The ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework
(AQRF)
TERESITA R. MANZALA
CHAIRPERSON
PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION
Outline of Presentation
I. The ASEAN MRA
II. The ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework
III. Challenges
Conceptual Framework
ASEAN MRA PQF
Recognition of Development of Harmonization of Qualifications Qualifications Qualifications
MOBILITY OF PROFESSIONALS
COMPETITIVENESS OF FILIPINO PROFESSIONALS
AQRF
Setting the Context
1. The Philippine International Commitments
1.1 Multilateral
WTO-GATS
IMO-STCW 1.2 Plurilateral
ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework
APEC
1.3 Regional
ASEAN CCS and MRA
ASEAN Plus
ASEAN – EU FTA
ASEAN-Korea FTA
ASEAN-China FTA
ASEAN-India FTA
ASEAN-Japan FTA 1.4 Bilateral
Philippine-European Union Cooperative Partnership Agreement
Philippine–Japan Economic Partnership Agreement
Trans Transpacific Partnership
The ASEAN MRA: OBJECTIVES
1. Facilitate mobility of practitioners within ASEAN
The ASEAN MRA: OBJECTIVES
1. Facilitate mobility of practitioners within ASEAN
2. Exchange information and enhance
cooperation in respect of mutual recognition of practitioners
The ASEAN MRA: OBJECTIVES
1. Facilitate mobility of practitioners within ASEAN
2. Exchange information and enhance
cooperation in respect of mutual recognition of practitioners
3. Promote adoption of best practices on standards and qualifications
The ASEAN MRA: OBJECTIVES
1. Facilitate mobility of practitioners within ASEAN
2. Exchange information and enhance
cooperation in respect of mutual recognition of practitioners
3. Promote adoption of best practices on standards and qualifications
4. Provide opportunities for capacity building and training of practitioners
The ASEAN MRA’s
PROFESSIONAL SERVICES DATE OF SIGNING
1. ENGINEERING Dec. 2005
2. NURSING Dec. 2006
3. SURVEYING Nov. 2007
4. ARCHITECTURE Nov. 2007
5. DENTISTRY Aug. 2008
6. MEDICINE Aug. 2008
7. ACCOUNTANCY Feb. 2009
Source: http://www.sophanseng.info/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/asean_map1.gif;
http://www.rihes.cmu.ac.th/rihes2010/image/asean_community2015/asean.jpg
Single market and production base shall comprise five core elements: (i) free flow of goods; (ii) free flow of services; (iii) free flow of investment; (iv) freer flow of capital; and (v) free flow of skilled labor. Box 1 shows the
commitments and targets for free flow of services and free flow of skilled labor.
SINGLE MARKET AND PRODUCTION BASE
Source:
http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7272/7601994244_5d9ab99785_b.jpg
Free flow
of goods
Free flow of professional
services
Free flow of investm
ent
Free flow of
capital
Free flow of
skilled labor
ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
2015
AFAS Article V: Recognition
• ASEAN Member States may recognize the education or experience obtained,
requirements met, or licenses or certifications granted in another ASEAN Member State, for the purpose of licensing or certification of
service suppliers
ASEAN MRA Article III. Recognition and Eligibility of Foreign Professional
3.1 Recognition of a Foreign Professional
• In possession of a professional qualification
• Valid professional registration and current practising certificate/license
• Has been in active practice for:
Dentistry: 5 years Medicine: 5 years Nursing: 3 years
Article III. Recognition and Eligibility of Foreign Professional
3.1 Recognition of a Foreign Professional
• In compliance with CPD at satisfactory level
• Certified by PRA of not having violated any professional or ethical standards
• Has declared that there is no pending investigation or legal proceeding
Article III. Recognition and Eligibility of Foreign Professional
3.2 Eligibility of a Foreign Professional
• A foreign professional who satisfies the above conditions shall be recognized as qualified to practice in the Host Country
III. The Philippine Roadmaps (Dentistry, Medicine, Nursing) for the
Implementation of the
ASEAN MRA
The Roadmap Template: Criteria
I. Exchange of Information
II. Facilitation of Mobility of Healthcare Professionals
III. Capacity-building and Training
IV. Financing Mechanisms Best Practices V. Malpractice Insurance
The Roadmap Template
I. Exchange of Information: Compilation
1. Recognized Basic Qualifications and List of Recognized Institutions
2. Recognized Postgraduate Qualifications and List of Recognized institutions
3. Domestic Laws and Regulations
4. Basic/Specialist Core Competencies / Scope of Practice
The Roadmap Template
5. Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct and Practice Guidelines
6. Continuing Professional Development Requirements
7. Registration Policies and Procedures 8. Licensing Policies and Procedures
The Roadmap Template
9. Number of Foreign Professionals practicing in host country (by country of origin and by
type of practice)
10. Contact Details of Professional Regulatory Authority (address, email, website, phone, fax)
11. Access to all AMS for certificate of good standing (by request only) and verification of registration status by host PRA
The Roadmap Template
II. Facilitation of Mobility of Healthcare Professionals
apply
Status: Generalist Specialist
Certificate of Good Standing
Local professional
Foreign country (Institutions:
hospitals, companies)
Local PRA Host PRA
Conceptual Framework
ASEAN MRA PQF
Recognition of Development of Harmonization of Qualifications Qualifications Qualifications
MOBILITY OF PROFESSIONALS
COMPETITIVENESS OF FILIPINO PROFESSIONALS
AQRF
PHILIPPINE QUALIFICATIONS
FRAMEWORK (PQF)
NQF’s Levels (Unified)
COUNTRY NUMBER OF LEVELS
PHILIPPINES 8
THAILAND 9
MALAYSIA 8
INDONESIA 9
BRUNEI 8
CAMBODIA 8
AUSTRALIA 10
NEW ZEALAND 10
