mixed manning by Japanese and foreign crew members in ships. We hope this SOLAS TRAINING MANUAL will be used effectively in the implementation of drills, onboard instructions and training to make provisions against emergencies.
May 2002
Takeshi Nishikawa. Manager
Labour Standards Division, Seafarers Department, Maritime Bureau.
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport
(P.S. The existing "Labour Stadards Division, Seafarer Department, Maritime Bureau" will be reorganized into "Seafarers' Labour Standards Division, Maritime
Department, Maritime Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, and the cooperation of other parties concemed in preparing and publishing this MANUAL.
April 2002
The Association for Promoting Safety and Sanitation for Seafarers
Remarks;
As the results of 2000 Amendments to SOLAS Convention, 7 matters on the fire protection construction as well as the operation and the use of fire-extinguishing systems and appliances have been adopted to the present convention. The corresponding contents in this book to those 7 matters are shown as below.
1. General fire safety practice and precautions related to the dangers of smoking, electrical hazards, flammable liquids and similar common shipboard hazards;
[2] - I Mechanism of Fire
[2] - II Classification of Fire and Principle of Fire Extinction
2. General instractions on fire-fighting activities and fire-fighting procedures including procedures for notification of a fire and use of manually operated call points;
[2] - VI Fire Detection Systems and Hand-Operated Alarm Systems [2] - WI Detector and Monitoring Systems
[2] - IX Extinction of onboard Fire 3. Meanings of the ship's alarms;
[1] - I - 6 Muster List
4. Operation and use of fire-fighting systems and appliances;
[2] - II Fire-Extinguishing Appliance [2] - VI Fire-Fighter's Outfits
5. Operation and use of fire doors;
[2] - IV Fire Protection Construction
6. Operation and use of fire and smoke dampers [2] - IV Fire Protection Construction
7. Escape systems and appliances;
[2] - V Escape Systems and Appliances
CONTENTS
Words of Recommendation
... 4Preface
... 8[1] Survival Operation and Life - Saving Appliances
... 23I Outline of Survival
... 231. Life - Saving Operations (Survival at Sea)... 23
2. Basic Principles of Survival... 25
3. Importance of Drills and Training... 27
4. Drills... 29
5. Onboard Instructions and Onboard Trainig... 31
5-1 Onboard Instructions... 31
5-2 Onboard Training ... 31
5-3 (Ref.) "Emergency Training and Drills" Prescribed in SOLAS 2000 35 6. Muster List... 43
6-1 Muster List... 43
6-2 Examle of Muster List... 43
II Abandoning Ship
... 791 Operations to be Carried out Before Abandoning Ship... 79
1-1 Determining Time for Abandoning Ship... 79
1-2 Choice of Life-Saving Appliances... 81
1-3 Main Life-Saving Appliances... 83
1-4 Clothing when Abandoning Ship... 95
1-5 Doning Lifejackets etc... 99
1-6 Muster at Assigned Stations... 107
1-7 Leading Passengers ... 109
1-8 Taking Important Articles... 115
2 Operation for Abandoning Ship... 117
2-1 Abandoning Ship in Open-Type Lifeboat... 117
2-2 Abandoning Ship in Totally Enclosed Lifeboat... 123
2-3 Abandoning Ship in Free-Fall Lifeboat... 131
2-4 Abandoning Ship in Inflatable Lifeboat... 137
2-5 Emergency Escape... 153
3 Operation just after Abandoning Ship... 161
3-1 Picking up Drifting Persons ... 161
3-2 Preparation for Drifting... 165
III Drifting
... 1691 Nomination of leader and his Role... 169
1-1 Nomination of Leader... 169
1-2 Role of Leader... 169
2 Tasks during Drifing... 171
2-1 General Tasks and Precautions... 171
2-2 Lookout... 177
2-3 Countermeasures for Cold and Heat... 181
3 Equipment of Survival Craft and How to Use them... 185
3-1 Equipment and their Quantity... 185
3-2 How to Use Equipment... 197
4 Inspection and Maintenance of Survival Craft and their Handling Procedures 211 4-1 Fire-Protected Lifeboat... 211
4-2 Inflatable Liferaft... 221
5 Life-Saving Radio Equipments... 227
5-1 Outline of Distress Communication and Life-Saving Radio Equipments 227 5-2 Portable Two-Way Radiotelephone Equipment... 229
5-3 Radar Transponder (SART)... 231
5-4 EPIRB (Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon)... 235
6 First Aid... 237
6-1 Arresting Bleeding... 239
6-3 Treatment of Fracture... 249
6-4 Treatment of Burn... 251
6-5 Treatment of Shock... 253
IV Knowledge Required at Time of Rescue
... 2551 Rescue by Ship... 255
1-1 Picking up from Survival Craft ... 255
1-2 Picking out of Water... 257
2 Rescue by Helicopter... 259
2-1 Helicopter Rescue Gear... 259
