God Almighty, for all the blessings and mercies so that the researcher could complete his thesis entitled “Phonological Variation in Bugis Speech of Junior Secondary School Students in Barru District”. Findings of changes in the phonemes spoken by Buginese speakers are the consonant phonemes /a/. The vowel phoneme /o/ becomes /au/.
INTRODUCTION
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
RESEARCH METHODS
FINDINGS AND DISCCUSION
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
Background
Contradictions in pronunciation rules can be influenced by the speaker's ability to use two or more languages and can also be influenced by the environment. This ability can be obtained from the community/association environment and can also be from the educational environment.
Research Question
The Indonesian language (IL) spoken by the Buginese language (BL) speaking community is essentially something that "deviates". Language changes made by secondary school students in relation to language studies will be studied using the dialectical paradigm and also as material for the development of language theory in phonological studies.
Objective of the Research
Banefits of the Research
Scope of the Research
Previous related research findings
Meanwhile, research journal Eli Marlina Harahap revealed variations in the phonology and lexicon of the Angkola dialect in Silagundi Village in Aek Garugur Village, South Tapanuli Regency. The results of previous research regarding phonological variations may include information and references to current researchers in the research.
Some Pertinent Ideas 1. Phonology
- Phonological Variations
- Phonemes addition
- Phoneme changes
- Phoneme Release
- Phoneme addition
- Phoneme Change
- Dialectology
- Speech Society
- Bilingualism
- Barru District
Of the three types of phonetics, it is clear that what is most related to linguistics is articulatory phonetics because this phonetics is very concerned with the problem of how the sounds of language are produced or produced. When diphthongs or double vowels are produced, the position of the tongue at the beginning and end is not the same. Phonemes can be said to be added after going through a morphological process, for example the process of adding phonemes in Indonesian which occurs as a result of meeting the morpheme /meN/ consisting of one syllable and then the vowel phoneme /ǝ/ so that /meN/ changes to /menge/.
The addition of the phoneme /w/ is the result of the meeting of the morphemes ke-an, peN-an, per–an with the basic form ending in the vowel phoneme /u, o, aw/. The phonemes /p, t, s, k/ are lost due to the meeting of meN- and peN morphemes with the base form beginning with these phonemes. Adding the consonant phoneme /g/ and the vowel phoneme /i/ at the end of letters in words.
The language of the speech community is very diverse, which can be a bit difficult to agree with each other. The complexity of a speech community is determined by the number and breadth of linguistic variations in the network, which are based on the experiences and attitudes of the speakers where these variations exist.
Theoretical Framework
From a facet language perspective, the Bugis Barru language is very similar to the Bugis Sidrap, Pinrang, Parepare, Soppeng, Bone, Wajo and Palopo languages. With existing matter, the tribal language Bugis is its own language, and itself equipped with a letter called _letter lontara'. Even unique Bugis with accented language dare to differ in every area; some are rough and some are subtle, resulting in a dialect. Bugis' language is varied.
One junior high school that will be used as a research area includes MTSS Muhammadiyah Ele. The sound changes in question are the process of adding phonemes, the process of changing phonemes, and the process of removing phonemes. This event cannot be separated from the elements of phonological variation, such as phoneme changes, phoneme addition, and phoneme removal, so that linguistic variation can be found in the subjects studied.
Research Design
As a knowledge and research effort, the methods mentioned in this study concern issues related to working methods and obtaining data so that conclusions can be drawn. The research design used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method because the data found is factual or fact-finding as it is.
Research Site
Research Participants
Purposive sampling is random sampling, the researcher looks for data sources with certain considerations, for example, the researcher assumes that the students know best what the researcher wants. Before asking questions to subjects, the researcher must first select objects for class VII.1 MTSS Muhammadiyah Ele.
Research Instruments
This type of observation is where the researcher is not a member of the observer, so the results obtained will be more appropriate because they are free from bias, but have disadvantages, namely the problem of inaccurate results and delayed results. This method requires collaboration, which is less active than observed, and the results can be relied upon for research activities. Because when observing behavior, the first thing to do is to develop a category of behavior through a coding scheme and involve identifying specific characteristics that may provide clues to the problem at hand.
Procedures of Data Collection
At this stage the researcher listens to the language mixing (language changes) that occur in a conversation. The recording technique is to record the conversations of research subjects while they are having a conversation. The technique of note-taking is the recording of conversations heard and seen by research subjects during data collection.
At this stage, the researcher recorded all the conversations that the researcher listened to during the data collection process.
Technique of data analysis
The first analysis process to be performed in the Miles and Huberman Model of qualitative research is data reduction. In this research, data reduction was performed to select data in the form of conversations that were obtained and then reduced to find language sounds (phonemes) that experienced language transition (bilingualism). Presentation of data is necessary to clearly see the facts occurring in the field under investigation.
