94
Adolescents’ Mental Health Efforts in the Implementation of Worship
Munaya Fauziah1, Nurmalia Lusida2, Ernyasih3, Fini Fajrini4, Dadang Herdiansyah5
1,2,3,4,5Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta Jl. KH. Ahmad Dahlan, Cirendeu, Ciputat, South Tangerang City, Banten.
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Mental health is a person's mental health condition. Someone who has a healthy soul if the mind, feelings, and physically are also healthy. One of the most effective ways to overcome mental disorders is to carry out worship. In addition, by carrying out worship, you can also get a double reward from Allah SWT.
According to the results of Riskesdas 2018, it shows that mental disorders have occurred starting at the age (adolescents 15-27 years) with a prevalence of 6.2%. In Indonesia, currently, the incidence of mental disorders is around 1 in 5 of the population, of which about 20% of the population has the potential to experience mental disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine some of the literature on mental health in adolescents in worship. This study uses a literature review method where the researcher conducts a series of studies involving various kinds of information from the literature such as journals and theses.
The results of research from various literary sources show that Islam has regulated in such a way both in the implementation of worship and in maintaining human life through good mental health. It can be concluded that Adolescents who want to have a healthy mental mindset must be good, in other words, their worship is devoted, intend everything because of Allah SWT.
Keywords: Adolescent, practice of worship, mental health effort
Introduction
Mental health is the mental state of a healthy person. A person who has a healthy soul if his thoughts, feelings, and physique are also healthy. Good mental health can make a person aware of their abilities, face the pressures of a normal life, work creatively and take part in society. Their psychic and physical conditions are optimally protected, adolescents who have a healthy mentality will not experience mental turmoil (stress), frustration or other diseases. In other words, adolescents who have mental health have a balanced intelligence be it emotionally, intellectually, spiritually or the observance of their worship to obtain happiness in life.1
If the Adolescent can apply a style of life that is in accordance with the rules and norms that exist in society, the Adolescent can be said to obey and have good moral standards. Meanwhile, adolescents who show behaviors and traits that are contrary to norms, rules, and values that apply in society, Adolescents can be said to have committed immoral acts.2 To be able to increase knowledge about adolescent mental health is to increase adolescent literacy regarding mental health by providing health education. Increasing
95 knowledge about mental health can have an impact on the mental health of adolescents themselves because good mental health is important to be able to face challenges in this era of globalization. The concept of mental health literacy refers to the increase in knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders and their management or prevention.3
In addition, one approach to getting good mental health during adolescence is to fulfill a fairly important developmental task in the form of having close peers. Peer relationships in adolescence are essential to meet social needs without establishing the values demanded by adults but by themselves. Not a few Adolescents think that adults have difficulty understanding themselves and only fellow Adolescents can understand each other. For some Adolescents, friends are a very meaningful treasure.4
Problems that arise from adolescents actually need guidance and direction by implementing the implementation of worship, strong religious values so that adolescent mental health can be carried out also balanced. Religion as a lil' alamin grace that serves as a psychiatric remedy, and bain peace, is not easily accepted by adolescents when given in a way that is not appropriate to the psyche development of each adolescent. The implementation of worship in islamic religious teachings requires to practice the teachings of the Islamic religion in an istiqamah manner which will have an influence on good ethics and will bring inner peace. The implementation of worship that is always carried out continuously is a medium to get peace and tranquility of the soul.5
Currently, there are about 450 million people worldwide suffering from mental disorders. Globally, the largest contributor to DALY's disease (when viewed from loss due to pain or disability) is mental disorders at 14.4%. In conditions in Southeast Asia, it is not much different from the global percentage where the largest cause of death is mental disorders at 13.5%. Mental health disorders can be experienced by all age groups.6
According to the results of World Health Organization (WHO) 2017 data Mental health conditions are increasing worldwide. Mainly due to demographic changes, there has been a 13% increase in mental health conditions and drug use disorders in the last decade to date. Mental health conditions now lead to 1 in 5 years of living with a disability. About 20% of children and adolescents in the world have mental health conditions, with suicide as the second cause of death between the ages of 15-29. About one in five people in a post-conflict environment have a mental health condition.6
Mental health conditions can have a huge impact on all areas of life, such as school or work performance, relationships with family and friends, and the ability to participate in society. Two of the most common mental health conditions, depression and anxiety, cost the global economy US$ 1 trillion annually.
Despite these figures, the global median government health expenditure on mental health is less than 2%.7 From the results of Riskesdas 2018 shows that mental disorders already occur starting at the age (adolescents 15-27 years) with a prevalence of 6.2%. Indonesia currently has a mental disorder incidence
96 disorders and there are more than 19 million adolescents over 15 years old who have mental disorders and more than 12 million adolescents aged 15 years and over experience severe depression.
