View of Building Maintenance Evaluation With 3D BIM Virtual Modeling

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Building Maintenance Evaluation With 3D BIM Virtual Modeling (Case Study of SSC Surabaya Building)

Leo Agus Sulistianto, Ronny Durrotun Nasihien Faculty of Engineering

Civil Engineering and Computer Science Study Program Narotama University Surabaya

1leoagus333@gmail.com, ronny.durrotun@narotama.ac.id

Abstract

The SSC (Surabaya Sport Center) building is one of the indoor buildings owned by the Surabaya City Government which was built in 2010 and has an area of ± 9830 m2. Which according Minister Regulation of Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2018 must apply BIM (Building Information Modeling), it is necessary to adjust the application of BIM. The expected benefits of implementing BIM are being able to imagine virtual construction before the actual physical construction, to reduce uncertainty, increase safety, resolve issues, and analyze potential impacts. BIM is a system, management, method or sequence of working on a project that is applied based on related information from all aspects of the building being managed and then projected into a three-dimensional model. This research was conducted by implementing BIM in the SSC Building with the 3D BIM Literature Study Method using software which integrates 2D As-Build Images with building specifications and their maintenance systems. Based on the results of research, the use of BIM makes it easier to see the 3D modeled building making it easier for maintenance needs.

Keywords:

3D BIM, Surabaya Sport Center Building and Virtual

1. Introduction

According to the regulation issued by the Ministry of PUPR in Attachment IV to the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing No. 22 of 2018 which reads that State Buildings (BGN) with an area of over 2000 m2 and above two floors must apply BIM (Building Information Modeling) in the planning to construction stages. With this regulation, it is hoped that construction service companies in the future will use BIM technology in the process of carrying out their construction (Nelson & Sekarsari, 2019).

Eastman et al. (2008) explained that BIM has implications for change, encouraging the exchange of 3D models between different disciplines, so that the process of exchanging information becomes faster and affects the implementation of construction.

The concept of BIM According to Smith & Deke (2007) is imagining virtual construction before the actual physical construction, to reduce uncertainty, increase safety, solve problems, and analyze potential impacts. Meanwhile Eastman et al. (2008) explains that BIM has implications for change, encouraging the exchange of 3D models between different disciplines, so that the process of exchanging information becomes faster and affects the implementation of construction.

While the condition of the Surabaya Sport Center (SSC) building based on a preliminary survey in the field, there were some damage due to maintenance activities that were not in accordance with applicable regulations, namely fine cracks in some parts of the building walls, toilets that could not be used on one floor of the building, peeling off. paint on the exterior walls of the building, and other damages. To facilitate the handling of maintenance, the author will design an evaluation of building maintenance using Virtual 3D Building Information Modeling (BIM) at the SSC Surabaya Building.

2. Literature Review 2.1. Maintenance

According to the Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat Nomor 24/PRT/M/2008 (2008) concerning Guidelines for Building Maintenance and Safety, building maintenance is an activity to maintain the reliability of the building along with its infrastructure and facilities so that the building is always functional.

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Based on The Committee on Building Maintenance, building maintenance is one of the activities carried out to maintain and improve the facilities available in a building so that they remain in accordance with applicable standards and maintain the usefulness and value of the building. Building maintenance is very important to maintain the condition of the building so that it is maintained in optimal condition according to the plan. The scope of maintenance is based on the damage to the building in question. Damage to the building is the non-functioning of the building due to the shrinking of the age of the building, human activities, failure in routine handling, excess intensity of use, disasters or other types of damage. Maintenance work includes types of cleaning, inspection, repair and replacement of building equipment based on building operating and maintenance guidelines.

2.2. Building Information Modeling (BIM)

BIM is a development model for simulating various stages of a project and is based on computer technology and software. Each user is allowed to access and enter information that enhances information about the model (Azhar et al., 2012). According to Eastman et al. (2008) BIM is one of the most promising developments in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry Dimensional Building Information Modeling 3-D (Shared information model) 3-D model elements and data used during the design and documentation phases. Show existing conditions and visualize construction project outputs. Meanwhile, according to Yalcinkaya & Arditi (2013) BIM is a process in which digital representations of construction elements are constructed, analyzed, documented, virtually evaluated, and developed until the final model is documented. BIM is a giant database for projects that contains all information for construction management such as cost estimates, schedules, change orders, and construction documents before the construction stage.

Figure 1. 2D to 3D Design

2.3 Autodesk Revit

The use of Revit is able to increase efficiency in the planning time up to 2 times so that it can save costs and provide convenience with software integration, is able to detect design collisions, making the work process faster. Revit also has drawbacks such as expensive licenses, high hardware specifications are required (Marizan, 2008).

3. Research Method

This research was conducted by collecting information data, conducting building surveys, adjusting 2D images, 3D modeling and integrating elements of survey results with 3D modeling.

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Figure 2. Research Flowchart

4. Result and Discussion

4.1. Identification of Damage to the Surabaya Sport Center Surabaya Building

The SSC Building is the second building in the Gelora Bung Tomo area. SSC building for sports, social and religious activities. Building components using brick, wood, iron, aluminum and concrete materials include:

Columns, beams and slabs with concrete material, The walls are made of masonry and covered with cement, paint and ceramics, Doors and windows, using wood, iron and a combination with glass. And The roof structure, using an iron frame material with an aluminium material cover, equipped with a roof damper.

Based on the results of interviews and field reviews, there are not many types of repair and preventive work in the SSC Building due to the priority scale of construction or maintenance of other buildings and their usefulness functions, but there is still maintenance work that is carried out on a regular basis.