By presenting this data, the researcher compiles and categorizes the data in the form of phonological variations arranged according to existing phonemic elements, namely additions, changes and release of phonemes so that they are easier to understand. Drawing conclusions (verification) is the third step in qualitative data analysis according to Miles and Huberman. In the first phase, the conclusions are only provisional and can then be changed based on supporting evidence and data in the field that continues to develop.
Research Findings
- Context: Conversations in Class VII
- Context: Conversation in Class VII in front the canteen Speakers: Lia (Student) and Sila (Student)
- Context: Conversation in Class VII
- Context : Conversations in Class VII
- Context: Conversations in Class VII
- Context: Conversations in Class VII Speakers: Teacher and Rizal (Student)
In the conversation above, phoneme addition occurs because there are extra consonant phonemes at the end of words. In the conversation above, phoneme addition occurs because there is an additional consonant phoneme (paragoge) at the end of the word. In the conversation above, the addition of phonemes occurs because there are additional consonant phonemes and vowel phonemes (paragoges) at the end of words.
In the conversation above, phonemes have been added because there have been changes in the vowel phonemes /e/, which can be classified as follows. In addition to adding phonemes at the end of words (paragoges), phonemes are also added at the beginning of words (prothesis), as in the following words. The release of phonemes in the conversation above occurs because there is a glottal stop sound (ʔ) at the end of the word.
Discussion
The language variations found in the research results are on various phonological aspects, such as adding phonemes, changing phonemes and removing phonemes. Apart from changes in the vowel phonemes /e/ and /|/, the findings of phoneme changes in this study are changes in the vowel phoneme /o/ in words, for example the word [taruh] changes to /taroh/ and the word [iya] changes in /iyo/. The results of the study show that the phonological variations of the Angkola dialect in Sialagundi village are not much different and there are differences in the consonant 'KK' and the usage of the word 'ng'.
In this research, it is explained that there are variants of the Javanese dialect in the Ngawi area, which are shown with descriptions in the phonological and lexical fields, and the creation of a map of the variants of the Javanese dialect in the research area. This research showed that the dialect used in the Ngawi area refers to the dialect of Central Java, although Ngawi is actually included in the East Java region.29. The purpose of this research is to determine differences in the phonology of the Bugis language among junior high school students when they speak the Indonesian language.
Conclusion
The similarity between the research by the two authors is that they both study or analyze the phonology and data sources studied by the same community. Research in the journal Eli Marlina Harahap similarly examines phonological variations, but not only examines the problems of phonological variations, but also examines problems concerning the Angkola dialect lexicon. The findings of the addition of phonemes spoken by Bugis (BL) speakers is that there are additional phonemes prostheses and paragogues in the words mentioned by students who speak Bugis when speaking Indonesian, for example the addition of the phoneme /ma / at the beginning of words (prothesis) in the word [cantik] becomes /macanti/.
The addition of the phoneme /g/ at the end of the word (paragoge) in the word [teman] changes to /temang/. The observation of changes in phonemes spoken by Bugis language (BL) speakers is that there is a change in vowel phoneme /a/ to /e/ and /o/. As for the results of the release of phonemes spoken by Bugis (BL) speakers, there are several factors that cause the release of phonemes by, namely, the release of phonemes at the end of words (apocope), for example the word [banyak ] becomes /banya/, in addition to that there is also release of phonemes as a result of loss of sound.
Suggestion
- Context : Conversations in Class VII Speakers: Teacher and Rizal (Student)
- Context : Conversation in Class VII towards the canteen
- Context : Conversation in class VII
The addition of a phoneme at the end of a word, there is also the addition of the phoneme /L/ in the middle of a word called Epenthesis. There is also the addition of a phoneme at the end of the word (paragoge), namely the addition of the phoneme (ng). The phoneme change that occurs in the conversation above is the change from the consonant phoneme \b\ to the consonant phoneme /m/.
The addition of phonemes occurred in the conversation above because there were changes in the vowel phonemes /e/. In the conversation above, a consonant phoneme is released at the end of the word, which is usually called Apocope phoneme release. The release of phonemes in the conversation above occurs as a result of the release of haplological sounds, namely the shortening of a word as a result of the removal of a sound or syllable in its pronunciation.
The relaxation of phonemes in the conversation above is due to the deletion of two vowels that are pronounced at the same time, which is usually called a diphthong. Phoneme relaxation in the conversation above is the deletion of the consonant phoneme /h/ in Indonesian words but with a Bugis accent.
DOCUMENTATION