From the results of research by Adara Bintang Nugroho, Hanafiah Beno Al Asri, Ardhia Ajeng Pramesti 2022, there are 20.8% of adolescents experiencing mental health problems. In this case, the curiosity to follow up on mental health problems is quite low at 64.7% while adolescents' knowledge of mental health is quite high. According to the results of the calculation of DALY's disease burden in 2017, there are various types of mental disorders experienced by the entire population in Indonesia, including depressive disorders, anxiety, schizophrenia, behavioral disorders, bipolar, intellectual disabilities, autism, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and eating behavior disorders. Since three decades or from 1990-2017, there have been changes in the pattern of mental illness, in which adolescents who experience an increase in mental illness include eating mpola disorders, bipolar, autism, and schizophrenia.
Mental health disorders have remained in first place for three decades. There are a variety of fak. 8
Some adolescents are at great risk to their mental health because they are influenced by their environment, stigma, discrimination or bullying, or lack of access to support from those closest to them.
Basically all the religious teachings that exist are actually interrelated with each other. Every human being cannot live without the help of others and certainly has many problems that are always faced every day.
Not infrequently, these problems also make mental peace of mind disturbed, which has an impact on mental health. It is important with psychotherapy so that the health or development of the adolescent can be stable.
One of the psychotherapies that is effective in overcoming this problem is to carry out prayers. Apart from being a psychotherapy, by carrying out prayers, there can also be a double reward from Allah SWT, because prayer is one of the first practices that will be worshipped on the last day. therefore, in this case the author wants to examine several.
Research Methods
This research uses a literature review method where researchers conduct a series of studies involving various kinds of information derived from literature as many as 15 Journals and Theses in the 2015-2022 range. aims to find a wide variety of theories and ideas that can then be formulated results according to the objectives of the study. The literature review in this study was carried out in order to get conclusions about the role of parents in improving the mental health of children and adolescents through Islamic worship. Some of the literature studied by researchers then reduced to be listed in table 1 below.
97 Table 1 List of Literature Used in Research
No. Researcher's Name Title Publications and Years
Conclusion
1. Abdul Hamid Religion and
Mental Health in the Perspective of Religious
Psychology
Tadulako Journal of Health Vol. 3 No. 1 2017 Pages 1-14
1Religion is a perceived practical relationship with what he believes to be a being or a higher form than a human being. Mental health is the avoidance of a person from mental disorders and illnesses. The relationship between psychology and religion in relation to the relationship between religion as a belief and mental health, lies in one's surrender to an all-high power.
The resignation that is fun is expected to give an optimistic attitude to a person so that positive feelings arise, such as a sense of happiness, a sense of compassion, satisfaction, success, feeling loved, or a sense of security. In other words, such a condition of being a human being in his natural state, in accordance with the fitrah of his occurrence, is physically healthy.
2. Ernadewita,
Rosdialena, Yummi Deswita
Patience as a Mental Health Therapy
Journal of the Study and Development of the People Vol. 3 No.
1 Year 2019
In terminology, patience means refraining from everything that is not liked because of the hope of God's ridha. Patience not only applies to things that are not liked such as death, illness, hunger and so on, but patience is also necessary for things that are favored by lust.
Therefore, mental health is a process of self-control from sequencing lust, both towards something that is not liked and something that is liked. Patience as a mental health therapy contains many meanings or understandings.
98 Years
3. Ahmad Syarifin Aspects of
Psychology and Mental Health in Aqidah Education and Student Worship
Nuances of the Journal of Islamic and Community Studies Vol. XI, No. 11, June 2018 pages 1-8
Aqidah and worship education are fundamental in aqidah related to learning about the six pillars of faith plus the creed of the creed in the pillars of Islam while worship education is related to the pillars of Islam
Aspects of psychology and mental health in aqidah education are seen from the human need for religion and by the method of human immania can achieve mental health Psychological and mental health aspects in worship education are seen from the human need for worship, worship can lead humans to mental health.
4. Layla Takhfa Lubis, Laras Sati, Naura Najla Adhinda, Hera Yulianirta, Bahril Hidayat
Improving The Mental Health of Children and Adolescents Through Islamic Worship
Al-Hikmah: journal of religion and science Vol. 16 No. 2 October 2019 pages 120-129
Individual children and adolescents who understand worship and carry out Islamic worship, are able to overcome problems in the life they are experiencing, are grateful, productive, adjust to the environment, maintain a relationship with the environment and their God so that they tend to have good mental health standards.