2-2 Precautions to be Taken at Time of Rescue by Helicopter... 263
3 Rescue Appliances... 265
3-1 Breeches Buoy (Lifebouy with Trousers)... 265
3-2 Line-Throwing Appliance... 267
4 Approaching Shore and Running Aground... 271
4-1 Approaching Shore... 271
4-2 Voluntary Grounding of Survival Craft... 273
5 (Ref.) The Methods and the Meaning of the Signals when Search and Rescue275 V
Lowering and Recovering Lifeboat and Rescue Boat
... 2811 Lowering Rescue Boat... 281
1-1 Ordering Man-Overboad Station... 281
1-2 Preparations for Lowering Rescue Boat ... 285
1-3 Lowering and Launching Rescue Boat... 285
2 Recovering Lifeboat and Rescue Boat... 287
2-1 Opén-Type Lifeboat... 287
2-2 Totally Enclosed Rescue Boat... 289
[2] Response to Ship-Board Fires
... 291I Mechanism of Fires
... 291II Classification of Fires and Principle of Fire Extinction
... 3211 Classification of Fires... 321
1-1 Class "A" Fire (Ordinary Type of Fires) ... 321
1-2 Class "B" Fire (Oil Fires)... 321
1-3 Class “C” Fire (Electrical Fires)... 323
1-4 Metal Fire... 323
1-5 Gas Fire... 325
2 Form of Fires... 325
3 Principle of Fire Extinction... 329
4 Fire-Extinguishing Medium... 333
III Fire Extinguishing Appliances
... 3571 Fire-Extinguisher... 357
2 Fixed Fire-Extinguishing Units... 367
2-1 Water Discharge Fire-Extinguishing Unit... 367
2-2 Fixed Automatic Sprinkler System... 373
2-3 Fixed Pressure Water Spraying Fire-Extinguishing System... 375
2-4 Fixed Foam Fire-Extinguishing System... 375
2-5 Fixed Carbon Dioxide Fire-Extinguishing System... 379
2-6 Fixed Local Fire-Extinguishing System in Machinary Spaces... 383
2-7 Fixed Inert Gas System... 385
IV Fire Protection Construction
... 3891 Fire Protection Construction... 389
1-1 Definitions of Terms... 389
1-2 Fire Doors and Fire Dampers... 393
1-3 Fire Resisting Dvisioins and Fire Prevention System... 395
2 Fire Protection Construciton of Tankers... 399
3 Fire control Plans... 403
V Escape Systems and Appliances
... 407VI Fire Detection System and Hand-Operated Alarm System
... 4131 Fire Detection System... 413
2 Hand-Operated Alarm System... 415
VI Fire-Fighter's Outfits
1 Breathing Apparatus... 417
1-1 Sort of Breathing Apparatus... 417
1-2 Air Breathing Apparatus... 425
1-3 Emergency Escape Breathing Devices... 429
2 Personal Equipment... 429
VII Detectors and Monitoring Systems
... 4331 Sort of Inflammable Gas Detectors... 433
2 Oxygen Density Measuring Instruments... 441
3 Fire Prevention in Cargo Pump Room of Tankers... 443
IX Extinction of Onboard Fires
... 4471 Basic Fire-Extinguishing Work... 447
1-1 Life-Saving... 447
1-2 Initial Fire Extinction... 449
1-3 Real Fire Extinction... 449
1-4 Fire Hose Team and Water Discharge Amount... 453
2 Practice of Fire-Extinguishing Work... 459
2-1 Procedures of Fire-Extinguishing Work... 459
2-2 Implementing Method of Fire - Extinguishing Work... 463
2-3 Fire Station Drills... 467
3 Implementing Matters for Onboard Fire-Extinguishing Work... 475
3-1 Fire-Extinguishing Work (General)... 475
3-2 Fire-Extinguishing Work in All Parts of Ship... 477
[3] Prevention of flooding and Drill
... 4871 Measures to Maintain Water-Tight Integrity of Hull... 487
2 Maintenance and Repair of Equipment for Prevention of Flooding... 487
3 Verifiction of Operating Conditions of Bilge Pumping Installations... 489
4 Measures when Flooded... 489
5 Water-Proof Station Drill... 493
[1] Survival Operation and Life-Saving Appliances
I Outline of Survival
1 Life-Saving Operations (Survival at Sea)
When a ship encounters an emergency such as a marine casualty, the necessary survival operations shall be carried out in the following order.
A marine casualty occurs
Carry out emergency safety operations
If survival on the ship is judged to be impossible
Carry out preparatory operations for "Abandon Ship"
Carry out abandoning operations
Move to a place where survival can be expected
Carry out necessary survival operations
(Start drifting)
(Drifting)
2 Basic Principles of Survival
To ensure survival through successful life-saving operations, it is essential to satisfy the following requirements.
A strong will to come back alive is the most important factor in survival.
Survival knowledge and technique mean familiarizing oneself with the following:
1. Proper use of life-saving appliances and equipments 2. Actions to be taken when abandoning a ship
3. Survival knowledge and technique when drifting 4. Cautions required by persons being picked up
Have a strong will to Survive Have survival knowledge and techniques
Have achieved survival
Have normal life-saving appliances always maintained in good condition
