies George Lakoff and Mark Johnson's theory of metaphor to analyze the object.
The structural metaphor has the highest frequency of occurrence, and the orientational metaphor the lowest. The third literature review is Mentari Putri Pramanend Sinag's thesis entitled "The Ideology of Women's Empowerment in Malala Yousafzai's Speeches: A Critical Discourse Analysis", presented in the English Language Studies Graduate Program in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Magister Humaniora in EnglishLanguage Studies of Sanata Dharma University 2018. This research has some Malala Yousafzai speeches as its subjects. These are Malala Yousafzai's speech at the United Nations inauguration among young people, Malala Yousafzai's speech at Harvard University's humanitarian award, Malala Yousafzai's speech.
These are ideology, critical discourse analysis (CDA), systemic functional grammar (SFG), resistance, women's empowerment, and Pakistan. As a result of the research, the researcher finds that by considering the Taliban's authority and efforts to maintain unequal power relations, the researcher defines Malala Yosafzai's speech as ideological. From the above literature reviews, it can be concluded that the similarity between Mentari research and this research is the subject of the research, although the subjects taken by Mentari are more than one subject, but one of its subjects is Malala Yousafzai's Nobel Peace Prize speech which is also received for this research.
In addition, the similarity between this research and Cristina and friend's research is Malala Yousafzai's speech, although they are different speeches, but they have the same topic.
Theoretical Approach
This approach has been questioned and the metaphor is not considered as a conceptual system limited to vocabulary and at the level of literal language, but is rooted in the image system of the human mind and has been implemented as a cognitive phenomenon that in this sense is a kind of copy pattern from the concrete domain (source) to the abstract domain (target). Through this copying of patterns, metaphor can be the pattern to create new metaphors, for example in the metaphor 'thought is food'. The conceptual food in this metaphor is the source domain, and the target field is understood from the source fields.
- Data Sources
- Data Collection Technique
Some of them are known as teknik simak bebas libat cakap (non-participant observation technique) and teknik catat (note-taking technique). Teknik simak bebas libat cakap (non-participant observation technique) refers to a technique in which the researcher observes language used in a particular context or discourse without becoming involved in the conversation, while teknik catat (note-taking technique) refers to a technique in which the researcher makes some notes of the. In this method, a tapping technique is applied to the informant's language use, without the intervention of researchers during the speech event.
The next is to watch the video recording to match the script and to determine the metaphors found in the speech. According to Ratna, analytical descriptive is a method of disseminating their research by describing and analyzing the data at once. The introduction consists of background of study, problem statements, objectives of study, meanings of study, literature review, theoretical background, methods of study and paper organization.
Then the second chapter is the object of study that contains all the data needed to analyze the problem. The third chapter is the research finding. This contains the results of the research and its explanation.
Conclusion
Suggestion
Thank you for the letters and cards I continue to receive from all over the world. I am proud that we can work together, we can work together and show the world that an Indian and a Pakistani, they can work together and achieve their goals of children's rights. The word Malala means sadness”, but to add some happiness to it, my grandfather would always call me Malala – The happiest girl in the world” and today I am very happy that we are fighting together for an important cause.
I've noticed that people describe me in many different ways. Some people call me the girl who was shot by the Taliban. Others call me the girl. As far as I know, I'm just a dedicated and even stubborn person who wants every child to get a quality education, who wants women to have equal rights and who wants peace in every corner of the world. I decided to make my voice heard. We could not stand by and watch the injustices of the terrorists denying our rights, ruthlessly killing people and misusing the name of Islam.
The terrorists tried to stop us and attacked me and my friends who are here today on our school bus in 2012, but neither their ideas nor their bullets could win. We survived. Her story is why I am dedicating Nobel Peace Prize money to the Malala Foundation to help provide quality education to girls, everywhere, anywhere in the world and to raise their voices. Now is the time to take a leap. This is not the time to tell world leaders to realize how important education is - they already know - their own children go to good schools.
Now is the time to call them to action for the children of the rest of the world. We call on world leaders to come together and make education their top priority. Fifteen years ago, world leaders decided on a set of global goals, the Millennium Development Goals. In 2015, representatives from around the world will meet at the United Nations to set the next set of goals, Sustainability.
The world can no longer accept, the world can no longer accept that basic education is enough.