The implementation of worship in the Islamic context such as the implementation of zikir, reading the Qur'an, especially prayer is a way to obtain the achievement of good mental and physical health in adolescents to develop the great potential of adolescents as a generation of the nation in developing regional potential towards a superior and better Indonesia.
5. Asep Muksin Evening Prayers in the Qur'an and Its Influence
Journal of Nursing &
Midwifery STIKes
Mitra Kencana
Tasikmalaya Vol. 3 No. 1, May 2019, pages 42 - 53
Tahajud prayers have a very large influence and role on human mental health. Muslims believe wholeheartedly that comfort and tranquility in life can only be achieved by ber- Dzikrullah, enslaving Allah istiqamah in his life. The condition of a person who always performs night prayers
99 No. Researcher's Name Title Publications and
Years
Conclusion
istiqomah in his life sincerely, accompanied by a love for God will have strong endurance and mental health and individual ability to overcome the problems faced stably. The tahajud prayer (qiyām al-Laīl) performed in istiqomah will form a good mental health, a feeling of pleasure that exists and is present within oneself, control of thoughts and behaviors, positive and healthy feelings and emotions, there will also be peace and peace of mind.
6. Shofa Miftachul Khoir, Maharani Firda, Hanifa Nuuri, Auliya Ulinuha, Sri Wigati, Nailatin Fauziyah, M.Hadi Sucipto
Efforts to Reduce Community Anxiety During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Through Mental Health
Socialization (Case Study RT 1 RW 11 Ketintang Permai Kelurahan Karah Kecamatan Jambangan Surabaya)
Indonesian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Vol. 2 No.
1 Maret Tahun 2021 23-31
The existence of a pandemic that has infected many countries in the world has caused various impacts both in the fields of economy, education and in the field of mental health. As time goes by, this pandemic has not subsided. This is due to the existence of various new variants of the virus that cause the community to be more anxious.
None other than the people of RT 01 RW 11 Ketintang Permai Karah Village, Jambangan District. Where the threat is experienced by the community from mild to severe symptoms. The emergence of criticism in society is due to the absence of news filtration so that many are exposed to negative news.
In addition, the public also does not understand the correct handling of anxiety. From this, efforts are made to overcome anxiety. These efforts are in the form of socialization of mental health causes and management of anxiety. As a result of these efforts, the community understands the correct handling of anxiety. Where all participants understood that positive thoughts are very influential on reducing anxiety correctly. Where all participants understood that positive thoughts are very influential towards decreasing anxiety.
100 Years
Meanwhile, 33.4% understand that relaxation can reduce anxiety and 16.7% do it by sharing about the anxiety suffered. However, in this socialization it fails to reduce the cause of anxiety, namely news filtration. This is due to the limited socialization time so that socio- socialization efforts need to be held again.
7. Yasipin, Silvia Ayu Rianti, Nurman Hidaya
The Role of Religion in Shaping
Adolescent Mental Health
Jurnal Manthiq: Vol V No 1 Tahun 2020
1. Mental health can affect a person's state of mind, feelings and mood
2. The consequences of mental health disorders cause a person to be ineffective
3. Mental health problems can be overcome with Religious Therapy.
4. Dhikr can make a person relax 5. The higher a person's religious
understanding, the healthier his mental state will be.
8. Rifqi Rosyad The influence of religion on mental health
Jurnal Syifa al-Qulub, vol, 1 No. 1, JULI 2016
Given the importance and influence of religion in shaping and maintaining mental health, it becomes a privilege to provide religious education to students in general and especially to children.
Religious education to children should be carried out as early as possible because then religion will be an important part that forms the elements of their personality.
Religion becomes a provision for them in dealing with and overcoming various desires and impulses that arise.
9. Ali Mursyid Azisi The role of religion in maintaining mental health and social control of society
Jurnal Psikologi Islam Al-Qalb, Vol. 11, No.2, (2020).
Religion here has such a central role that has such a dominant impact on a person's mental health. By obeying the commandments and staying away from religious prohibitions, it will later have an impact on all aspects of life, including feeling a harmonious life and a healthy soul / spirit. Not only
101 No. Researcher's Name Title Publications and
Years
Conclusion
healthy, ruhani only, but from the health of ruhani will also have an impact on the health of human physique. With a healthy physique and spirit, it can make every human life feel peaceful, peaceful, far from stress and so on. In addition to playing a role as a purification of the soul through a series of ritual acts of worship, in the order of all kinds of rules and norms religion also plays an important role in the implementation of an orderly, away from conflict, peace, and harmony, known as religion as social control.
That way the benefits that can be obtained if you obey all the rules / Shari'a also affect a more comfortable and safe life.