4.2 Modeling

4.2.1. Using Autodesk Revit Application

Autodesk Revit is a Building Information Modeling (BIM) software that has the ability to process designs, update and document a project in one file using a parametric 3D model to generate floor plans, views, sections, perspectives, details and schedules.

Collecting Data As-Built Drawing Dokumentasi Existing

Modeling

Completion of 3D Modeling Integration

using Revit

Presentation of 3D Modeling as Maintenance Model

Start

Finish BIM Step 3

(Modeling 3D)

BIM Step (Drawing)

3D ARS

& MEP

As Built Drawing

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4.2.2. Doing 3D Modeling

Figure 3. Adjustment of As Built drawing

Figure 4. Screenshot of Column Type Input

Figure 5. Column View Screenshot

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Figure 6. Floor Type Screenshot

Figure 7. Door Type Screenshot

The modeling results above of course follow the As-Build image by taking into account the similarity of the conditions in the field, so a comparison of the field conditions with the 3D processed using Revit can be made as shown in Table 1.

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Table. 1. Examples of Combining Existing Conditions with Modeling No Component

Type Documentation Picture Modeling

1 P1 dan P5

2 P3 dan P4

4.2.3. Utilization of Schedule/Quantities Revit

Schedule/Quantities in Revit is very useful for showing the number of elements in this study, but there are some difficulties displaying the information we want. In Schedule / Quantities we can set the format as desired or display needs as below

The Floor Schedule table contains Level Determines the location of the floor, Family and Type describe the type of floor, Hight Offset Level determines the height of the floor to the zero point and Area provides the floor area.

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Table 2. Floor Schedule

A B C D E

Level Family and Type Height Offset Form Level Type Mark Area

Floor 1 Floor: Floor 1 -15 10 m2

Floor 1 Floor: Floor 1 0 4647m2

Floor 1 Floor: Floor 1 -10 12165m2

Floor 1 Floor: Floor 1 0 13 m2

The Ceiling Schedule table describes the ceiling elements. The table contains Level Determines the location of the ceiling, Type describes the type of ceiling and Area provides the ceiling area.

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Table 3. Ceiling Schedule

A B C

Level Type Area

Floor 1 Planfond Aluminium 237m2

Floor 1 Planfond Calsiboad 7 m2

Floor 1 Planfond Calsiboad 157m2

Floor 1 Planfond Gypsum 137m2

Floor 1 Planfond Gypsum 63 m2

Tabel Door Schedule menggambarkan elemen Pintu. Tabel berisi Level menentukan letak pintu, Type menggambarkan jenis pintu, Door Size menjelaskan ukuran pintu, Height menjelaskan tinggi ukuran pintu, Width menjelaskan ukuran lebar pintu, Opening Area memberikan luasan bukaan pintu.

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Table 4. Door Schedule

A B C D E F G H I

Level Family and Type Type Door Size Height Width Count Cost Opening Area

Floor 1 P1:P1 P1 146x214 mm 214 146 1 3.12 m2

Floor 1 P2:P2 P2 91x214 mm 214 91 1 1.94 m2

The Window Schedule table describes the window elements. The table contains Level determines the location of the window, Type describes the type of window, Door Size describes the size of the window, Height describes the height of the window size, Width describes the width of the window, Count gives the number of windows.

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Table 5. Window Schedule

A B C D E

Level Type Height Width Count

Floor 1 BV3 50 166 1

Floor 1 J1 380 530 1

Floor 1 J3 194 132 1

Floor 1 BV1 50 58 1

5. Conclusions and Suggestions

Based on the background and problems, the modeling of the SSC Building is carried out using Autodesk Revit Software for 3D modeling on the basis of integrating As-build drawings, Building Specifications and Building Maintenance Regulations. Completeness of providing information on the SSC Building Workforce Name Table, Periodic Inspection Schedule and Adding an Inspection Form to Autodesk Revit Software Schedules along with other information according to our desired needs. In addition, the implementation of BIM in the SSC building makes it easier for managers to determine needs and how to maintain them.

The suggestions for further research are to continue the Comprehensive 3D Architectural Work and MEP and continue 4D and 5D advanced modeling but need more complete data support from the authorized agency. As well as cost analysis and repair priorities are carried out.

References

Azhar, S., Tayyab, M., & Malik, K. (2012). Building Information Modeling (BIM): Now and beyond. The Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building, 12(4), 15–28.

Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., & Liston, K. (2008). BIM Handbook. Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470261309

Marizan, Y. (2008). Studi Literatur Tentang Penggunaan Software Autodesk Revit Studi Kasus Perencanaan Puskesmas Sukajadi Kota Prabumulih. Jurnal Ilmiah Bering’s, 06(01), 15–26s.

Nelson, & Sekarsari, J. (2019). Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Penerapan Building Information. Jurnal Mitra Teknik Sipil, 2 (4), 21–248.

Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat Nomor 24/PRT/M/2008. (2008). Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat tentang Pedoman Pemeliharaan dan Perawatan Bangunan

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Smith, & Deke. (2007). An Introduction to Building Information Modeling. Journal of Building Information Modeling (JBIM) National Institute of Building Sciences. https://www.brikbase.org/content/introduction- building-information-modeling

Yalcinkaya, M., & Arditi, D. (2013). Building Information Modeling (BIM) and the Construction Management Body of Knowledge. World Journal of Engineering and Technology, 8(3), 619–629.

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41501-2_61