Conceptual Framework
ASEAN MRA PQF
Recognition of Development of Harmonization of Qualifications Qualifications Qualifications
MOBILITY OF PROFESSIONALS
COMPETITIVENESS OF FILIPINO PROFESSIONALS
AQRF
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF)
I. BACKGROUND
• May 2010, Manila: 1st AANZFTA Joint
Committee Meeting considered the draft of the concept proposal for the ASEAN
Qualifications Reference Framework
• ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand FTA Economic Cooperation Work Program (ECWP)
II. Governance
• Creation of Task Force for the AQRF
• Chair: PRC Chairperson Teresita Manzala
• Vice-Chair: Megawati Santoso (Indonesia)
• Members: Representatives from AMS
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF)
III. DEVELOPMENT
Phase 1: Policy concept paper Regional forum
Workshops in ASEAN countries
Phase 2: Refinement of the model
Further regional fora / meetings Finalize the framework
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF)
III. DEVELOPMENT
Phase 3: Capacity building for NQF’s
Thailand-New Zealand (pilot project)
Philippines-Australia (proposal)
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF
IV. SCOPE
• A common reference framework
• Function: translation device
• Comparison of qualifications across participating AMS
• Covers senior schooling, TVET and higher education
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF)
V. PURPOSE: To enable comparisons of qualifications across countries that will:
1. Support recognition of qualifications 2. Facilitate lifelong learning
3. Promote and encourage credit transfer and learner mobility
4. Promote worker mobility
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF)
VI. PRINCIPLES
• Voluntary in nature
• Neutral influence on NQF’s
• Provide support and enhance each country’s NQF
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF)
VII. PROCESSES: Underpinned by a set of agreed quality assurance principles and broad stndards related to:
• The functions of the registering and accrediting agencies
• Education and training providers
• Systems for the assessment learning and issuing of qualifications
• Regulation of the issuance of certificates
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF)
VIII. STRUCTURE: Learning Outcomes
• Based on descriptors of levels of complexity of learning outcomes
• Facilitate comparisons and links
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF)
IX. STRUCTURE: Levels
• Eight levels
• Based upon a hierarchy of complexity of learning outcomes
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF)
IX. STRUCTURE: Domains Three domains
1. Knowledge and Skills 2. Application (context)
3. Responsibility and accountability
Comparison: Domains
PQF
1. Knowledge, skills, values 2. Application
3. Degree of Independence
AQRF
1. Knowledge, skills 2. Application
3. Responsibility and accountability
LEVEL PQF 6
KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND VALUES
Graduates at this level will have a broad and coherent knowledge and skills in their field of study for professional work and lifelong learning
APPLICATION Application in professional work in a broad range of discipline and/or for further study
DEGREE OF INDEPENDENCE
Independent and /or in teams of related field
QUALIFICATION TYPE Baccalaureate Degree
LEVEL AQRF 6
KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS
Are specialized technical and theoretical, involving critical and analytical thinking APPLICATION Are complex and changing
Involve the development of solutions to resolve both complex and abstract issues RESPONSIBILITY Minimal guidance and demonstrated
initiative, adaptability and self direction Defensible judgment and significant
planning, coordination and evaluation and improvement of activities
NQF Domains and Levels
COUNTRY DOMAINS LEVELS
Philippines
3
8 Thailand
7
8 Malaysia
8
8
New Zealand 3 10
NQF’s Levels (Unified)
COUNTRY NUMBER OF LEVELS
PHILIPPINES 8
THAILAND 9
MALAYSIA 8
INDONESIA 9
BRUNEI 8
CAMBODIA 8
AUSTRALIA 10
NEW ZEALAND 10
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF)
X. REFERENCING 1. Criteria
2. Process 3. Structure
• Proposed Target: 2018
INDONESIA
S2
S1 S3
General High School
1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9
6 Professional
Spesialist
D I D IV
D III D II
Vocational Senior High School
Subspesialist
Elementary/Junior High School
FORMAL ACADEMIC EDU FORMAL VOCATIOAL/PROF EDU
MALAYSIA
THE PHL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK
LEVEL
GRADE 10 GRADE 12
TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND
SKILLS DEVELOPMENT HIGHER EDUCATION
DOCTORAL AND POST DOCTORAL
BACCALAUREATE BASIC
EDUCATION
L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8
NC I NC II
NC IV NC III NC IV DIPLOMA
BACCALAUREATE POST BACCALAUREATE
ASEAN QUALIFICATIONS REFERENCE FRAMEWORK (AQRF)
8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Qualifications (A)
Qualifications (B)
Country
(A) Country
AQRF (B)
8
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework (AQRF
• Comparability
• Benchmarking
• Concept of “best fit”
Challenge: Quality Assurance
• Too many schools
• Quality of implementation of curriculum
• Quality of faculty
• Resources (ex. clinical material)
Government Regulatory
Authority
Higher Education Institutions
Accrediting Bodies
Challenge: Quality Assurance
• Quality of Graduates / Passing percentages
Government Regulatory
Authority
Higher Education Institutions
Accrediting Bodies
Graduates Government
Regulatory Authority
Professionals
Conceptual Framework
ASEAN MRA PQF
Recognition of Development of Harmonization of Qualifications Qualifications Qualifications
MOBILITY OF PROFESSIONALS
COMPETITIVENESS OF FILIPINO PROFESSIONALS
AQRF
END OF PRESENTATION