10. Ikhwan Fuad The Effectiveness
of Worship
Implementation in Efforts to Achieve Mental Health
Journal An-nafs:
Kajian dan Penelitian PsikologiVol. 1 No. 1 Juni 2016. Hal 31-50
1) maintaining mental health in the perspective of the Qur‟an and As- Sunnah based on the principle of wasathiyah (moderation) in the fulfillment of needs between the material and spiritual,
2) the methods of the Qur‟an and Al Hadith in realizing mental health, among others, by strengthening the spritual dimension, controlling biological motivation and methods of studying the urgent for mental health. The achievement of this method can be seen from the life of the prophet and companions in terms of his relationship with his God, with himself, his relationship with others, and the universe.
11. Septiani Selly Susanti Adolescent Mental Health in the perspective of Islamic education
Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam & Pendidikan, Vol. 7, No. 1, 16 April 2018, Hal. 1-20.
Islamic education is very influential and beneficial to the development of mental health in adolescents.
Mental health in adolescents can be resolved if there is good cooperation from all groups between the family education environment, schools, communities and also. local government. In addition to cooperation between various parties, religions are present as
102 Years
enlighteners through Islamic education. Islamic education is a discipline that teaches students (Adolescents) about the values of Islamic religious teachings. When Adolescents have understood well and correctly the purpose of Islamic education, then what will be obtained is peace of mind derived from faith in Allah, because the ultimate goal of Islamic education is to make them become kamil people as a whole, not only theory but also followed by application in the field based on an attitude of responsibility in every action. The manifestation of adolescent mental health problems seen from the perspective of Islamic education is by adolescents properly understanding the values of Islamic teachings provided through education, for example about prayers that are special' will cause peace of mind, with this real application can make Adolescents not always feel anxious, anxious, and so on, which is a characteristic of disruption of adolescent mental health. With Islamic education, it is also hoped that adolescents can overcome various problems faced in their lives.
12. Replita The Influence of Social
Environment and Family Economic Conditions on Adolescent Mental Health in Aek Tampang Village
Jurnal Kajian Gender dan Anak Vol. 02 No. 2 Desember 2018
1. The conditions of the social environment in Aek Tampang Village show that judging from the state of customs, it is quite diverse, but the people live quietly and peacefully. But in terms of education, many Adolescents drop out of school, so many of them are naughty and follow promiscuity.
2. The economic situation of the family in environment IX shows that the average economy is low, where many adolescent parents become indiscriminate laborers,
103 No. Researcher's Name Title Publications and
Years
Conclusion
and become beca collectors, as well as become farmers, and few parents of Adolescents in the IX environment become civil servants. The low economic situation of mak families makes many Adolescents become laborers or kernet of public transport cars. As a result of the work of Adolescents who are in the field or outside the home, it makes adolescents' associations free, which results in the mental health of adolescents in Aek Tampang Village.
3. The influence of the social environment on adolescent mental health is from the data above it can be seen When viewed the influence between the variables X1 on y, it shows a significant influence, where parents and community leaders are lacking
13. Sulis Winurini The Relationship between
Religiosity and Mental Health in Adolescent Boarding Schools in Tabanan
Jurnal Masalah- Masalah Sosial, Vol.
10, No. 2 Desember 2019
There is a positive and significant relationship between religiosity and mental health in adolescent boarding schools. The higher the level of religiosity felt by them, the higher the level of mental health they have, and vice versa. While other results of this study suggest that among the dimensions of mental health, religiosity has a positive and significant relationship only towards social well-being. This means that the higher the level of religiosity felt by islamic boarding school adolescents, the higher the dimension of social welfare felt by the Adolescent, and vice versa.
14. Asriyanti Rosmalina Islamic Counseling Guidance
Approach In Improving
Adolescent Mental Health
Journal For Islamic Social Sciences, Vol. 1, Februari 2016, Hal 70- 85
The model of Islamic counseling guidance model in improving mental health is as follows:
1. Reading the Qur'an, reading the Qur'an (the Holy Book for Muslims) will make our sins forgiven, multiply the good, and
104 Years
affirm the hope of going to heaven. Therefore, reading the Qur'an is a therapy to eliminate the anxiety that arises from feeling sinful. Ibn Taimiyyah stated: "The Qur'an is a cure for every disease that is in the chest as well as for those in whose hearts there is a disease of doubt and shahwat. The Qur'an contains various explanations that can sort out the right from the vanity".
