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TEACHING WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT BY USING COMBINING POWER ( PLANNING ORGANIZING WRITING EDITING REWRITE)STRATEGY WITH COPS ( CAPITALIZATION OVERAL PUNCTUATION SPELLING)STRATEGY
FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS Oleh
Nanik Rahayu*)
**) Dra.Yelliza, M.M.Pd. Pembimbing atau Pengajar Program Studi Pendidikan
Bahasa Inggris STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat
ABSTRAK
Nanik Rahayu (NIM: 10040268). 2015 .Pengajaran Writing Dengan Menggabungkan Dua Strategi antara POWER Strategi dengan COPS Strategi di Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Makalah Program Sarjana. STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat.
Kemampuan menulis (Writing ) dalam bahasa Inggris merupakan pembiasaan dalam komunikasi berbentuk tulisan. Namun sebagian besar siswa SMP memiliki kemampuan yang kurang dalam skill ini. Untuk itu guru perlu menemukan strategi yang sesuai untuk mengatasi masalah dalam pembelajaran writing. Dalam makalah ini penulis memperkenalkan penggabungan dua strategi yaitu strategi “POWER Strategy dengan COPS Strategy”. Kedua strategi ini memungkinkan siswa untuk mampu mengembangkan ide berbentuk tulisan.
Langkah pengajaran dengan menggunakan POWER Strategy dengan COPS Strategy dimulai dengan meminta siswa untuk merencanakan topik yang akan dibahas. Kemudian siswa diminta untuk menulis topik yang sudah direncanakan. Selanjutnya siswa menulis sebuah paragrap. Kemudian siswa disuruh mengedit paragrap dengan memperhatikan syarat-syarat dalam penulisan seperti huruf besar, kecocokan kata-kata, tanda baca dan penulisan/ejaan.
Strategi ini mendorong siswa untuk menulis dengan baik dan benar. Sehingga mereka dapat mengahasilkan tulisan yang menarik untuk dibaca dan mudah dimengerti. Dengan demikian diharapkan agar penggabungan kedua strategi ini bisa menjadi panduan bagi guru dalam pengajaran writing. Sehingga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis siswa-siswi pada tingkat SMP.
Key word: Writing, POWER ,COPS
*Penulis
** Pembimbing
Introduction
Writing is one of important skills besides listening, reading, and speaking that should be learned by the students, because writing is written communication and also one of communication tool.
Though writing students can communicate
with other. For instance, students can express, share and convey their ideas into paragraph.
In teaching writing process, the teacher should teach the students how to write a paragraph well, how to convey, develop and organize their ideas into good paragraph. For that the teachers should
2 creative in applying the variety of ways in teaching writing. The teachers also should consider using strategy that appropriate to use in Junior High School. The application of an appropriate ways and strategy in teaching writing will make students interesting and understanding in writing.
In teaching writing process, the teachers do not only teach the students to organize idea but also teach component in writing.
Based on curriculum( KTSP:2006) the purpose of teaching writing for Junior High School is the students are demanded to be able to express meaning of functional text, such as Narrative text, Procedure text, Report text, and Descriptive text. The students should understanding about kind of text above. So in classroom activity the teacher gives text, after that the teacher explains about text (definition of text, purpose of text, generic structure, and language feature) finally, the teacher gives example before giving exercises for the students.
Based on the writer’s experience in teaching practice, the writer’s found some problems in writing. The problems are faced by the students and teacher.
Problems came from the students. First, some of students had low motivation because the students did not ability in English skill, especially writing skill.
Second, the students had mistake in their writing because they just convey their idea become a paragraph without pay attention to writing process. They did not plan and organize their idea before they writing.
Last, the students had not good in writing product because the students did not reread or edit their paragraph after their writing such as; capitalization, overall, punctuation, and spelling. Problems come from the teacher. First, the teacher used monotonous ways; it made students did not interesting and boring in teaching and learning process. Second, the teacher used strategy that not appropriate to students. It made students did not understand about material.
Based on the problems above, the
writer has possible solution to solve the problem; the teacher should find the variety of ways and choose appropriate strategy in teaching and learning, exactly teaching writing. By using variety ways the students motivated in teaching and learning process. By using appropriate strategy improves students’ ability in writing.
In this paper the writer choose appropriate strategies can be used by the teacher in teaching process. The strategies are POWER strategy combining with COPS strategy. POWER strategy is a strategy that can helps students to organize idea in writing by involving all writing process (planning organizing writing editing rewriting).COPS strategy is editing and correcting strategy (capitalization, overall punctuation, and spelling). The combination both of this strategy will help the students to write paragraph by involving all writing process; Plan, organize, write, edit and rewrite. In editing process students can use COPS strategy with pay attention capitalization, overall, punctuation, and spelling. This strategy will be effective for students. The students can produce good paragraph because they write suitable with writing process and they can edit paragraph themselves by pay attention capitalization, overall, punctuation, and spelling. Finally the students can write best product of writing Review of Related Literature
Teaching Writing
Teaching writing is facilitating the students in developing ideas and knowledge in process writing. According to Harmer (1998:79) teaching writing to students of English as foreign language includes reinforcement, language development, learning style and most importantly, writing as a skill in its own right. In learning process, some students get language in a purely oral way, it can help students do the new language to memory. Language development is helps students to learn the writing. And also,
3 writing is a basic language skill, just as important as speaking, listening and reading.
Teaching writing is one of important aspect in introduction of English besides reading, speaking and listening.
Nunan (2003:88)says that, concern with the teaching of writing goes back thousands of years, where the teaching writing was based on the assumption: good writing was done from a set of rules and principle, the teacher`s duty was to relate these rules, and students then write in response to selected written texts, following the rules of good writing. In the teaching writing, the teacher must help students to good writing based on rules and principle to be good writer. The teacher teaches the students about rules and the students give response to write anything based on rules of writing. In conclusion, the teacher and students work together get a good result of process writing.
