Legend for supplemental table 1
Characteristics of children with norovirus gastroenteritis of distinct severity and demographics of the healthy controls, 2013-2014, northern Taiwan
Supplementary Table 1.
Factor
Cases Controls
(n=147) P1* P2*
All (n=147)
Moderate (n=44)
Severe (n=103) Demographics
Male gender (%) 92 (62.6) 23 (52.3) 69 (67.0) 92 (62.6) 0.114 0.904
Age, months 41.9 ± 45.0 56.3 ± 56.3 35.7 ± 37.8 40.1± 46.2 0.030 0.737
Body weight, kg 17.1 ± 16.2 20.8 ± 18.7 15.5 ± 14.8 16.4 ± 13.4 0.070 0.661
Breast feeding (%) 109 (74.1) 33(75.0) 76 (73.8) 118 (80.3) 1.000 0.211
Rotavirus vaccination (%) 58 (39.5) 14 (31.8) 44 (42.7) 84 (57.1) 0.270 0.002
Household member having diarrhea (%) 73 (49.7) 21 (47.7) 52 (50.5) 5 (3.4) 0.857 <0.001 Underlying disease
Atopic dermatitis (%) 18 (12.2) 8 (11.4) 13 (12.6) 22 (15.0) 1.000 0.496
Renal insufficiency (%) 2 (1.4) 1 (2.3) 1 (1.0) 2 (1.4) 0.510 1.000
Developmental delay (%) 6 (4.1) 1(2.3) 5 (4.9) 9 (6.1) 0.669 0.598
Congenital heart diseases (%) 3 (2.0) 1 (2.3) 2 (1.9) 0 1.000 0.247
Immunodeficiency (%) 2 (1.4) 1 (2.3) 1 (1.0) 0 0.510 0.498
Malignant solid tumor (%) 3 (2.0) 2 (4.5) 1 (1.0) 1 (0.7) 0.213 0.622
Clinical features
Hospital stay, days 7.6 ± 10.3 6.1 ± 6.3 8.2 ± 11.6 0.258
Fever (%) 91 (61.9) 21 (47.7) 70 (68.0) 0.026
Fever duration, days 2.4 ± 2.7 1.8 ± 2.5 2.6 ± 2.7 0.098
Vomiting (%) 119 (81.0) 27 (61.4) 92 (82.3) <0.001
Max no. of vomiting per day 3.7 ± 3.6 3.5 ± 3.9 3.8 ± 3.5 0.598
Vomiting duration, days 2.0 ± 2.4 1.1 ± 1.5 2.4 ± 2.6 0.002
Diarrhea (%) 131 (89.1) 31(70.5) 100 (97.1) <0.001
Max no. of diarrhea per day 5.8 ± 5.0 3.4 ± 5.3 6.8 ± 4.6 <0.001
Diarrhea duration, days 4.3 ± 6.6 3.1 ± 8.4 4.7 ± 5.6 0.177
Bloody stool (%) 34 (23.1) 8 (18.2) 26 (25.2) 0.400
Convulsion (%) 14 (9.5) 4 (9.1) 10 (9.7) 1.000
Use of parenteral antibiotics (%) 36 (24.5) 9 (20.5) 27 (26.2) 0.534
Laboratory data
Co-infection with rotavirus (%) 11 (7.5) 0 (0) 11 (10.7) 0.034
Co-infection with bacteria (%) 17(11.6) 4(19.1) 13(12.6) 0.779
White blood cell count, /μl 12.4k ± 6.7k 14.5k ± 7.6k 11.5k ± 6.5k 0.011
Immature neutrophil count (%) 2.0 ± 4.4 1.4 ± 2.9 2.2 ± 4.9 0.303
Hemoglobin, g/μl 12.5± 1.7 12.6 ± 1.6 12.4 ± 1.8 0.393
C-reactive protein, mg/l 25.3 ± 43.9 27.4 ± 46.2 24.4 ±43.1 0.718
*P1statistical test between the case subjects with moderate diseases and those with severe diseases. *P2statistical test between the case subjects and the control subjects