2. Prayer makes people draw closer to the Most Holy One both in the way of acting, thinking and attitude. Berdo'a is to speak, and people will reduce the busyness of life and find information about the answers to all questions about life when they pray. Do'a is dhikr and worship. In do'a there is a tranquility of the soul as well as a cure for sadness, confusion, anxiety of the soul and giving rise to mental health. For the one who prays will hope that Allah will grant his do'a because it justifies the word of Allah Ta'ala.
3. Clearing up The Heart. Human life is not just physical life.
Behind that there is a non- physical life and that is precisely what is the essence of life. The presence of sunlight, moonlight, starlight or lamplight to give it light, then non-physical life or spiritual life requires light, but not idhafi light what it needs is an intrinsic light, which is not sourced from a source but from one's own identity. That is the divine light. Everyone will be able to get that light but it depends on the extent to which the person's efforts clear his heart to be able to enter that light.
When we seek to clear the walls
105 No. Researcher's Name Title Publications and
Years
Conclusion
of our heart from the mists and dust of lust, creeds, abominations, indemnities, and various other kinds of vices, so that it becomes clean, then immediately the Divine light will enter through it and it will become brightly lit. When divine light can penetrate the walls of our heart, then soon life will radiate and our mentality will become healthy. As long as our heart is still covered by various interests of individuals, groups, and groups, it is difficult for us to imagine a brighter and more peaceful and beautiful future life, because all such fog and dust always impede the entry of the rays of truth into the recesses of our hearts. Therefore, we always live groping in the dark.
4. Normalization of the Concept of Patience. Patience can be enhanced by thinking deeply that man is a creature of suffering that no other being has, as stated in God's phrase: "Verily We have created man to be in a state of distress" (QS. Al-Balad ; 4). So suffering is a human standard and a source of human values, but we are often wrong in responding to a suffering we feel.
We think of adversity as something bad, for example we are inflicted with a headache, that pain we can treat the source of the disease. Well, without pain, of course we will allow bacteria or viruses to develop in our body, thus harming ourselves. So the pain is like an officer telling us that in our body there is a danger that we must immediately overcome.
15. Isep Zaenal Arifin and Lilis Satriah
Bi al-Irsyād's
Model of
Ilmu Dakwah:
Academic Journal for
The state of spiritual mental needs of inpatients in various hospitals is
106 Years
Proselytizing for the Maintenance of Patients' Spiritual Mental
Health in
Hospitals
Homiletic Studies Volume 12 Nomor 1 (2018) 99-120
generally in a state of spiritual deficit and some experience spiritual distress. Spiritual Deficit is characterized by the presence of patients who experience self- imbalances due to a lack of spiritual intake that appears in the negative and positive statements and attitudes of the patient.
Result
The results of research from various literary sources show that Islam has regulated in such a way both in the implementation of worship and in maintaining the sustainability of human life through good mental health. According to Abdul Hamid's research that religion with one's mental health has a close relationship because one's beliefs and mental health lie in the attitude of tawadu' to His god. The attitude of surrendering to God will give optimism to Adolescents so that positive feelings arise, such as happiness, pleasure, self-love and so on. With it, adolescents will avoid mental disorders and mental illnesses.9
As a Adolescent, life is carried out by applying it life. And leaving behind a lifestyle that is unhealthy and quite difficult to live, for example, like the social environment. If the social environment is not good, it will affect mental health in adolescents. The main cause of the abundance of crimes is from the elements of the social environment of his life. However, if the Adolescent hangs out with friends who are diligent in worship and has akhlakul karimah, then it is possible that the Adolescent will get good mental health as well. On the other hand, if their friends associate in a bad environment, the mental health of adolescents is not good anyway.10
Mental health must be felt by individuals, when having a mental disorder, whether it is mild if not treated, it will sooner or later become a severe mental disorder. Symptoms or signs of a person having a problem with a disorder in a mental disorder depend on the type of person he is experiencing. According to Zakiah Daradjat, a Muslim psychology expert, there are four factors that affect mental health, namely feelings, intelligence/thoughts, physical health and nature or behavior.11 The principles of psychologists that they can derive from the Quran and Hadith are integrated in the form of research by western psychologists and Muslim scientists. From this integration, the results of western psychological research are criticized first before being interpreted with psychologists sourced from the Qur'an and Hadith.12
107 Discussion
A. Mental Health in Adolescents 1. Mental Health Knowledge
Mental health includes two words, namely health and mental. The word healthy basically comes from the word healthy which means there are no annoying diseases. The word mental comes from the Latin mentis or mens which means soul. Health in Greek in the word hygiene which means insight, alertness, mind and soul. According to the Word Health Organization of 4 adolescent children, only 1 suffers from a mental disorder, be it severe or mild. Usually the Adolescent does not realize that it is a mental disorder.13 Psychologists and psychiatrists disagree on the barometer of mental health. Mental health can be understood by the release from mental disorders or the formation of self-adjustment and adaptation, as for those who speculate on self-actualization. In other words mentally healthy. A healthy mentality needs to be applied.