Next, teaching writing is a way of the teacher to teach the students about how to develop ideas and improve communication skills in teaching writing.
Hiland(2003:4)states that teaching writing is predominantly involves developing learners’ skill in producing fixed patterns, and responding to writing means identifying and correcting problem in the students’ control of language system. This is hinder students’ problem to develop their writing beyond a few sentences.
In conclusion, teaching writing as facilitates to acquire the purpose of learning process. It can make students easier to write anything, then it is a way to help teacher to apply the rules in writing.
Teaching writing is an activity that important to get main point in learning process and to get the good result after several skill such as, listening, reading, and speaking and also to control language system.
To improve students writing skill, especially writing paragraph there are two strategies that can use by the teacher in
teaching writing. There are Power strategy and Cops strategy. Power strategy is strategy stands of plan, organize, write, edit, and rewriting. Cops strategy stands for capitalization, overall appearance, punctuation and spelling.
`According to Tomas (1987) POWER strategy is to help students learn how to write, and help students become more effective writer. It means, that power strategy can helps students to write with a better instruction and effective paragraph.
POWER strategy also can make the students lose their difficulties in writing, and with effective paragraph students can develop their ideas.
Moreover, Englert in Louise (2007:246) defines that POWER strategy designed to teach and scaffold the writing process for students with learning disabilities, and served the need of students with learning disabilities effectively. It means POWER strategy is used by teachers to assist students to remember the writing process so students can write with effectively .By using POWER strategy students know what they will do by remembering each process. So with POWER strategy makes students ability to write appropriate with process of writing.
Meanwhile, Graham (2013:148) says POWER strategy to processor to write and revise students’ papers. It means POWER strategy to learn and give knowledge to students for revising their writing or their paper. Students can select and correct common writing errors. In this strategy students can checking their writing and can revising, so their writing is good.
Related to the explanation above, it can be conclude that POWER strategy is a strategy can help the students how to write better and effective paragraph, with manner remember students to process of writing and give knowledge to students for editing students writing with manner checking their writing error. So POWER
4 strategy can make the students increase their ability in writing.
According to Shannon and polloway (1993:8) COPS is strategy that helps students detecting and correcting common writing errors. It means in this strategy the students to think for errors based some points; the some points are capitalization, overall, punctuation and spelling of the words in writing. With the students think writing errors they can less writing errors when they writing. And with used this strategy the students can write well because they get points in writing.
Meanwhile, Welkes (2008:54) states that COPS strategy provides with a checklist for editing some possible mechanical errors. It means this strategy is the editing end correcting mechanical errors in students writing with manner checklist in paper. The teachers and students are checking and correcting points in writing. Points in writing like Capitalization used in writing, overall appropriate in writing, punctuation and spelling used in writing.
Addition, Graham in James (2008:256) defines COPS strategy students learn mnemonic which prompts them to apply specific steps for revising and editing their work. It means COPS strategy is a strategy used to make good revising and editing students writing with using steps appropriate in writing. There steps are; first attentive to capitalization, second attentive to overall, third attentive punctuation, and the last attentive to spelling. Students editing their writing attend four points. Four points are capitalization, overall, punctuation, and spelling. With attentive points the students can make good revising to their write.
Shortly, the writer can conclude that COPS strategy is a strategy writing useful to correcting writing error after the students writing with manner to editing their writing. This strategy can be applied with checklist four points of writing are capitalization, overall, punctuation and spelling used in paragraph.
The writer combining POWER strategy from Stephen (2006) and COPS strategy from Robert (1989) in teaching writing. There are procedures of combining POWER with COPS strategies;
Students plan before write (Students know purpose the text after that students chose a good topic, think topic, and wrote down all idea) students organize ideas in logical other, next students wrote ideas in sentences, next students edit the sentence after they read the first draft, students edit using COPS strategy with pay attention to Capitalization, Overall, Punctuation, Spelling. Finally Students rewriting in best writing
Conclusion
Considering of previous chapter, it can be concluded that writing is one of the important skill that should be learned by the students, particularly for Junior High School student .Teaching writing is way of teacher to teach the students do activity especially in writing. In teaching writing, the teacher should consider strategy that is appropriate to use in class. Strategy should help the students to write a good paragraph.
In this paper, the writer gives some strategies; these strategies can be applied in teaching writing. These strategies are Planning Organizing Writing Editing Rewrite (POWER) and Capitalization Overall Punctuation Spelling (COPS) Strategies. The writer chooses these strategies because POWER strategy explains how to organize idea in writing by involving all writing process. It helps students to organize idea in writing.
Moreover COPS strategy, the teacher explains how to edit text. It makes the students can edit their paragraph by themselves, so the writer combining POWER and COPS strategies, because with combining POWER with COPS strategy the teacher can improve students’
ability in writing. The students not only can develop and organize their idea in paragraph, but also can correct their
5 paragraph. Finally they can write a good paragraph.
Suggestions
Writing is not easy to teach for the students, especially at Junior High School, it needs more attention in teaching learning process. In this section, the writer gives several suggestions in teaching writing especially for the English teacher.
The teacher should use an appropriate strategy to teach writing because this way is really effective to increase the students’
attention in teaching writing. The writer suggests the teacher can use combination of POWER and COPS strategies in teaching writing. These strategies can help the teacher to teach the students in organizing their idea in paragraph, and correcting their mistakes in writing.
References.
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Robert,James.1989.Cognitive-behavioral Phychology in the school : A Comprehensive Hanbook. Quilford Press. .
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