Ujian Tengah Semester
DATA RAYA DAN PEMROGRAMAN
Disusun oleh
Argirinata Pristanto 1523422007
1. The type of two primary software type
SYSTEM SOFWARE
An operating system, along with any accompanying utility programs that compile (translate) programs into machine code and load them for execution, is referred to as system software. The internal operations of a computer as well as its peripherals, including monitors, printers, and storage devices, are managed by system software.
The operating system is the main piece of system software. The popular operating systems include Linux, macOS, and Microsoft Windows. These systems control the hardware, information, software, and other system resources that give users access to their computers. The basic input/output system (BIOS), the boot program, and device drivers are additional elements of system software.
Application software, in contrast, runs on top of system software and instructs the computer to carry out commands from the user. Any program that handles data processing for users is considered application software. Software for systems and applications is also coded differently. Application programs use general-purpose languages, whereas system software typically uses system programming languages.
The computer itself is managed by system software. It works in the background to keep the computer's fundamental operations running so that users can use higher-level application software to carry out specific tasks. System software essentially offers a framework for running application software.
System software is typically created by computer manufacturers as an integral component of the computer. This software's main duty is to estab lish a connection between the computer hardware they produce.
The management of a computer's hardware and software resources is the operating system's main duty.
It is the primary control program for the computer. All other software, including both application and system software, is managed and tracked by the OS. All other computer programs run in an environment that is created by the OS, which also provides support for those other applications.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Application software is a piece of software created to assist users in completing particular application tasks. By performing tasks like word processing, data handling, data analysis, and many more that would otherwise require manual labor, these applications save time and resources.
Microsoft Word, Excel, and search engines like Opera and Google Chrome are a few of the well- known examples of application software. It also includes a group of mobile applications, such as games like Subway Surfer and messaging apps like WhatsApp.
People can connect with businesses and platforms that provide services like weather forecasts or transit information using a variety of other applications. Examples of such application software include GPS, graphics, multimedia, presentation software, desktop publishing software, and other technologies.
Applications software is developed to assist with various tasks. Such instances are as follows:
• Data and information management
• Document management (document exchange systems)
• Creation of images and videos
• Several alternatives include audio and video conference calls, emails, and text messaging.
• Accounting, financial, and payroll management
• Resource management such as ERP and CRM systems
• Project management
• Business process management
• Education software such as LMS and e-learning systems
• Healthcare application software
• Advantages of Application Software
2. One of type computer virus infection and how to manage the symptoms
A malicious software program or piece of code called a computer virus can attach to other programs, replicate itself, and spread to other devices. A virus modifies other computer programs by introducing its code into them when it is run. A computer virus is said to be "infected" with the affected device if the virus is able to replicate successfully.
The virus's code can damage the local file system, steal data, halt services, download additional malware, or perform any other malicious activity that the malware author programmed into the program. In order to trick users into running them on their devices and spreading the computer virus payload, many viruses pose as legitimate programs.
Every computer virus contains a payload that executes code. Any malicious activity, including harmless, simple jokes, can be coded by the threat actor into the virus payload. While some viruses have benign payloads, the majority of them harm the system and its data. There are nine different types of viruses, some of which may be bundled with other malware to increase the risk of infection and harm.
• Boot Sector Virus
There is a sector on your hard drive dedicated to pointing to the operating system so that your computer can start up into the interface. The machine becomes unusable when a boot sector virus affects or takes control of the boot sector on the drive. This computer virus is typically distributed by attackers through malicious USB devices. When users plug in a USB device and turn on their computer, the virus is activated.
Physical media is the most common method used to spread boot sector computer viruses. When the drive's VBR is read, an infected floppy disk or USB drive connected to a computer will transfer, modify, or replace the preexisting boot code. The virus will load and start running immediately as part of the master boot record the next time a user attempts to boot their desktop. Additionally, email attachments may include boot virus code. These attachments may contain instructions to send additional batches of emails to a user's contact list if they are opened, infecting the host computer.
Because of advancements in BIOS architecture, boot viruses are less likely to spread because they can no longer be altered in the first sector of a computer's hard drive.
Symptoms of a Boot Sector Virus
Users are unlikely to know if they have a boot sector virus until they run an antivirus solution or conduct a malware scan. There are a few different signs that a computer has been infected with a boot sector virus.
Here are some examples: Boot sector viruses, like most others, can cause your computer to slow down Files may start to be encrypted or disappear altogether Boot sector viruses can cause a computer to be unable to boot, it may boot to a blue screen, or the OS will not start, or a black screen with an error message may occur
Removing boot sector viruses can be a challenge, however, it is easier to prevent them from infecting your computer in the first place. The most common way these viruses spread is through shared removable media. Before you insert any removable storage device into your computer, make sure that it is not infected with malware. A virus might not be installed on your device when you connect the media, but if you leave it connected while starting up your device, your hard drive will become infected.
When using removable storage devices, such as USB drives, scan it with an antivirus tool before accessing any of the files stored on it Avoid using storage devices that you don’t know the content of Don’t download files from emails you weren’t expecting Stay vigilant of the network you are connected to, boot sector viruses can be transferred between computers on a shared network Don’t download apps from sites that require you to use their own download manager