A healthy mental state can be measured by a person's ability to adapt socially or personally, not easily agitated, always feel happy, productive and act beneficially for others. The indicators of each mentally sound person are not to violate the rules, not to bully others, not to lie, not to do what can threaten his life and so on. 14
Mental health disorders are often associated with problems related to depression and complete loss of thinking function. People who experience mental disorders often get violence and discrimination and experience sneers from the surrounding community, not only people who experience mental disorders are affected but families who have these sufferers are affected. The process of forming stigma takes a very long time and develops following how much insight into mental disorders and stigma targets starts from the recognition of certain cues on the object of stigma, the development of stereotypes in society, the behavior of approving on sterotypes that give rise to prejudice, to the manifestation of prejudice through discriminatory behaviors. 15
According to research by Layla Takhfa Lubis et al, from the results of the literature sources above, adolescents who understand the implementation of worship when a mental disorder arises, can overcome problems in the life they are experiencing. The implementation of worship carried out by Adolescents in Islam such as pilgrimage, reading the Qur'an, and also prayers is a way to get good mental and physical health assistance from Allah SWT. Adolescents with a healthy mentality can build great adolescent potential as the nation's generation in developing regional potential towards a superior and better Indonesia.2
People who have mental disorders end up facing two major problems in their lives, namely facing symptoms that arise from the disease experienced such as anxiety, mood swings, hallucinations. The stigma experienced by people with mental health disorders has developed since throughout human history. Mental health disorders are still a serious problem.
108 Mental health or mental health is an important aspect in realizing overall health. Mental health is also important to pay attention to as well as physical health. There is no health without mental health, as according to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition that health as a state of physical, mental and social well-being that is intact and not just free from disease or weakness. Mental health is a fundamental component of the definition of health. Good mental health allows people to realize their potential, cope with the pressures of a normal life, work productively, and contribute to their communities.
Based on Law Number 18 of 2014 concerning Mental Health, mental health is defined as a condition where an individual can develop physically, mentally, spiritually, and socially so that the individual realizes his own abilities, can overcome pressures, can work productively, and is able to contribute to his community. Based on Law Number 18 of 2014 concerning Mental Health, mental health is defined as a condition where an individual can develop physically, mentally, spiritually, and socially so that the individual realizes his own abilities, can overcome pressures, can work productively, and is able to contribute to his community.
Individually, a person is said to be mentally healthy if they avoid the symptoms of mental disorders (neurose) and from the symptoms of mental illness (psychose). As for more broadly mental health is defined as the ability to adjust to oneself, to others and to the society and environment in which it lives. Thus, a person is said to be mentally healthy does not mean good and healthy only for himself but also creates a state where a person can handle stress on himself and then can make a good contribution to the surrounding environment and can also work productively. Individually, a person is said to be mentally healthy if they avoid the symptoms of mental disorders (neurose) and from the symptoms of mental illness (psychose). As for more broadly mental health is defined as the ability to adjust to oneself, to others and to the society and environment in which it lives. Thus, a person is said to be mentally healthy does not mean good and healthy only for himself but also creates a state where a person can handle stress on himself and then can make a good contribution to the surrounding environment and can also work productively.
M. Jahoda, a pioneer of the mental health movement, gave the following definition of mental health: "mental health is a condition of a person related to active self-adjustment in facing and overcoming problems by maintaining self-stability, as well as when dealing with new conditions, as well as having a real assessment of both life and one's own state." This definition contains terms whose meanings need to be clearly understood, namely active self-adjustment, self-stability, real and objective assessments of one's own life and state. All of these terms can be realized if self-balance is created in looking at the existence of oneself and also the social environment around it. A person's mental health is closely related to the demands of the society in which a person lives, the problems of life experienced, the social role and his social achievements.
109 3. The impact of Mental Health Disorders on Adolescents
Mental disorders in adolescents can affect a person's state of mind, feelings and mood. In addition, mental disorders also have an impact on the daily functioning of the individual and the individual's ability to interact with others, the use of illegal drugs even if not treated mental health disorders can cause a person to experience psychiatric disorders / schizophrenia.16
4. Efforts Made in Addressing Adolescent Mental Health Disorders.
Efforts to improve mental health, the ability to think positively needs to be built. Several studies which have been carried out show a positive influence of religiosity on negative psychological conditions such as psychological pressure and stress. The above opinion is supported by Abdul Mujib who stated that the benefits of religiosity elements such as prayer and zikir for human health, there are two benefits, namely:
zikir as therapy: first, zikir can restore one's lost consciousness, because the activity of zikir encourages a person to remember, mentioning things that are hidden in his heart. Zikir is also able to remind a person that the only one who makes a cure for diseases is Allah Almighty. So that zikir is able to give healing suggestions. Secondly, doing zikir is as valuable as relaxtion therapy, which is a form of therapy by emphasizing efforts to deliver the patient how he should rest and relax (Mujib, Abdul.17
In line with the research of Yasipin, et al (2020) that mental health can affect the emotional state of mind and mood of adolescents, which will have an impact on mental health and cause adolescents to be ineffective. That way, efforts can be made on adolescents when exposed to mental disorders by doing religious therapy such as thinking, the higher the understanding, the healthier the mental state.18
B. Mental Health in The Implementation of Worship
In religious psychology, mental health is a human illusion. People run to religion because of a sense of powerlessness in the face of problems. That way, all forms of religious behavior are human behaviors that arise from the impulse so that they can avoid danger and can provide a sense of security. Religion is an inseparable thing from human life. Man's relationship with religion is coherent. Religion itself is fused in the nature of man's creation. Manifested in the form of submission to God, longing for worship and noble nature. In carrying out his life, man deviates from his fitrah value, then psychologically he will feel that there is a kind of "moral punishment". Then spontaneously arise guilt or sinfulness.9
According to el-Quussiy (1986) mental health is a perfect fit or integration between a variety of diverse mental functions, including the ability to deal with mild mental shakiness, which is common in adolescents. In addition, it can positively feel happiness. As explained in the word of God in QS.ali- Imranayat 186:
110
ْيِثَك ىًذَا ِر ْوُمُ ْلْا ِم ْزَع ْنِم َكِلٰذ َّنِاَف ا ْوُقَّتَت َو ا ْوُرِبْصَت ْنِا َو ْۗ اًر
Meaning:
“You will indeed be tested against your treasures and yourselves, and you will truly hear from those who were given the book before you and from those who fellowship with God, a distraction that hurts many hearts. If you are patient and pious, then indeed such a matter is a matter that deserves priority”19
The Qur'an letter above agrees with the research of Ernadewita et al (2019), being patient from withholding everything will help a Adolescent in his mental health. Mental health also includes the process of self-control of lust, anger, both towards something that is liked and disliked. Patience can be used as a mental health therapy in adolescents and contains a lot of qur'anic letters above agreeing with the research of Ernadewita et al (2019), patience from withholding everything will help a Adolescent in his mental health. Mental health also includes the process of self-control of lust, anger, both towards something that is liked and disliked. Patience can be used as mental health therapy in adolescents and contains many meanings, including: meanings, including:
a). Be patient in controlling yourself in order to become a person who is able to regulate emotions be patient in controlling yourself in order to become a person who is able to regulate emotions be patient in controlling yourself in order to become a person who is able to regulate emotions.
b). Be patient by accepting the reality god has given, especially if the reality of life is inversely proportional to not in line with expectations
c). Be patient in the sense of being careful before acting and thinking first so that each person is able to control his actions
d). Be patient in the establishment and not easily discouraged so as to be a earnest Adolescent towards anything20
According to the opinion of Utsman Najati (2018) that in Islamic teachings there are educational programs that aim to create a balance between the material dimension and the spiritual dimension in a person's person, including: 1) Focus on strengthening the spiritual dimension of oneself by having faith and piety in Allah, and carrying out various rituals of worship; 2) Concentrate on controlling the material dimension in man (lust); 3) Focus on teachings that encompass the entire perspective of tradition for emotional and social maturity.
In curing a person's mental health disorder, the Quran uses a way of applying and practicing the thoughts, habits and behaviors that they instill in themselves. Therefore, Allah Almighty requires every human being who is a Muslim to carry out worship including prayer, fasting, zakat and hajj. The performance of this worship is carried out at a certain time to obey Allah Almighty and carry out all His
111 commandments and be obedient to Him. Allah Almighty teaches his people to always be patient, strong in the face of trials and trials, be able to control passions, do good to others and high solidarity. All these commendable things are a form of harmonious, whole, and mature personality. And there is no doubt that the implementation of the worship is carried out by a believer sincerely will make the real element of mental health. In addition, it can be a provision in warding off various mental illnesses.
Conclusion
Mental health in adolescents depends on the environment and lifestyle they carry out on a daily basis.
if the lifestyle of adolescents is not good, they will tend to be easily affected by mental health disorders. A healthy mental Adolescent he has a balanced understanding both intellectually emotionally. Adolescents who want to have a healthy mental mindset must be good in other words, their worship is established, intend all of them because of Allah Almighty. Performing pilgrimages, five-time prayers, reciting the Qur'an, and other worship services can help reduce the level of mental disorders. In addition, we also get rewards from Allah Almighty.
References
1. Mahfud D, Mahmudah M, Wihartati W. Pengaruh Ketaatan Beribadah Terhadap Kesehatan Mental Mahasiswa Uin Walisongo Semarang. J Ilmu Dakwah. 2015;35(1):35–51.
2. Lubis LT, Sati L, Adhinda NN, Yulianirta H, Hidayat B. Peningkatan Kesehatan Mental Anak dan Remaja Melalui Ibadah Keislaman. Al-HikmahJurnal Agama dan Ilmu Pengetah. 2019 Oct;16:120–
9.
3. Lestarina NNW. Pendampingan Remaja Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kesehatan Mental Remaja Di Desa Laban Gresik. J Pengabdi Kpd Masy ITK. 2021 Jun;2(1):1–6.
4. Qoyyimah NRH, Noorrizki RD, Sa’id M, Apriliana J, Isqy TT. Efektivitas Konseling Sebaya sebagai Upaya Penguatan Kesehatan Mental Remaja Panti Asuhan. J Penelit Pendidikan, Psikol Dan Kesehat.
2021;2(2):166–73.
5. Muksin A. Shalat Malam Dalam Al-Qur’an Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kesehatan Mental. J Chem Inf Model. 2019;3:42–53.
6. Indrayani YA, Wahyudin T. InfoDatin-Kesehatan-Jiwa. DKI Jakarta: Riskesdas; 2018. p. 12.
7. WHO. Mental health. World Health Organization. 2022.
8. Nugroho AB, Al Asri HB, Pramesti AA. Survei Kesadaran Mental Mahasiswa Upn Veteran Yogyakarta Di Era Digital Dan Covid-19 | Nugroho | Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip). J Kesehat Masy. 2022 Jan;10:38–42.
9. Hamid A. Agama Dan Kesehatan Mental Dalam Perspektif Psikologi Agama. J Kesehat Tadulako.
112 10. Replika. Pengaruh Lingkungan Sosial Dan Keadaan Ekonomi Keluarga Terhadap Kesehatan Mental Remaja Di Kelurahan Aek Tampang | Replita | Tazkir : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-ilmu Sosial dan Keislaman. TAZKIR J Penelit Ilmu-ilmu Sos dan Keislam. 2016 Dec;02.
11. Indah S, Muqowim, Radjasa. Pemikiran Zakiah Daradjat Antara Kesehatan Mental dan Pendidikan Karakter. el-HiKMAH J Kaji dan Penelit Pendidik Islam. 2020 Jun;14:42–80.
12. Ariyanto MD. Al-Quran Dan Hadis Sebagai Sumber Psikologi | Ariyanto | Suhuf. SUHUF. 2020 May;32:91–9.
13. Azhari MA. Dukungan Sosial bagi Penderita Disfungsional untuk Penguatan Kesehatan Mental:
Studi Syarah Hadis dengan Pendekatan Psikologi Islam. J Ris Agama. 2021;1(2):308–22.
14. Nurrohim A. Antara Kesehatan Mental dan Pendidikan Karakter: Pandangan Keislaman Terintegrasi.
Attarbiyah J Islam Cult Educ. 2016;I(2):273–302.
15. Mane G, Ringgi Kuwa MK, Sulastien H, Keperawatan St Elisabeth Lela A, Mapitara J, Alok K.
Gambaran Stigma Masyarakat Pada Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa (Odgj). JKJ) Persat Perawat Nas Indones. 2022;10(1):185–92.
16. Ayuningtyas D, Misnaniarti, Rayhani M. Analisis Situasi Kesehatan Mental pada Masyarakat di Indonesia dan Strategi Penanggulangannya. Ilmu Kesehat Masy. 2018 Mar;9:1–10.
17. Santoso MB. Kesehatan Mental Dalam Perspektif Pekerjaan Sosial. Share Soc Work J.
2016;6(1):148–53.
18. Yasipin, Ayu Rianti S, Hidaya N. Peran Agama dalam Membentuk Kesehatan Mental Remaja. J Manthiq. 2020;5:25–31.
19. Reza IF. Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Ibadah Dalam Upaya Mencapai Kesehatan Mental. Psikol Islam.
2015 Jun;1:105–16.
20. Ernadewita, Rosdialena. Sabar sebagai terapi kesehatan mental. Kaji dan Pengemb Umat.
2019;3(1):45–65.
